OBJECTIVE To probe current status on protection of occupational exposure for contract workers in supply center of military hospital,therefore to put forward rational suggestion and measure.METHODS Current status among contract workers in supply center of military hospital were investigated by questionnaire with conversation.RESULTS The investigation showed that contract workers in supply center of military hospital had poor recognition on protection of occupational exposure,with higher prevalence of occupational exposure(95%),and short of effective protection against occupational exposure,and without correct and efficient measures once occupational exposure occurred.CONCLUSIONS It is essential to enhance education on occupational exposure protection,establish strict,systemic and periodic training,thus to strengthen self-protection on occupational exposure,therefore to reduce the occurrence of inhospital infection.

Objective To investigate the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase induced (EMMPRIN) in the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods Immunohistochemistry were performed to characterize the EMMPRIN-expressing cells at sites of joint destruction derived from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients.Reverse trancription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to study the existence of EMMPRIN in synovial membrane samples.And it was followed by computer assisted image analysis in order to detect the A values of their experession.Results EMMPRIN immunoreactivity was more intense in RA than in OA synovial membrane (P

OBJECTIVE To seek for an effective,rapid,economic,safety and practical cleaning method,so as to ensure the high quality of sterilization in hospital supply center.METHODS Six hundred moderately contaminated recyclable instruments were divided into three groups randomly,conventional group,experimental group A and experimental group B(two hundred sorts each).The instruments in experimental group A were put into warmed water(40 ℃) for ten minutes first,and that in experimental group B were put into multi-enzyme solution for five minutes first,and then all the instruments in three groups were put into automatic sprinkling cleaning machine to accomplish the cleaning process automatically.After cleaning process,cleaning degree of the instruments and remained blood residues were compared in three groups.RESULTS The cleaning quality in the groups A and B was significantly higher than that of the conventional group,both P

Objective To determine the clinical value of real time interventional ultrasound guidance in family planning reproduction operation.Methods Under the guidance of ultrasound monitoring,522 cases with high risk and difficult uterine operation were undertaken in our department.Results The abdominal endoscopic contraceptive uterine operation under real time ultrasound monitoring was carried out for 522 cases in 4 years,with successful rates for high risk pregnancy as 287/289 cases,high risk troublesome withdrawal of contraceptive ring as 129/130 cases and puzzling uterine operation as 103/103 cases.The total successful rate reached 99.42%,without uterine rupture and other complications.Conclusion The former complex,blind and difficult uterine operations turn to be simple,safe and reliable under the guidance of real time ultrasound.

Objective To study the main risk factors related to the incidence of tuberculosis in China and to provide di -rections and basis for the protection of tuberculosis .Methods The results of 25 studies on the main risk factors of tubercu-losis of Chinese people from 2000 to 2012 were analyzed by meta-analysis method .Results The pooled odds radio values and 95%CI of history of exposure to pulmonary tuberculosis , smoking, marriage, contact with people, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG)vaccination scar, BCG vaccination, low body mass index(BMI) , family history of tuberculosis, exposure to dust and to chemical fumes under working conditions were as follows:3.14(2.74-3.59),1.23(1.14 -1.33),3.05 (2.10-4.45),2.08(1.76-2.26),0.39(0.32 -0.47),0.58(0.46 -0.73),2.95(2.40 -3.64),2.56(1.82 -3.59),2.58(2.04-3.26),and 4.81(1.99-11.60).Conclusion Then History of exposure to pulmonary tuberculosis , smoking, marriage, contact with people , low BMI, family history of tuberculosis , exposure to dust and to chemical fumes under working conditions are considered to be the risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis .While BCG vaccination scar and BCG vaccination are considered to be the protective factors of pulmonary tuberculosis .

BACKGROUNDWe randomly sampled a healthy community to evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors of urinary incontinence.

METHODSThe survey was performed in Fuzhou, China. Of women over twenty years of age in the city, 3.0% were randomly selected and 4684 evaluated by Bristol Female Urinary Tract Symptoms Questionnaire.

RESULTSOf the women in Fuzhou, 19.0% had urinary incontinence. The prevalence of stress incontinence, urge incontinence and mixed incontinence was 16.6% (n = 777), 10.0% (n = 468), 7.7% (n = 360) respectively. The prevalence of the three types of urinary incontinence increased significantly with age (P < 0.01). In multiple logistic models, age (OR, 1.3, 95% CI, 1.1-1.4), vaginal delivery (3.0, 1.9-4.7), parity > 2 (2.1, 1.5-2.9), hypertension (2.7, 1.4-5.6), constipation (2.6, 1.8-3.8), alcohol consumption (4.7, 1.1-20.2), episiotomy (1.7, 1.4-2.0), higher body mass index (BMI, 1.8, 1.5-2.2) and unskilled worker (0.7, 0.5-0.8) were potential risk factors for stress incontinence. Urge incontinence was associated with age (OR, 1.3, 95% CI, 0.9-1.3), menopause (1.6, 1.1-2.4), Caesarean delivery (0.2, 0.1-0.5), parity > 2 (2.6, 1.8-3.8), constipation (2.3, 1.4-3.7), foetal birthweight (1.7, 1.1-2.4), episiotomy (1.4, 1.1-1.8), higher BMI (1.5, 1.2-2.0) and unskilled worker (0.7, 0.5-0.9).

CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of urinary incontinence and its subtypes in Chinese women is lower than that of occidental women. In China, age, vaginal delivery, parity, hypertension, constipation, alcohol consumption, episiotomy, higher BMI are potential risk factors for stress incontinence. Urge incontinence is associated with age, menopause, Caesarean delivery, parity, constipation, foetal birthweight, episiotomy, higher body mass index.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; China ; epidemiology ; Episiotomy ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Incontinence ; epidemiology ; etiology

Adult ; Aged ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology

BACKGROUND: To observe the effects of Chinese medicine (CM) Polygonum cuspidatum (PC) on adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), forkhead box O3α (FOXO3α), Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression in a rat model of uric acid-induced renal damage and to determine the molecular mechanism. METHODS: A rat model of uric acid-induced renal damage was established, and rats were randomly divided into a model group, a positive drug group, and high-, medium-, and low-dose PC groups (n=12 per group). A normal group (n=6) was used as the control. Rats in the normal and model groups were administered distilled water (10 mL•kg) by intragastric infusion. Rats in the positive drug group and the high-, medium-, and low-dose PC groups were administered allopurinol (23.33 mg•kg), and 7.46, 3.73, or 1.87 g•kg•d PC by intragastric infusion, respectively for 6 to 8 weeks. After the intervention, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect AMPK, FOXO3α, TLR4, NLRP3, and MCP-1 mRNA and protein levels in renal tissue or serum. RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, the mRNA transcription levels of AMPK and FOXO3α in the model group were significantly down-regulated, and protein levels of AMPKα1, pAMPKα1 and FOXO3α were significantly down-regulated at the 6th and 8th weeks (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The mRNA transcription and protein levels of TLR4, NLRP3 and MCP-1 were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Compared with the model group, at the 6th week, the mRNA transcription levels of AMPK in the high- and medium-dose groups, and protein expression levels of AMPKα1, pAMPKα1 and FOXO3α in the high-dose PC group, AMPKα1 and pAMPKα1 in the mediumdose PC group, and pAMPKα1 in the low-dose PC group were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01 or P<0.05); the mRNA transcription and protein levels of TLR4 and NLRP3 in the 3 CM groups, and protein expression levels of MCP-1 in the medium- and low-dose PC groups were down-regulated (P<0.01 or P<0.05). At the 8th week, the mRNA transcription levels of AMPK in the high-dose PC group and FOXO3α in the medium-dose PC group, and protein levels of AMPKα1, pAMPKα1 and FOXO3α in the 3 CM groups were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01 or P<0.05); the mRNA transcription levels of TLR4 in the medium- and low-dose PC groups, NLRP3 in the high- and low-dose PC groups and MCP-1 in the medium- and low-dose PC groups, and protein expression levels of TLR4, NLRP3 and MCP-1 in the 3 CM groups were down-regulated (P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSION PC up-regulated the expression of AMPK and its downstream molecule FOXO3α and inhibited the biological activity of TLR4, NLRP3, and MCP-1, key signal molecules in the immunoinflammatory network pathway, which may be the molecular mechanism of PC to improve hyperuricemia-mediated immunoinflflammatory metabolic renal damage.
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases ; physiology ; Animals ; Chemokine CCL2 ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fallopia japonica ; Forkhead Box Protein O3 ; physiology ; Hyperuricemia ; complications ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Uric Acid

Objective:To study the effect of Fuzheng Qufeng prescription （FZQP） on transforming growth factor-β₁ （TGF-β₁）/Smad signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of podocyte in membranous nephropathy （MN） rats and to explore its molecular mechanism for podocyte protection. Method:The rats were randomly divided into normal control group （NC） and modeling group. Rats in modeling group induced by bovine serum albumin （C-BSA） were randomly divided into model group （MN）， losartan potassium group （LP， 0.05g·kg^-1）， and FZQP high dose （FZQPH， 41 g·kg^-1）， medium dose （FZQPM， 20.5 g·kg^-1）， and low dose （FZQPL， 10.25 g·kg^-1） groups. The administration lasted for 4 weeks. In week 0， 2， and 4 of administration， the levels of 24 hours urine protein （24 h-Upro） were tested. At the end of 4th week， the levels of blood urea nitrogen （BUN） and serum creatinine （SCr） were detected， and the rats in each group were sacrificed and the renal pathological morphology changes were observed by light microscope with hematoxylin-eosin （HE）， Masson and periodic acid-silver metheramine （PASM） staining. The deposition of immune complex， the thickening of glomerular basement membrane （GBM） and podocyte foot process were observed by transmission electron microscope （TEM）. The distribution and expression intensity of Desmin in renal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry （IHC）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of TGF-β₁， Smad2/3， phospho（p）-Smad2/3， Smad7 and Desmin in renal tissues were respectively detected by Western blot （WB） and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. Result:Compared with NC group， the levels of 24 h-Upro， BUN and SCr significantly increased in model group （P<0.01）， with increased deposition of immune complex， significantly thickened GBM and fusion of foot processes， significantly increased Desmin mRNA and protein expression （P<0.01） and increased TGF-β₁， Smad2， and Smad3 mRNA and protein expression （P<0.05）， and decreased Smad7 mRNA and protein expression （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Compared with model group， 24 h-Upro and BUN decreased in FZQP groups and LP group （P<0.05）， levels of serum SCr in FZQPM group decreased （P<0.05）， deposition of immune complex， thickening of GBM and fusion of foot process were all alleviated in FZQP groups and LP group. Distribution of Desmin along GBM decreased in FZQPH group， FZQPM group and LP group （P<0.05）. Both mRNA and protein expression levels of TGF-β₁ and p-Smad2/Smad2 in FZQPM group decreased， while mRNA and protein expression levels of Smad7 increased （P<0.05）. Both mRNA and protein expression levels of p-Smad3/Smad3 in FZQPH group decreased （P<0.05）. Both mRNA and protein expression levels of Desmin in podocyte in FZQPH group， FZQPM group and LP group decreased （P<0.05）. Conclusion:FZQP might realize podocyte protection effect in MN via suppressing EMT mediated by overactivated TGF-β₁/Smad signaling pathway.

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common clinical type of epilepsy,which is generally available for drug therapy.Surgical operation will be considered when patients developing into refractory epilepsy.Currently,treatment response evaluation is based on the observation of seizure remission in a certain period,and the real-time and objective evaluation is unavailable.With the improvement of MRI technology and image analysis methods,the multimodal MRI has been widely used to assess the effectiveness of TLE treatment.The progresses of multi-modal MRI and its new technique in assessment of epilepsy remission and cognitive function in TLE patients were reviewed in this article.