Objective To understand the prevalence situation of women′s pelvic floor functional disorder in a region.Methods Using the stratified random sampling method,the questionnaire survey was performed and the risk factors of women′s pelvic floor functional disorder were analyzed by the logistic regression.Results Among 3 000 copies of questionnaires,2 913 copies of ques-tionnaire were actually effective.The prevalence rate of pelvic floor functional disorder was 54.7%(1 145/2 913),in which the prevalence rates of stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse were 39.3%(1 145/2 913)and 15.4% (449/2 913)re-spectively.Stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse were positively correlated with the increase of age,and the other risk factors included transvaginal childbirth and pregnancy,long term constipation,long-term heavy physical labor,menopause and transvaginal hysterectomy,the differences among above factors had statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of pelvic floor functional disorder in surveyed women is higher,the related knowledge is poorly understood by them.

Hepatitis B, Chronic ; Humans

Objective To observe the levels of serum lipid, blood pressure, waist circumference and blood glucose and to investigate the clinical features of metabolic syndrome in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods Serum lipid, blood pressure (systolic/diastolic blood pressure), waist circumference, and blood glucose in 2030 patients with acute cerebral infarction were analyzed retrospectively. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome of 2030 inpatients with acute cerebral infarction was 67.73%, and the men and women were 71.80% and 62.00% respectively. The proportions of hypertension, abnormal waist circumference, lipid abnormalities, and impaired fasting glucose in the men were significantly higher than those in the women (all P ＜ 0.05 ). The proportions of metabolic syndrome,hypertension, abnormal waist circumference, and impaired fasting glucose increase with the age (all P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with acute cerebral infarction is high. It is very important to evaluate metabolic syndrome in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Controlling dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycosemia, and obesity in the primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke can not be ignored.

Objective To compare the X-ray cephalometric results of teeth and skeleton relationship between individual lingual orthodontic and labial straight wire orthodontics,and to provide reliable theoretical foundation for selecting orthodontic system in clinic. Methods The general conditions of the patients, classification of malocclusion,severity of denture crowding and orthodontic design were used as the selection criteria. Thirty familiar adult patients with malocclusion in clinic were divided into two groups randomly:individual lingual orthodontics group (A group)and labial straight wire orthodontics group (B group),15 cases in each group.X-ray cephalometrics were taken using Steiner and Tweed cephalometrics analysis,the results of analysis were compared between pre-treatment and post-treatment in two groups respectively, and the course of treatment in two groups was compared,too.The difference of treatment effect and course of treatment between two different orthodontic systems was evaluated.Results The relationship of first molar and canine of the patients in two groups was neutral relationship,overbite and overjet of anterior teeth was shallow,the teeth arrangement was orderly and no space was left after treatment.There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05)between two groups in each measured values detected by Steiner Analysis after orthodontic treatment;there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05)between two groups in each measured value detected by Tweed Analysis after orthodontic treatment;and there was no statistical significance (P>0.05 )in the D-values of Steiner Analysis and Tweed Analysis between two groups before and after treatment.The duration of treatment of the patients in two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05).Conclusion Both individual lingual orthodontics and labial straight wire orthodontics could obtain well teeth arrangement and occluding relationship and achieve satisfying clinical orthodontic outcome.

Objective: To detect the correlation of the expression of c-erbB-2, p53, PCNA and bcl-2 with the biological behavior of breast cancer. Methods: We used immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of c-erbB-2, p53, PCNA and bcl-2 in 56 breast cancer patients. Results: The expression of c-erbB-2 was 41.1% and was negatively correlated with histological classification but was not correlated with age, clinical stage, ER, or PR. The expression of p53 was 48.2% and was positively related with ER and PR but was negatively correlated with clinical stage and pathological type. The expression of bcl-2 was 50.0% and was negatively correlated with histological classification, ER and PR and was positively correlated with clinical stage and pathological type. PCNA was highly expressed in the 56 cases. Conclusion: We should combine the detection of c-erbB-2, p53, PCNA and bcl-2 with the evaluation of clinical stage, histological degree and pathological type in order to improve the prognostic estimation of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Mini-screw anchorage is an innovation technique applied in the orthodontic field, expanding the treatment ability of orthodontic appliance. Accurate of mini-screw insertion in the target position is a clinical problem which making orthodontist trouble in this technique application. OBJECTIVE: To introduce a kind of three dimensional guide of mini-screw used as anchorage in orthodontic treatment and to evaluate the positioning accuracy. DESIGN, TIME AND SE'I-rlNG: A contrast study was performed at the Department of Orthodontics, Capital Medical University from April to October 2005. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty cases (40 mini-screws) of maxillary critical anchorage requisition were considered as the experimental group, and 15 cases (30 mini-screws) who were not treated with surgical guide were considered as the control group. METHODS: Self-made stent was used as a positioning guide for implantation of mini-screw anchorage between the roots of upper second bicuspid and first molar. Thereafter, the position was measured. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The vertical distance from measure points to the reference middle line were measured. RESULTS: In 40 mini-screws inserted with the aid of surgical guide, the average survival time of mini-screw as anchorage was 10.3 months, 2 were lost, and the success rate was 95%. The average survival time of 30 mini-screws in the control group was 9 months, 9 were loss, and the success rate was 70%. The positioning measurement showed that deviation of mini-screw was not found in the experimental group, but it was found in the control group. CONCLUSION: By aid of surgical guide splint, mini-scraw can be inserted correctly into the target region.

AIM:To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in colorectal cancer ( CRC) cells, and to observe the effect of MEG 3 on the invasion and migration of CRC cells .METH-ODS:The levels of MEG3 in human normal colon cell NCM 460 and CRC cells SW48 and LoVo were detected by real-time PCR.MEG3 was over-expressed by plasmid transfection , and the effects of MEG 3 on the invasion and migration of SW 48 and LoVo cells were analyzed by Transwell assay and wound healing assay .The expression of matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP) family proteins was determined by Western blotting .RESULTS:The level of MEG3 was down-regulated in CRC cells compared with normal colon cell NCM 460.The invasion and migration of CRC cells were reduced after MEG 3 over-ex-pression.Transwell invasion and migration assays showed that the numbers of transmembrane SW 48 and LoVo cells were smaller in MEG3 over-expression group than control group (P<0.05).The cell spaces were broader after MEG3 over-ex-pression in the wound healing assay , indicating that MEG3 over-expression inhibited the mobility of CRC cells .Meanwhile, over-expression of MEG3 reduced the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and elevated the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2).CONCLUSION:The expression of MEG3 is down-regulated in CRC cells.Over-expres-sion of MEG3 inhibits the invasion and migration of CRC cells .TIMP-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 might play an important role in this regulation .

0.05). The scaffolds produced no effect on the cell proliferation and had a low cytotoxicity, with chondrocytes tiled and lots of microspikes and matrixes secreted on the surface. Conclusion: The PCL-b-PLLA scaffold has a good compatibility with cells and is suitable for cartilage tissue engineering.

Academic powers and administrative power are two primary kinds of power coexisting in the hospital. The two kinds of power,which are essentially different,both overlap and conflict,leading inevitably to the complexity and variety of the power structure in the hospital. By analyzing the current situation of the power structure in the operation and management of hospitals in China,the paper aims to help bring about checks and balances of academic and administrative powers in domestic hospitals and offer some insight into possible models of power operation in Chinese hospitals that fit in with the times and regional features.

Objective To investigate the activation characteristics (contraction velocity, force and anti-fatigue) of the vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) by using surface electromyogram (sEMG) during isometric and isokinetic quadriceps femoris force tests in knee osteoarthritis. Methods The participants included an observation group (n=34) and a control group (n=34).The age, height, body weight, gender, dominant side and Q angle were matched between the two groups. The participants' quadriceps femoris force and sEMG of VM, RF and VL were tested in isometric knee extension at knee joint angles of 10°, 60°, 100° and isokinetic knee extension at velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. Comparisons were made for recruitment rate, average amplitude, peak torque/bodyweight ratio, index of fatigue by independent-group t-test, with the alpha level set at 0.05 for significant differences between groups.Results ①Recruitment rate of VM in isometric contraction at 60° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s, RF in isometric contraction at 60° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and VL in isometric contraction at 10°and 100° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s were all significantly slower in the observation group than that in the control group(P<0.05). ②The average amplitudes of VM, RF in isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s and RF, VL in isometric contraction at 10° were significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group(P<0.05). ③Peak torque/bodyweight ratio of quadriceps was significantly lower in the observation group than that in the control group in isometric contraction at 10°, 60°, 100° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s(P<0.05). ④In isokinetic contraction at 180°/s the index of fatigue was significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion A significant decreasing contraction velocity and force, increasing anti-fatigue of the vastus medialis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis were found in knee osteoarthritis patients when compared with healthy subjects.