Objective:To establish an HPLC-ELSD method for the determination of mahuannin A in ephedrae radix et rhizoma. Methods:The content of mahuannin A was determined by an HPLC-ELSD method on an Alltima TM C18 column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (28∶ 72) with a flow rate of 0. 7 ml·min-1, and the column temperature was 30℃. The temperature of drift tube heater was 105℃ and the flow rate of carrier gas was 2. 8 L·min-1 . Results:The linear range of mahua-nnin A was 42. 56-383. 04 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 8). The average recovery and RSD was 99. 9% and 1. 96%(n=6), respectively. Conclusion:The method is simple and the result is accurate. It can be used for the quality control of ephedrae radix et rhizaoma.

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of the total flavonoids from Ephedrae Radix Et Rhizoma. Methods:The purification method of the total flavonoids from Ephedrae Radix Et Rhizoma was optimized with the yield and content of the total fla-vonoids as the indices. Based on the above research, the process parameters were optimized by an orthogonal test. Results:The opti-mum purification conditions were as follows:the volume fraction of ethanol was 50%, the stirring extraction time was 20 min, and the liquid-solid ratio was 8∶ 1(ml·g-1). Conclusion:The optimum purification technology is simple and reproducible, and suitable for the industrial production.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Chidan Ganxian granules. Methods:TLC was used to identify Paeoni-ae Radix Rubra, Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Herba Saururi and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in Chidan Ganx-ian granules, and the content of paeoniflorin was determined by HPLC. The stationary phase was an Apollo C18 column ( 150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water(12. 5∶87. 5), the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was at 230 nm, and the temperature was 30℃. Results:The characteristic spots of the granules were the same as those of the standard samples without any interference from the negative control. Paeoniflorin had a good linear relationship within the range of 0. 120-1. 436 μg(r=0. 999 4), and the average recovery was 99. 8% with RSD of 1. 80%(n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, ac-curate, reliable and reproducible, which can be used in the quality control of Chidan Ganxian granules.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Herba Euphorbia esulae. Methods:A TLC method was used to identify Herba Euphorbia esulae. An HPLC method was used to determine the content of quercetin with the following conditions: an AlltimaTM C18column(150 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm) was eluted with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.4％ phosphoric acid(30 :70), the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 , the detection wavelength was 360 nm and the column temperature was 35℃. Results:The characteristic spots of samples were the same as those of the standard samples. The linear range of quercetin was 3.194-102.208 μg·ml-1(r=0.9999) and the average recovery was 99. 0％ (RSD=1. 68％, n=6). Conclusion:The method is quick, simple and accurate, which can be used for the quality control of Herba Euphorbia esulae.

Objective: To establish an HPLC-ELSD method for the content determination of rosolic acid in Radix Rubi.Methods: The ELSD-HPLC content determination of rosolic acid was set up using a Vision HT C 18 HL column(250 mm× 4.6 mm ,5 μm), the mobile phase was methanol-0.1% trifluoroacetic acid with a flow rate of 0.8 ml·min-1 , the column temperature was 35℃, the temperature of drift tube heater was 90 ℃ and the gas was with the flow rate of 2.3 L ·min-1 .Results: The linear range of rosolic acid was 0.155-4.346 μg (r=0.999 9).The average recovery was 100.4% with RSD of 1.88% (n =6).Conclusion: The method is simple and accurate.It can be used for the quality control of Radix Rubi.

Objective To discuss application results in early swelling in Pilon fracture by traditional Chinese medicine hot and cold spray with dorsal foot acupoint massage. Methods The 120 clinical datas of patients with Pilon fracture bone surgery in our hospital were analyzed,and divided into the control group and the observation group with 60 coses in each group. The elimination of time in patients with swelling and muscle strength rating of two groups patients with pilon fracture were detected,nursing after 24 h,120 h, the swelling curative effect of two groups patients with pilon frac-ture patients were detected. Results The elimination of time in patients with swelling and muscle strength rating of the observation group patients with pilon fracture were better than control group (t=7.75,χ2=5.13, 3.62, 3.13, 4.95, 24.56), nursing after 24 h, 120 h, the swelling curative effect of the observation patients with Pilon fracture were better than control group, the difference were statistical significance (χ2=14.25,30.81,P<0.05). Conclusion The application results in early swelling in Pilon fracture by traditional Chinese medicine hot and cold spray with dorsal foot acupoint massage, which can obviously eliminate swelling and improve muscle strength,the curative effect is very good,and worth to be used.

Objectivde To explore the efficacy of i-GMS applied to the diabetes patient outside the hospital.Methods Totally 80 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were divided into an experiment group (Group A) and a control group (Group B).Group A executed blood glucose monitoring by Glucose Management App and intelligent blood glucose meter (personal version),and Group B completed monitoring by some portable blood glucose meter.Telephone follow-up was performed once a week,and the two groups were compared on glycated albumin (GA) value 3 weeks after discharging,values of HbA1c,FPG and PG2h 3 months after,the times of blood glucose monitoring and hypoglycaemia as well as the patient satisfaction over the glucose management.Results Group A had the values of GA,HbA1c,FPG and PG2h significantly lower than those of Group B (P＜ 0.05).The times of glucose monitoring and patient satisfaction in Group A were statistically higher than those of Group B,while the incidence rate of hypoglycaemia of the former was lower than that of the latter (P＜0.05).Conclusion I-GMS proves efficient when used for glucose self monitoring and management of the type 2 diabetes mellitus patient.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between infection with L-form of Helicobacter pylori (Hp-L) and the expressions of macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in gastric cancer.

METHODSHp-L was examined in 80 gastric carcinoma and 50 adjacent normal tissues by Gram staining and immunohistochemical staining, and the expressions of MIF, MMP9 and VEGF were detected by immunohistochemical staining; the expression of MIF mRNA was detected by RT-PCR and the expression of MIF, MMP9 and VEGF proteins were detected by Western blotting in 30 fresh gastric cancer tissues and the corresponding adjacent tissues.

RESULTSOf the 80 gastric carcinoma tissues, 57 (71.25%) showed Hp-L positivity detected by both Gram staining and immunohistochemical staining, as compared with a rate of only 14% in the adjacent normal tissues (P<0.05). The gastric carcinoma tissues showed higher expression levels of MIF, MMP9 and VEGF proteins than the corresponding adjacent normal mucosa; the positivity MIF, MMP-9 and VEGF proteins were significantly higher in Hp-L-positive gastric carcinoma than in Hp-L-negative cases (P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between Hp-L positivity and the expressions of MIF, MMP-9 and VEGF (r=0.598, 0.292, 0.341, respectively, P<0.05). The 30 fresh gastric cancer tissues showed also significantly higher MIF mRNA expression and MIF, MMP-9 and VEGF protein expressions than the adjacent tissues (t=3.729, P<0.01). The expressions of MIF and MMP-9 were also related to the clinicopathological factors including lymph node metastasis and depth of invasion (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONInfection with L-form of Hp-L can be an important factor that contributes to the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma, the mechanism of which involves up-regulated expressions of MIF, MMP-9 and VEGF.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; metabolism ; pathology ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; L Forms ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors ; metabolism ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; microbiology ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical phenotype of a family affected with congenital dysfibrinogenemia and potential mutations underlying the disease.

METHODSCoagulation testing and hepatorenal function testing were conducted on 18 individuals from three generations. Plasma fibrinogen was extracted and analyzed with SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. All of the exons and flanking sequences of fibrinogen FGA, FGB, FGG genes were analyzed by PCR, and the products were subjected to Sanger sequencing.

RESULTSHepatorenal function, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time of the proband were all normal. However, his thrombin time was significantly prolonged. Fibrinogen activity was decreased, while the concentration of antigen was in the normal range. The results of his mother, brother, and nephew were similar. DNA sequencing has confirmed that the proband, his mother, brother, and nephew have all carried a g.5877G>A mutation in the exon 8 of the FGG gene, which resulted in replacement of arginine (Arg) by histidine (His) at position 275.

CONCLUSIONThe Arg275His mutation of the fibrinogen gamma chain probably underlies the pathogenesis of congenital dysfibrinogenemia in this family.

Adult ; Afibrinogenemia ; genetics ; metabolism ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; China ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Mutation, Missense ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation