Objective To explore the incidence rates of lower respiratory tract infections after general anes-thesia in the elderly orthopedics patients and to analyze the related risk factors.Methods A total of 45 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 479 elderly orthope -dics patients who received general anesthesia were enrolled in the study.The bacterial identification and drug susceptibility testing were preformed after the collection of sputum specimens.The univariate factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the risk factors for the lower respiratory tract infections after general anesthesia,including the age,gender,smoking histo-ry,chronic respiratory diseases history,basic cardiovascular disease,diabetes,mental disease,and endotracheal tube type,anesthesia ventilation time,postoperative extubation time,and postoperative analgesia.Results Smoking history (Wald =5.058,OR =4.618),chronic respiratory diseases history(Wald =37.950,OR =20.507),mental disease (Wald =26.303,OR =75.644),endotrac heal tube type(Wald =9.035,OR =11.758),anesthesia(Wald =15.035, OR =20.163)and postoperative extubation time(Wald =14.243,OR =12.613)were identified as the risk factors for lower respiratory tract infections after general anesthesia in the elderly orthopedics patients (all P <0.05 ). Conclusion Risk factors should be intervened in elderly orthopedics patients who receive general anesthesia,and the antibiotics should be chosen on the basia of the drug susceptibility testing.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression profile of inflammation related genes in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by functional gene chip technique and to probe into the role of correlative genes in pathogenesis of the laryngeal squamous cell cancer and in tumor immunity. METHODS The total RNAs were respectively extracted from two pair samples of laryngeal tumor and the normal tissue around the tumor, and then were reversely transcribed to cDNAs, then synthesized to cRNAs. The cRNAs were labeled with the hybridization probes. The probes were then hybridized with four pieces of inflammation related genes chip. It was chemiluminescently detected and the acquired image was analyzed with special software. RESULTS Forty genes were differently expressed in inflammation related gene profile of laryngeal tumor, among which 22 genes were upregulated and 18 genes were down regulated. Thirteen genes were shown differential expression in both chips with 10 upregulated genes and 3 downregulated genes. CONCLUSION The differently expressed genes in inflammation related gene chips will provide clues and theoretical foundation for the investigation of the relationship between tumor and inflammation, and also the immune pathogenesis of laryngeal tumor. Furthermore CCL-7 may have an important role in the occurrence of laryngeal cancer, and the role of immunity of the pathogenesis of laryngeal tumor needs further studied.

The yeast one hybrid system is the new type system deriving from the yeast two hybrid system to study the interaction between DNA and protein.The principle and the technical line of this system was briefly introduced,and the progress of this system on the research of plant transcription factor gene resistant to osmotic stress was particularly summarized,such as cloning the transcription factor genes of osmosis resistance type;confirming the interaction between known DNA and protein;making sure the localization of the confirmed DNA binding domain with the interaction;also validating the transcription activation of the transcription factor gene.Furthermore,the problems existing in this system on the research of plant transcription factor gene resistant to osmotic stress was analyzed,and the development prospect according to the research was forecasted.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of SleX and CD24 in nasal inverted papilloma and its pathologic features.METHODS HE staining were conducted to study the pathologic features in specimens of 11 cases with nasal inverted papilloma. Further,immunohistochemistry stain for SleX and CD24 were performed in total specimens.RESULTS One case(9.1%) was diagnosed as severe atypical hyperplasia but tumor cells did not invaded basal membranes.SleX staining located at cell membranes. Positive SleX staining was found in 9 specimens (81.8%) and 1 normal nasal epithelium (16.7%).CD24 staining located in cytoplasm.Positive CD24 staining was found in 8 specimens of nasal inverted papilloma (72.7%). CD24 was negative in nasal epithelial cells and only a few lymphocytes were positive.CONCLUSION Some cases of nasal inverted papilloma are diagnosed with severe atypical hyperplasia.Most of cases express CD24,so nasal inverted papilloma may be a borderline tumor.Expression of SleX and infiltration of inflammatory cells suggest that nasal inverted papilloma may be related to inflammatory reactions.

Objective To investigate the correlation between pancreatic nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, cell apoptosis and pancreatic injury. To determine effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on pancreatic injury in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). Methods Thirty-three Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal group, normal saline (NS) group, ANP group, prophylactic and therapeutic groups with NAC randomly. ANP was produced by 3.5% sodium taurocholate retrograde injection. In the prophylactic group, rats received intravenous (i. v.) injection of NAC (300 mg/kg) 1 hour before taurocholate injection and in the therapeutic group, NAC i.v. injection was given 1 hour after sodium taurocholate injection. Animals were sacrificed at 12 hours after induction of pancreatitis. Activation of NF-KB in pancreatic tissues was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA). Cell apoptosis was assessed by modified TUNEL method. The following parameters were also measured: plasma levels of amylase and lipase, pancreatic wet/dry weight ratio and histologic grading. Results Taurocholate pancreatitis is characteristic of necrosis, haemorrhage, and severe leukocyte infiltration in the pancreas. Plasma amylase and lipase levels, pancreatic wet/dry weight ratio increased in rats of ANP. NF-κB banding activity was higher after pancreatitis induction (6.03±0.41). When NAC was given 1 hour before induction of pancreatitis, the activation (3.28±0.42) of NF-κB was prevented with significantly decreased severity of pancreatitis as assessed by amylase, pancreatic wet/dry weight ratio. The number of apoptotic cells in pancreatic tissue sections was greater in rats treated with NAC than in rats not treated with NAC. There was a negative correlation between NF-κB banding activity and apoptosis of pancreatic cells (r=-0.96, P< 0.01) and there was a positive correlation between NF-κB activation and histopathological score (r=0.63, P<0.01). Histopathological score of pancreatic injury had negative correlation with apoptosis of pancreatic cells(r=-0.98, P<0.01). Conclusion Early blocked NF-κB activation with NAC increases cell apoptosis in pancreatic tissue and decreases edema of pancreas and severity of pancreatitis in rats with ANP.

Adult ; Amyloidosis ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; Male ; Recurrence ; Vocal Cords

Objective To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4),and explore its relationship with neurological function after fluid percussion brain injury in rats.Methods 56 adult rats were randomly divided into traumatic brain injury group(TBI group,n=48) and sham operation group(SO group,n=8).The experimental models were established.The water content of edematous brain and the expression of TLR4 were measured with dry-wet measure,immunohistochemistry and Western Blot at 1 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,3 d,7 d after shock respectively.Results Compared with SO group,neuronal function score decreased in TBI group from 6 h(3.86±0.42),reached to the lowest level at 24 h(2.65±0.32),and gradually rose at 3rd day (3.25±0.17).TLR4 immunoreactive expression increased from 6 h,reached its maxmum at 24 h,lasted to 3rd day,and then began to drop at 7th day.The linear regression analysis indicated that expression of TLR4 had negative correlation with change of neuronal function score (r 1 =-0.824,r w =-0.867,P＜0.05).Conclusion TLR4 expression is upregulated following fluid percussion injury in rats and involved in neurological function impairment by inducing secondary inflammatory brain injury.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the surgical approaches for maxillary sinus cyst. METHODS A total of 32 patients with maxillary sinus cyst underwent operation for removal the cysts. Among them, 8 patients with maxillary sinus cyst and sinusitis were operated on through Messerklinger approach, 19 patients with maxillary cyst received modified Caldwell-Luc operation under nasal endoscope and 5 patients received endoscopic removal of maxillary cyst through the maxillary sinus antrostomy at the inferior nasal meatus. RESULTS All the patients were followed up for 6 months to one year. There was no recurrence found in patients received modified Caldwell-Luc operation. There were 2 patients recurred in 8 patients who were operated on through Messerklinger approach and one patient had closure of the maxillary sinus ostium and adhesion of nasal cavity. One patient recurred and 2 lost follow up in 5 patients who received endoscopic removal of maxillary cyst through the maxillary sinus antrostomy at the inferior nasal meatus. CONCLUSION The optimal surgical method for maxillary cyst is modified Caldwell-Luc operation under nasal endoscope. Messerklinger technique may suitable for patients with complicated sinusitis.

Calcineurin inhibitor screening should benefit from the strengths of each method. This paper reviews three calcineurin inhibitor screening methods:yeast positive screening model, yeast reporter gene high through- put screening model and calcineurin activity detection method. We have compared the range of application, advantages and disadvantages of each method, and combined effect of multiple methods. The yeast positive screening model can prevent the false positiveness caused by bacteriostat by using growth zooms instead of inhibition zooms. The yeast reporter gene high through-put screening model is suitable for pilot screening among a wide range of samples and is more efficient than the other methods. The calcineurin activity detection method can directly report the inhibitory ratio to a specific target. This review is expected provide a model-selection reference for the development of novel low-toxic calcineurin inhibitors.

OBJECTIVE: To construct a kind of recombinant plasmid PGCsi-AQP1 delivery with DOPC and explore the inhibit effect of laryngeal carcinoma by RNAi targeting AQP1 in vivo. METHOD: Male BALB/c mice, 6 weeks of age transplanted with laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2, four groups were divided randomly: Tail vein injection group (TVIG), Carcinoma around injection group (CAIG), negative control group (NCG) and blank control group (BCG). The recombinant plasmid PGCsi-AQP1 delivery with DOPC were inject into tail vein or surrounding tumor. HE pathological slides and tumor size were observed and inhibitory rate was figured up. The level of AQP1 protein expression and high microvessel density were detected by Immunohistochemical staining (IHC). RESULT: We constructed BALB/c mice models of laryngeal carcinoma successfully (1) HE staining: cell putrescence, nuclear pyknosis and apoptotic bodies were more in the tumor tissues of experimental groups than two control groups. (2) The total volumes of tumor in experimental group were both smaller than in two control groups (P < 0.01). The inhibition rate of TVIG and CAIG were 52.4% and 53.5% respectively and there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). (3) IHC: the AQP1 positive cells and microvessel density in TVIG and CAIG were both less than in two control groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Neutral lipsomes DOPC could help carriaging the recombinant plasmid PGCsi-AQP1 to tumor and then play an inhibit role in laryngeal carcinoma tissue by RNAi targeting AQP1 in vivo.
Animals ; Aquaporin 1 ; therapeutic use ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Liposomes ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Plasmids ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Random Allocation ; Transfection