Objective To investigate the lifestyles of internet addiction disorders and explore the relationship between lifestyles and internet addiction among Chinese adolescents.Methods In this cross-sectional stratified cluster sampling study,Demographic Information Questionnaire,Chinese Adolescent Lifestyles Scale (CALS)and Young's Internet Addiction Test were applied.Results (1) Adolescents with internet addiction were 275,accounting for 11.20％.Boys(15.45％) addicted the internet more than girls(7.48％).The prevalence rate of IAD was higher in students from urban(13.55％) than that in students from rural area(9.67％).The ratio of IAD was the highest in junior school students (14.01％),the second in university students (13.84％),the third in senior high school students(9.66％),and the lowest in primary school students(7.67％) (P＜0.01).(2) The internet addicts scored significantly lower on sleep,study habits,physical exercise,interpersonal relationship and coping style,compared to the normal group(P＜0.01).(3) Sleep status,study habits,physical exercise,interpersonal relationship and coping style were negatively correlated with internet addiction (r=-0.193,r=-0.319,r=-0.175,r=-0.225,r=-0.105,P＜0.01).(4)Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated learning habits and interpersonal relationship had negative predictive effects on internet addiction; whereas,the coping style showed a weak positive prediction effect on Internet addiction.Conclusion Internet addict teenagers have poor lifestyles which should be suggested to start the good behavior habit and insist on a healthy lifestyle to prevent the internet addiction disorder.

Objective To identify gene mutations in two families with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK).Methods Clinical data were collected from two families with EHK.Peripheral blood was isolated from the probands and unaffected family members in the families as well as from 50 healthy controls.PCR was performed to amplify the encoding exons and flanking intron regions of KRT1 and KRT10 genes followed by direct DNA sequencing.Results Two mutations in the KRT10 gene,including a heterozygous acceptor splice site mutation in intron 4 (c.1030-2 A＞G) and a heterozygous missense mutation c.467 G＞A,were identified in the probands of both families,but absent in the unaffected family members or healthy controls.ConclusionThe splice site mutation c.1030-2 A＞G and missense mutation c.467 G＞A might be responsible for the phenotype of EHK in the two families.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of vitiligo in Shaanxi Province. Methods There are 36 million peoples in Shaanxi Province, China. One thousandth of them were selected to be an object of investigation by stratified random sampling. All the inhabitants in the study area were investigated in a door-to-door survey to find out all vitiligo patients among them. Results Forty vitiligo patients were found out of 42 833 people surveyed. Conclusion The prevalence of vitiligo in Shaanxi Province is 0.093%.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) and investigate the recurrence factors.Methods:In this case-control study, 40 eyes of 38 patients with wAMD treated by anti-VEGF therapy in Xijing Hospital from October 2015 to April 2017 were included.Ranibizumab or conbercept was consecutively intravitreally injected monthly under 3+ pro re nata (PRN) regimen.All included patients were followed-up at least 12 months.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was expressed in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) units.Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to observe the morphologic characteristics of macula and measure the central retina thickness (CRT). Patients were divided into recurrence and recurrence-free group based on whether recurrence occurred during follow-up.Potential associated factors with recurrence after treatment were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Meanwhile, the morphological and functional response were identified at 1 month after loading phase as well as at last follow-up visit.This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai General Hospital (No.2016KY243) and written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to receiving injection.Results:All the operative eyes showed retinal effusion absorption at least once, and 21 (52.5%) eyes had relapse during follow-up.The patients with lower BCVA (LogMAR) value at the first absorption time had higher risk of recurrence ( OR=16.7, 95% CI=1.22-100, P<0.05). The eyes in the recurrence group received more times of treatment than eyes in the recurrence-free group (5.8±2.3 vs 3.5±1.4, t=3.64, P<0.05). However, there was no significance between the two groups in BCVA change before and after treatment ( t=-1.52, P>0.05). In the recurrence group, the BCVA (LogMAR) and CRT at last visit were 0.73±0.34 and (187.2±81.7)μm respectively, while were significantly improved in comparison with 0.81±0.37 and (234.2±74.5)μm at the relapse time ( t=2.14, 2.62; both at P<0.05). There were 87.5% (35/40) eyes showed good morphological responses at 1 month after the loading phase while 12.5% (5/40) eyes presented poor morphological responses, the retinal effusion was absorbed after additional (3.2±2.2) times of injections.The BCVA of eyes with a good morphological response at 1 month following loading phase was better than that at the first retinal effusion absorption time ( t=-2.23, P<0.05). Average CRT at last visit was significantly decreased in comparison with the baseline CRT ( Z=-4.62, P<0.01). Conclusions:For wet AMD patients, the anti-VEGF treatment is safe and effective in the short term, while there is still a high rate of recurrence.More attention should be paid to eyes with better vision at the first time of retinal effusion absorption which may have more chance to experience recurrence.Patients need long-term follow-up after treatment to prevent recurrence.In addition, the complete loading treatment is needed for patients who have a good morphological response after the first retinal effusion absorbed.

Objective To construct the antisense eukaryotic vector of human TRP-1 (tyrosinase related protein 1) encoding gene, and transfect it into TRP-1 highly expressed melanocytes and malignant melanoma cell line, in order to further study the effects of antisense TRP-1 on the proliferation and functions of those cells. Methods TRP-1 cDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the PCR products were subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 on the opposite direction. Antisense recombinant vector was transfected into melanocytes and melanoma cell line. TRP-1 mRNA level was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). TRP-1 protein level was detected by Western blot. Cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry. The activity of tyrosinase was valued by L-dopa reaction. Results The recombinant antisense vector pcDNA3.1/TRP-1(-) was constructed. Positive transfected cells could steadily express TRP-1 antisense RNA. It was showed that there was a low level of TRP-1 mRNA as indicated by RT-PCR, and a low level of TRP-1 protein as indicated by Western blot. Cell cycles were blocked in G1 stage. The suppress rates of tyrosinase was 46% in transfected melanocytes and 54% in malignant melanoma cells, respectively. Conclusions TRP-1 plays an important role in the proliferation and functions of melanocytes and melanoma cells. Antisense TRP-1 could block the cell cycles and decrease the activity of tyrosinese in those cells.

Objective:To study the differentiation capacity of the fibroblast-like cells isolated from human skin dermis into mesenchymal stem cells, and to explore the feasibility to use these cells as alternative cell source of autologus bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs ) for regeneration of tissue inj uries and defects. Methods:Full thickness skin samples were obtained from the abdomen of surgical patients, then digested with dispase and collagenase Ⅰ subsequently. Thereafter, the digested cells were collected and cultured, followed by suspension with serum free medium containing N2,B27,basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF),and epidermal growth factor (EGF).The skin dermis derived spheroids (SDDSs)were collected and monolayer cultured in serum-containing medium.Finally,the cells were characterized by immunofluorescence staining and differentiation assays.Results:The dermis derived cells proliferated and formed SDDSs in the suspension of serum-free medium. After monolayer cultivation in serum-containing medium, the cells from spheroids were successfully expanded to large number. The cells expressed mesenchymal stem cells markers CD90, CD105 and vimentin. Under osteogenic,chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation conditions,these cells were differentiated into the alizarin red,safranin O, and oil red O staining positive cells, displayed similar differentiation traits with BMSCs. However,safranin O staining was weaker in the dermis derived cells than BMSCs. Conclusion:A kind of fibroblast-like cells exist in human skin dermis, and have osteocytic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation potentials,demonstrating that these cells will be utilized as a novel cell source for repairing the tissue injury and defect in clinic.

Objective To develop a HPLC method for determination of pueratin.Methods The separation was carried out on a Waters Symmetry C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and 1% formic acid(11∶89), the detection wavelength was set at 250 nm, the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 10 μl.Results The linearity was obtained over 2~40 μg/ml (r=0.999 8) for pueratin.The RSD of precision were less than 2%.The average recovery was between 98% and 103%.Conclusion This HPLC method was simple, accuracy and suitable for the quality control of Jiangzhi Hugan capsule.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and significance of miR-125a and anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 in intestinal tissue after massive small bowel resection in intestinal adaptation.

METHODSSprague-Dawley rats (54 male rats, 8-week old) were divided into 3 groups randomly, including two control groups. Rats in the experiment group were subjected to 70% massive small bowel resection. Rats in the resection group underwent simple intestinal resection and anastomosis. Rats in the control group underwent laparotomy alone. A 5 cm intestine approximately 1 cm distal to the anastomosis was harvested a week after operation. Expression of Mcl-1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-125a in intestinal tissue.

RESULTSThe positive expression of Mcl-1 in the experiment group was 18.8%(3/16), significantly lower than that in the control group(76.5%, 13/17) and the resection group (83.33%, 15/18)(both P<0.01). The expression of miR-125a in the experiment group was 1.92, significantly higher than that in the control group (1.01) and the resection group (1.05)(both P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONmiR-125a and anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 may play an important role in intestinal adaptation process and they may regulate each other through a certain pathway.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Intestine, Small ; metabolism ; surgery ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Short Bowel Syndrome ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the evaluation index of melasma staging by clinical manifestations and non-invasive skin detection technology.Methods A total of 195 patients with a clinical diagnosis of melasma were enrolled from the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University.The skin with lesion enlarged,color darker,erythema,red occured after scratching or lesion faded after compressing with glass belonged to the active stage;on the contrary,it was in the stable stage.Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM),dermoscopy,Mexameter 18 and LAB were used to observe skin lesions of different stage of melasma.Results There were 115 patients (59.0 ％) in the active stage of melasma and 80 patients (41.0 ％) in the stable stage.DMA score in active stage 35.08± 10.59 were significantly higher than that of the stable stage 15.06-4-9.20 (P＜0.05).There were statistically significant difference in the quantity of inflammatory cell and blood vessels between two stages of melasma (P＜0.05).Erythema index (EI) in active stage of melasma 376.35±61.39 were high-er than that of the stable stage 320.364± 62.40 (P＜0.05).A-value in active stage of melasma 13.28± 1.75 were higher than that of the stable stage 12.34± 1.78 (P＜0.05).However,there were no siginificant differences in the quantity of melenin,melanin index (MI),L-value and B-value.Conclusions Melasma could be divided into active stage or stable stage,respectively,according to its clinical manifestations.DMA score,quantity of inflammatory cells and blood vessels,EI and A-value could be used as the reference index of melasma staging.

Objective: To establish a method for repairing extremities with extensively deep burn using large piece of fresh allogeneic scalp spliced by Meek glue combined with autologous microskin and observe its effect. Methods: Medical records of two male patients with extremely extensive deep burn admitted to our hospital from May to November in 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Two patients aged 44 and 25 years respectively, with total burn area of 90% and 97% total body surface area (TBSA) and full-thickness burn area of 85% and 70% TBSA, respectively. Preoperatively, the surgical area on the extremities was calculated to estimate the necessary amount of allogeneic scalp and Meek miniature skin. The large piece of fresh allogeneic scalp spliced by Meek glue combined with autologous microskin was prepared according to the methods described as follows. Thin medium-thickness fresh scalps with 3% TBSA and 0.30-0.35 mm in depth were harvested from each donor and spliced into a large piece with epidermis upward by spraying Meek glue. Then the spliced scalp was punched after covered with a single-layer gauze. Autologous microskin was transported onto the dermis of fresh large piece of allogeneic scalp by traditional floating method. Bilateral extremities with full-thickness burn of two patients were selected for self-control. The left upper extremity was denoted as treatment group while the right upper extremity was denoted as control group in Patient 1. The right lower extremity was denoted as treatment group while the left lower extremity was denoted as control group in Patient 2. Wounds in the treatment group were treated with fresh large piece of allogeneic scalp spliced by Meek glue and autologous microskin with expansion ratio of 1∶15 after escharectomy, while wounds in control group received grafting of Meek miniature skin with expansion ratio of 1∶6 and or 1∶9 after escharectomy. The donors of allogeneic scalp were 32 males who were the relatives or friends of the patients, aged 21-50 years, with scalp area of (548±48) cm². The healing conditions of donor sites of scalp were observed on post operation day 10, and were followed up within 3 months after operation to observe whether forming alopecia and hypertrophic scar or not. Wound healing condition was evaluated during follow-up in post operation week (POW) 2-5 and 4 months after operation. Wound coverage rates were calculated in both treatment and control groups in POW 2, 3, 4, and 5. Results: The donor sites of all allogeneic scalp of donors healed completely on post operation day 10. There was no alopecia or hypertrophic scar within 3 months after operation for follow-up. In POW 2, allogeneic scalp grafts basically survived in treatment group without obvious exudation, and most of the Meek miniature skin survived in control group with obvious exudation. Part of allogeneic scalp grafts dissolved and detached in treatment group in POW 3, and the surviving grafts scabbed. The eschar detached and new epithelium was observed in treatment group in POW 4 and 5. In POW 3-5, surviving Meek miniature skin in control group creeped and was incorporated, and the wounds shrank. Hypertrophic scar was observed in both treatment and control groups 4 months after operation, without obvious difference in scar as a whole. The wound coverage rates were respectively 84%-98% and 76%-92% in treatment group of two patients in POW 2-5, close to or higher than those of control group (35%-97% and 28%-81%, respectively). Conclusions The study establishes a novel method for splicing fresh allogeneic scalps into a large piece as the covering of microskin, which has good effect for repairing extensively deep burn wounds. Considering that allogeneic skin is scarce, this method may be a new option in clinical treatment for extensively deep burn patients.