The study on the functions of the diaphragm has been carried on for 5 years.It consisted of the studies on the relationship of the tension and endurance of inspiratory muscles with pulmonary functions,the changes of diaphragmatic electromyogram in maximal ventilation volume test in normal subjects and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),the functional changes of the diaphragm in dogs with RDS and the therapeutic effects of aminophylline.the changes of diaphragmatic electromyogram in dogs with hypoxemia and hy-percapnia,determination of transdiaphragmatic pressure,the relationship of the stimulation frequency on the phrenic nerve with diaphragmtic fatigue,etc.It was found that there existed di-aphragmtic fatigue in dogs with RDS,in dogs with hypoxemia and hypercapnia,and in patients with COPD,and aminophylline,digoxin,salbutomal ?-receptor excitory agents can minimize or prevent diaphragmatic fatigue.

Objective To investigate the changes of Th17 and Th22 cells in patients with Helicobacter pylori(HP)infection . Methods 66 cases of HP infection (HP infection group) and 30 cases of healthy people (control group) were selected .The levels of Th17 and Th22 cells in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry and the level of IL-17 and IL-22 in serum were meas-ured by ELISA .Results Comparing with the control group ,the levels of Th17 ,Th22 ,IL-17 and IL-22 were significantly increased in HP infection group(P<0 .05) .The correlation analysis showed that the levels of Th17 ,Th22 ,IL-17 and IL-22 were significantly positive correlated with DPM(P<0 .01) .Conclusion Th17 and Th22 cells were actived in patients with HP infection ,which caused the high expression of immune effector molecules ,and promoted the progress of immune damage .

Objective To compare the short term outcome of PPH with Milligan Morgan hameorrhoidectomy. MethodsNinety cases of Ⅲ ? Ⅳ ?degree hemorrhoids admitted for surgical treatment were randomly assigned to PPH ( n =45) or Milligan Morgan( n =45).ResultsThe difference was statistically significant between the two groups in terms of pain index ?operative time?length of hospital stay? time required for returning to normal activity and hospital fee. The above factors were found more favourable in PPH group, with no severe complications developed in neither of the two groups.The symptom improvement rate was 88% in PPH group and 81% in Milligan group.ConclusionPPH is a safe and effective procedure for Ⅲ ? Ⅳ ?hemorrhoids and its shorter term outcome is better than Milligan Morgan procedure.

Objective To investigate the effect of HES 130/0.4 or sodium lactate Ringer's solution injected before operation on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods Sixty patients (ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ) undergoing LC were randomly assigned to three groups: patients in group A were injected intravenously with 2 ml/kg sodium lactate Ringer's solution before anesthesia; group B was given 10 ml/kg sodium lactate Ringer's solution; and in group C, the patients were given 10 ml/kg 6% HES 130/0.4. The following data were recorded: blood pressure and heart rate before and after operation, and 0, 5, 10, and 15 min after induction; durations of anesthesia and operation; rate of PONV on the first postoperative day; and the number of cases who were given antiemetics. Results The age, weight, and durations of anesthesia and operation were similar among the 3 groups. The MAP was decreased significantly after induction in the three groups (P0.05). In the group A, 7 patients were given antiemetics that was significantly more than that in the groups B (3/20) and C (1/20). (A vs C, ?2=3.906, P=0.048; B vs C, ?2=0.278, P=0.598) . Conclusions Compared with 2 ml/kg sodium lactate Ringer's solution, 10 ml/kg HES 130/0.4 or 10 ml/kg sodium lactate Ringer's solution injected intravenously before operation may reduce the rate of PONV in patients undergoing LC, and decrease the proportion of those who need antiemetics after operation.

Objective:To standardize the clinical information of the nose.Methods:Based on the 1034 descriptions on the clinical manifestation of nose in the database of the clinical records of Chinese medicine in the past dynasties,according to the hypothesis of symptomatic unit,the symptomatic units,the second-level clinical characteristics and the limiting factors were summarized in the paper.Results:All the descriptions on the clinical manifestation of nose include 11 symptomatic units,7 second-level clinical characteristics and 1 limiting factor.Conclusion:Comparing with the symptoms in the authoritative works of Chinese medicine,cold-feeling of the nose while breathing was the new fi nding,nares flaring and ozena recorded in the authoritative works were the second-level clinical characteristics of polypnea and rhinorrhoea respectively.Nose diseases,such as nasal eczema,were usually diagnosed by several symptomatic units,so they were not symptomatic units.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among key populations in Wuxi City,Jiangsu Province,so as to provide evidences for developing preventive and control interventions for T. gondii in-fection. Methods A questionnaire was designed to conduct face-to-face interviews to HIV/AIDS carriers/patients,tumor pa-tients,pregnant women and pet breeders. The blood samples were collected to test anti-Toxoplasma IgM and IgG antibodies by using ELISA method. Results Totally 404 participants were investigated,and 38 were positive in testing T. gondii antibodies (9.4%),and among these,37(97.4%)were IgG positive and 1(2.6%)was IgM positive. The multivariate logistic regression indicated that age,regularly contacting cats/dogs and being HIV positive were associated with the infection of T. gondii(OR=2.1,2.6 and 2.3,all P < 0.05). Breeding pets,being HIV positive and being tumor patients were more likely to infect T. gondii than being pregnant(OR = 1.5,8.1 and 2.8,all P < 0.05). Conclusion The high infection rate of T. gondii is observed among key populations in Wuxi City,so that the effective measurements should be taken to enhance the intervention among key popula-tions including immunocompromised people,pet breeders or people having bad dietary habits of eating raw food.

Objective To evaluate the effect of immune fluorescence chromatography on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Methods The precision of immune fluorescence chromatography was evaluated with samples of 6.0% and 8.0% fixed value. Group of High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as control, HbA1c for 200 samples of EDTA-K2 anti-coagulated whole blood were detected by immune fluorescence chromatography to synchronous blinded trial. Results As to the precise of immune fluorescence chromatography in the samples of 6% and 8%, values of coefficient of variation were 5.1% and 5.3%, respectively. The linear regression equation of immune fluorescence chromatography and HPLC was Y=-0.110+1.021X and the correlation coefficient was 0.982. 6.0% and 8.0% as the cut-off value, kappa values were 0.950 (P < 0.001) and 0.922 (P < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion Immune fluorescence chromatography and HPLC is consistent with detection of HbA1c, which can be used for clinical detection of HbA1c.

Objectives To evaluate the effect of endovascular treatment for spontaneous isolated dissection of the superior mesenteric artery (SIDSMA).Methods There were 41 men and 7 women patients, aged at 32-78 years.46 patients presented with abdominal pain and 3 patients was asymptomatic.The SIDSMA was diagnosed by computed tomography angiography(CTA).Results In the 45 symptomatic patients, one was treated by laparotomy, SMA thrombectomy and necrotic bowel resection.44 patients underwent endovasular treatment, among them 2 patients failed endovasular procedure.The other 42 patients underwent successful intravascular remolding.3 asymptomatic patients underwwent conservative treatment.During the mean (17 ± 4)month follow-up period, computed tomography angiography showed patent true lumen in all the 42 patients.The 2 patients in which the endovascular intervention failed remain symptomatic of recurrent abdominal pain and digestive dysfunction.Conclusions The endovascular interventional therapy is safe and effective for SIDSMA.

Objective To Analyze CD4+ cell count which embodies curative effect in HIV and patients with AIDS, who have treated with TCM for half a year. Methods According to CD4+cell count, the patients were divided into 4 phases. Their CD4+cell count were analyzed before and after the treatment. Results 1.Rank sun test showed that CD4+cell count were significantly improved in people who used TCM treatment. On the whole, CD4+cell count was(317.76±175.61) in 1 cu mm before treatment, which was(350.60±175.92) in 1 cu mm after treatment, P<0.01. 2. Ridit showed that patients whose CD4+cell count more than 500 were in phase I. Their R=0.614, and the 95%confidence interval was 0.5702 to 0.6579. Patients whose CD4+cell count more than 350 and less than 500 were in phase II. Their R=0.575, and the 95%confidence interval was 0.5439 to 0.6062. Patients whose CD4+cell count more than 200 and less than 350 were inphase III. Their R=0.460 and the 95%confidence interval was 0.4347 to 0.4849. Patients whose CD4+cell count less than 200 were in phase IV. Their R=0.428, and the 95%confidence interval was 0.3971 to 0.4589. There was no overlap between phase III, phase IV and phase I, phase II in 95% confidence interval. Conclusion TCM has the advantages in strengthening vital qi, but that is worse than western medicine in effort of expelling pathogen.

Objective To understand the distribution and characteristics of historical Oncomelania hupensis snail environ-ments and wetland environments in Wuxi City since 1952 so as to provide the evidence for formulating the monitoring strategy after the schistosomiasis transmission was interrupted. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect the informa-tion of historical O. hupensis snail environments and wetland environments. Google Earth was used to present and analyze the distribution and characteristics of them. Results There were 2 124 historical O. hupensis snail environments in Wuxi City and the accumulative area was 2 995.7 hm2. In 2013 there were 61 surveillance sites of wetland with the area of 32.8 hm2 totally 1 695 snails were caught and no O. hupensis snails were found. Conclusion The historical O. hupensis snail environments were distributed widely and covered a large area in Wuxi City. The surveillance should be focused on the key environments and wetland.