Objective To test the allergen‐specific‐IgE in different districts for bronchial asthma children ,and analyze the re‐sults .Methods The blood samples of bronchial asthma children which selected from Heyuan City and Shenzhen City were detected by using German Ormond Western Blot Method reagents .Results The total positive rate of bronchial asthma children′s allergen‐specific‐IgE from Heyuan was 61 .7% .The positive rate of inhalation allergen was 43 .4% .The top three of inhalation allergens were house dust(41 .7% ) ,combination of mole(33 .3% ) ,the dog epithelium(20 .0% ) .The positive rate of food‐borne allergen was 36 .7% .The top three of food‐borne allergens were milk(33 .3% ) ,peanut(23 .3% ) ,beef(11 .7% ) .The total positive rate of bron‐chial asthma children′s allergen‐specific‐IgE from Shenzhen was 86 .7% .The positive rate of inhalation allergen was 73 .3% .The top three of inhalation allergens were combination of mole (63 .3% ) ,house dust (61 .7% ) ,The Liu/Yang/Elm combination (33 .3% ) .The positive rate of food‐borne allergen was 58 .3% .The top three of food‐borne allergens were shrimp(31 .7% ) ,crab (28 .3% ) ,the cod/lobster/scallop combination(21 .7% ) .Conclusion There were different parterns of the positive rate of bronchial asthma children′s allergen‐specific‐IgE in different districts .

Objective To study the biological functions of growth factors in the process of osteoblasts allografting and its acceleration in fracture healing in osteoporosis rats. Methods The fracture model of rat osteoporosis was established and then cell grafting was performed. Immunnohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were utilized to examine the expression of bFGF and bFGF mRNA during the process of fracture healing, the image was also analyzed. Results In the experimental group, bFGF positive cells were seen after 7 days after cell grafting, and peaked in chondrocytes about 14 day (384 65?8 60) after grafting. bFGF began declining after 21 days (286 24?2 30) and disappeared after 56 days. However in the control group, obvious high quanty was not seen and being only 125 33?4 50 even peaked at 21st day. Conclusions bFGF not only plays a very important role in bone formation but also enhances circulation formation in the fracture areas. It also accelerates the fracture healing in osteoporosis rats.

Objective To review and discuss the changes of diagnostic techniques and therapeutic modalities of pheochromocytoma during the past fifty years. Methods The clinical data of 362 patients (196 men and 166 women; age range,7-75 years;mean age,38 years) with pheochromocytoma from January 1955 to July 2004 were retrospectively analyzed.The disease course ranged from 20 d to 20 years with a mean of 3.9 years.According to the premedication,the past 50-year period was divided into 3 stages;and the diagnostic techniques,premedication, anesthetic skills,surgical procedures and perioperative death rate were compared among the 3 stages. Results There were 60 patients in the first stage (1955-1975) and their diagnoses were made on urine VMA and retroperitoneal air-contrast imaging.They had no premedication except for tranquilizers.The therapeutic modality was open surgery of resecting tumors under peridural anesthesia.The perioperative mortality was 8.3% (5/60).The second stage (1976-1994) included 105 patients and they were diagnosed mainly by 24-h urine catecholamine, ultrasonography and CT.Phenoxybenzamine was taken as the regular premedication and open surgery general anesthesia was used; the mortality decreased significantly to 1.0% (1/105).The third stage (1995-2004) consisted of 197 cases.In addition to 24-h urine catecholamine,ultrasonography and CT, 131I-MIBG scan was used as the specific diagnostic technique for pheochromocytoma widely.The premedication was phenoxybenzamine and urapidil.The microcirculation imaging analysis was used to judge the volume expansion preparation. Laparoscopic resection of the tumor under general anesthesia was adopted as the regular means.The perioperative mortality was 0.5% (1/197). Conclusions The diagnostic techniques for pheochromocytoma have become enriched and mature.The premedication has been standardized and included more medicines.The microinvasive surgery has become the current method for resecting tumors,and the perioperative mortality has become significantly decreased.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects and to summarize the clinical experience of benign prostatic hypertrophy(BPH) with inguinal hernia in the elderly 70-89 years. Methods Clinical data of 32 patients 70-89 years old simultaneously undergone transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) and plug-mesh tension-free hernia repair from July 2000 to May 2005 were retrospectively analyzed and followed up. Results The average operating time was (85.0?12.8)minutes, the average blood loss was (90.0? 18.7 )ml. No postoperative death or life threatening complications were revealed. By 7-40 months of following up reported that there were no recurrence of hernia as well as no incontinence and urethral stenosis or other complications. IPSS,maximal flow rate and residual urine were evidently improved after operation. Conclusion Combined TURP and plug-mesh tension-free hernia repair is a safe and effective procedure for the elderly patients.

BACKGROUND:There are most single-center studies about bone marrow stem cels applied to treat decompensated cirrhosis, but the therapeutic results are not ideal. It is possibly related to aging, physical weakness, poor bone marrow hematopoietic function, less available number of stem cels and feeble ability of regeneration and proliferation in liver cirrhosis patients. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels are characterized of easy to obtain, wide source and weak immunogenicity. Co-transplantation of bone marrow stem cels and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels may improve the therapeutic effects on decompensated cirrhosis patients. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy and safety of co-transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels and bone marrow stem cels on decompensated cirrhosis.METHODS:Thirty-two decompensated cirrhosis patients were randomly divided into two groups: in stem cel group, 13 patients received co-transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels and bone marrow stem cels based on regular medical treatment; in control group, 19 patients only underwent the regular medical treatment. Al the patients were folow-up for 1 year. Alanine aminotransferase, albumin, total bilirubin, prothrombin time, Child-Pugh score and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, 1-year survival rate, Quality of Life score and adverse reactions related to stem cel therapy were observed and recorded in the two groups at 4, 12, 52 weeks after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 4, 12, 52 weeks after treatment, improvements in the liver function, prothrombin time, Child-Pugh score and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score were found in the two groups, but there was no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). At 4 weeks after transplantation, the clinical symptoms and Quality of Life score in the stem cel group were significantly improved, which were better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). But at 12 and 52 weeks after treatment, no difference was found between the two groups (P > 0.05). In addition, the 1-year survival rate showed no difference between the two groups, and no severe adverse reactions related to stem cel therapy occurred during the folow-up. Co-transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels and bone marrow stem cels is safe and effective to improve the clinical symptoms of decompensated cirrhosis patients. However, further studies with larger samples are warranted to better clarify the co-transplantation effects.

Objective　To analyze the clinical indications,efficacy and safety of Chinese minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) in treating upper urinary calculi based on our experience.Methods　From June 1992 to September 2010,a total of 10,452 patients (6060 males and 4392 females)with a mean age of (47.6 ± 13.7) years (7 months-93 years) received MPCNL in our center.The mean stone burden was (777.4 ± 740.3) mm2 (20 - 4 080 mm2 ).The data of stone burden,operative techniques,operating time,stone-free rate,major complication,hospital stay and stone composition were investigated.　Results　Of the 10 452 cases,11 801 procedures were performed on 10 876 (5493 left and 5383right) renal units,including 10 102 first stage procedures,1604 secondary procedures,86 third procedures and 9 fourth procedures.There were 11 830 tracts established,including 373 (3.15％ ) tracts of 14 F,7867 (66.50％) tracts of 16 F and 3590 (30.35％) tracts of 18 F.There were 1207 (10.20％),9174(77.55％) and 1449 (12.25％) punctures located in upper,middle and lower pole,respectively.956(8.79％) renal units were managed with multiple tracts,which including 2 tracts in 846 (7.78％) units,3tracts in 85 (0.78％) units,4 tracts in 18 (0.17％) units and 5 tracts in 7 (0.06％) units.Pneumatic lithotripsy was used in 8563 (72.56％) procedures,Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy was used in 2981(25.26％)　procedures and Pneumatic lithotripsy + Holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy was used in 257(2.18％) procedures.762 (7.29％) cases needed ESWL to clean the stone after MPCNL.The average operating time was ( 101.3 ± 44.2) min ( 10 -240 min).The stone-free rate of MPCNL was 89.9％,which increased to 93％ by adjunctive ESWL.And the mean hospital stay was ( 13.2 ± 6.4) days (2 - 72 days).The major complications happened on 321 (3.07％) cases,including 294 (2.81％ ) cases of blood transfusion,12 (0.11％ ) cases of sepsis,2 (0.02％) cases of renal abscess,9 (0.09％) cases of pleura injury,2 (0.02％) cases of colon injury and 2 (0.02％) cases of death.53 (0.51％) cases needed selective renal arterial embolization to achieve hemostasis.The main stone compositions were analyzed in 4345 cases.Calcium oxalate,calcium phosphate,magnesium ammonium phosphate,uric acid,ammonium urate,carbapatite and cystin were 91.74％,90.33％,14.91％,17.77％,4.83％,8.47％ and 0.51％,respectively. Conclusions　MPCNL is an effective and safe treatment option for all kinds of upper urinary calculi in patients at all ages with a high stone free rate and low major complication rate.

Objective:To explore the differences of clinical features and surgical efficacy between the elderly and the middle-aged and young patients with meningiomas in the central cortex area.Methods:Forty-three elderly patients with meningiomas in the central cortex area (≥60 years old) and 63 middle-aged and young patients with meningiomas in the central cortex area (18-59 years old), accepted surgery in Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital from January 2011 to December 2020, were chosen. The differences of symptom, gross tumor volume, peritumoral edema degrees, intraoperative blood loss, tumor resection degrees, complications, and hospital stays between the 2 groups were analyzed.Results:The elderly patients had significantly higher proportion of preoperative muscle strength decline, lower proportion of preoperative headache, larger preoperative tumor volume, more severe peritumoral edema degrees before and after surgery, small volume of intraoperative blood loss, and longer hospital stays compared with the middle-aged and young patients ( P<0.05). However, no significant differences in distributions of tumor resection Simpson grades, proportion of new neurological dysfunction, incidence of postoperative complications, and proportions of reoperations and tumor recurrence were noted between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Significant difference in distributions of peritumoral edema degrees among patients with different WHO grades was noted in the elderly group ( P<0.05), and significant difference in distribution of peritumoral edema degrees among patients with different tumor volumes was noted in the middle-aged and young group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Although differences in clinical characteristics exist between the elderly and the middle-aged and young patients with meningiomas in the central cortex area, no significant difference in surgical efficacy is noted between the 2 groups. The peritumoral edema degree in the elderly patients is related to tumor pathological grades, while that in middle-aged and young patients is related to tumor volumes.

Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the main complications in patients with traumatic fractures, and for severe patients, the DVT can even affect arterial blood supply, resulting in insufficient limb blood supply. If the thrombus breaks off, pulmonary embolism may occur, with a high mortality. The treatment and rehabilitation strategies of thrombosis in patients with lower extremity fractures have its particularity. DVT in traumatic fractures patients has attracted extensive attention and been largely studied, and the measures for prevention and treatment of DVT are constantly developing. In recent years, a series of thrombosis prevention and treatment guidelines have been updated at home and abroad, but there are still many doubts about the prevention and treatment of DVT in patients with different traumatic fractures. Accordingly, on the basis of summarizing the latest evidence-based medical evidence at home and abroad and the clinical experience of the majority of experts, the authors summarize the clinical treatment and prevention protocols for DVT in patients with traumatic fractures, and make this consensus on the examination and assessment, treatment, prevention and preventive measures for DVT in patients with different fractures so as to provide a practicable approach suitable for China ′s national conditions and improve the prognosis and the life quality of patients.