Objective:To evaluate the ultrasound diagnostic value of extrahepatic bile duct diseases and misdiagnosis reasons for leakage.Methods: For the diagnosis of 399 cases of extrahepatic bile duct diseases were retrospectively analyzed, analysis of the ultrasonic diagnosis. Results: Three hundred and ninty-nine cases of extrahepatic bile duct disease, ultrasonic diagnosis diagnosis coincidence rate 93.2% (372/399). With extrahepatic bile duct stones coincidence rate 94.5%, extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma (89.3%, 86.0%, biliary ascariasis bile duct cystic expansion 100%, 27 cases of misdiagnosis.Conclusion: Ultrasound in the diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct diseases with high value.

Objective: To observe the discussion colour to exceed to check the correlation of carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral infarction. Methods: Choose 144 cases of cerebral infarction patients as observation group;And there is no history of high blood pressure, to select 138 cases of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in old people as control group, the two groups do colour to exceed carotid check, observation analysis of the plaques and hemodynamic index. Results:the observation group of patients with carotid artery plaque detection rate was 76.4%;Peak systolic velocity(PSV), end-diastolic velocity(EDV), significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (t=5.32, t=5.64, P<0.05);Vascular resistance index(RI), blood vessels, pulsation index (PI) is significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(t=6.23, t=3.56, P<0.05). Conclusion:the incidence of cerebral infarction is associated with carotid atherosclerosis, unstable plaque is the main risk factors.

The pure squalene(99.9%) was separated from liver oil of Mustelus griseus(Pietschmann) by TLC on silver nitrate-impregnated silica gel. The structure of squalene was confirmed by MS, ~1H-NMR and ~(13)C-NMR techniques.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.26.004

Objective To investigate the role of renal nerve in cardioprotection provided by renal ischemic preconditioning(RIP).Methods The effects of ischemia-reperfusion and RIP on the hemodynamics, myocardial oxygen consumption, epicardial electrography and infarct size were examined in anesthetized rabbit.Results During the 45 min of myocardial ischemia and 180 min of reperfusion, all hemodynamic parameters and myocardial oxygen consumption decreased progressively significantly. Epicardial electrographic ST-segment was elevated significantly during myocardial ischemia and return to baseline progressively in the course of reperfusion. The myocardial infarct size occupied 55.80±1.25% of area at risk,and RIP significantly reduced the myocardial infarct size to 36.51±2.80%(P＜0.01). The renal nerve section (RNS) per se didn't affect myocardial infarct size produced by ischemia-reperfusion, while cardioprotection afforded by RIP was completely abolished by RNS.Conlusion RIP have the protective effect on heart, and activation of renal afferents by transient ischemia-reperfusion play an important role in such a cardioprotection.

BACKGROUND: Total isoflavones of pueraria (TIP) possesses estradiol-like structures and has inhibition effect on bone loss or osteopenia in ovariectomized rats. However, studies have demonstrated that the prevention and treatment effect of TIP on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats is poor, especially in single utilization. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the combination effect of TIP and vitamin D on the treatment of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. METHODS: Totally 81 female sprague-drawly (SD) rats of 3-month-old were randomly assigned into 9 groups. Exception those in the sham-surgery group, all rats were prepared for ovariectomized models. Vitamin D or low-, middle- and high-dose TIP or low-, middle- and high-dose TIP combined with vitamin D were intragastric administrated in the vitamin D, TIP or combination groups, respectively. There was no drug medication in the model and sham-surgery groups. The uterus coefficient was calculated at 3 months after medication. The serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium, phosphonium, bone gla protein, estradiol levels, as well as bone mineral density of femur was determined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model group, the uterus coefficient and estradiol level was obviously increased in the middle- and high-dose TIP groups and all combination groups (P < 0.05); the ALP and bone gla protein levels significant decreased (P < 0.05); and the bone mineral density of central and distal femur were notably increased (P < 0.05); in particular, the result was more manifest in the high-dose combination group. TIP and vitamin D presented with synergism in uterus coefficient, estradiol, ALP, bone gla protein levels and bone mineral density of distal femur, but the effect was not significant in the calcium and phosphonium levels in the TIP and/or vitamin D groups. The findings demonstrated that Tip combined with vitamin D can induce synergism on prevention and cure of osteporosis in ovariectomized rat.

Clinical data of 27 children with renal calculi (11 cases on the right side and 16 on left)who were treated with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) using HB-ESWL-VG lithotripter from April 2006 to October 2008 were retrospectively reviewed.The size of stones ranged from 5 mm to 17 mm in diameter (mean 11 mm).In 22 out of 27 cases (82%) stones were crushed completely after the first course.Eleven of 27 ESWL cases were stone-free in 7 days,8 patients in a month after treatment;the stonefree rate was 96% when patients were followed up for 1 year.The results suggest that ESWL is a safe and effective method for treatment of renal calculi in children.

AIM:To observe the myogenic effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)transplantation after chemical-induction and stress-induction on denervated skeletal muscle atrophy in vivo. METHODS:The experiment was performed at the Animal Experimental Center and Central Laboratory in Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University from April to October 2007.SD rats were provided by B&K Universal Group Limited.The experimental procedure was consistent with animal ethical standard.The MSCs from male SD rat femurs and tibia were isolated by density gradient centrifugation.The third passage of MSCs after chemical-induction and stress-induction was labeled with DAPI before transplantation.Thirty-six 8-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group(n=18).The animal model of denervated gastrocnemius muscles were made by cutting the left sciatic nerve and creating nerve defect about 1 cm. MSCs were percutaneously transplanted to medial and lateral gastrocnemius of the experimental group rats,while low carbohydrates DMEM culture solution without MSCs and fetal bovine serum were transplanted to gastrocnemius of the control group.Bilateral gastrocnemius muscles of each rat from the two groups were weighed 4,8 and 12 weeks postoperatively after examining the motor unit potential and fibrillation potential.The gastrocnemius muscles underwent HE staining and image analysis to measure cross-section area of muscle fiber.The amount of protein was detected by BCA method. RESULTS:Muscular atrophy was observed 2 weeks after denervation.The motor unit waveshape of gastrocnemius became single; time limit became long;voltage became low,and the fibrillation potential norientation wave was increased.Differences were observed between two groups 4 weeks and 8 weeks,but no differences were observed after 12 weeks.Cells with fluorescence were observed in transplantation sites of the experimental group,but not in the control group.The wet weight remnant rate,cross-sectional area of fiber remnant rate and muscle amount protein content remnant rate in rates transplanted with MSCs were significantly lower than those in the control group 4 and 8 weeks after surgery(P

Objective: To establish a method for the determination of cyasterone in Shenshixiao capsules. Methods: Using an HPLC method, the column was an Agilent C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) column, the mobile phase was methanol-water with gradient elution. The detection wavelength was 243nm, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 ,and the temperature of column was room temperature. Results:The linear relationship of cyasterone was good within the concentration range of 0. 025-0. 247 μg(r=0. 999 6), the average recovery was 99. 4%, and RSD was 0. 76%. Conclusion:The method is rapid, simple and accurate, and can be used in the quality control of the preparation.

In order to establish stable high expression cell lines, the eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2EGFP and recombinant plasmid pIRES2EGFP-TIM-3 were transfected into mammalian cells CHO by Lipofectamine. The transfected cells were cultivated under selective growth medium including G418 and green fluorescent protein (GFP) positive cells were sorted by FACS. Simultaneously, growing transfectants were selected only by G418 in the medium. The GFP expression in stably transfected cells was detected by FACS. Under selective growth conditions with G418, the percentage of GFP positive cells was reduced rapidly and GFP induction was low. In contrast, the percentages of GFP positive cells were increased gradually after FACS. By 3 rounds of GFP selection, the stable high expression cell lines were established. Furthermore, using FACS analysis GFP and the target protein TIM-3 co-expression in the stable transfectants cultured in nonselective medium was detected. Theses results demonstrated that the stably transfected cell lines that express high titer of recombinant protein can be simply and fleetly obtained by using GFP and selective growth medium.