OBJECTIVE:To study the distribution characteristics of germacrone from zedoary turmeric oil (ZTO) in each tis-sue of mice,and to provide reference for further application of zedoary turmeric oil. METHODS:30 KM mice were given zedoary turmeric oil 0.5 mL;6 mice were randomly selected 1,2,4,8,12 h after medication,respectively. The contents of germacrone in heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney tissues were determined by HPLC. 15 KM mice were selected,medication and sampling method were same as above;3 mice were collected at each time point respectively. The fluorescence intensity of germacrone in above sections were observed by fluorescence. The same number of mice were selected as control in 2 trials. RESULTS:The con-centration of germacrone in each tissue 1-4 h increased gradually as time and reached the peak value at 4 h. The contents of ger-macrone in liver and spleen were significantly higher than in heart and lung. The concentrations of germacrone in each tissue were ranked as liver>spleen>kidney>heart>lung. The results of fluorescence intensity observation was same as above results. CON-CLUSIONS:Results of 2 methods show same distribution characteristics of germacrone in mice tissues,and indicate that ger-macrone is distributed more in liver,spleen and kidney tissues and less in heart and lung.

Objective To study the rehabilitation effects of the cochlear implants on prelingually deaf children with alba abnormality.Methods A retrospective analysis of the effects of CIs was conducted in the prelingually deaf children of 11 cases of the children with abnormal alba(the research group) and 18 cases of the children who had normal alba(the control group) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian medical university.All the operations were completed by the same doctor.There were no obvious complications during and after the operation.The cochlear implants were turned on after one month and the prelingually deaf children with extremely severe bilateral sensorineural deafness were trained for speech at the rehabilitation centre.The assessment criteria of the categories of auditory performance(CAP) and speech intelligibility rate(SIR) were used.After six months and twelve months of the operation, the family members were followed who have direct contacts with the children.The evaluation of data between the research and the control groups was administered.Results In the research group, the average level of CAP after six months'' post-operation was 2.41±0.47.But in the control group, the average level was 3.28±0.45.In the research group, the average level of SIR after six months'' post-operation was 1.27±0.44.There were 3 children in the research group at level 2, but in the control group, the average level was 1.89±0.31.Two children in the control group were level 1 while the others were level 2.In the research group, the average level of CAP after twelve months'' post-operation was 4.00±0.43 while only one child at level 3.There was one child at level 5 in the research group, the rest were level 4.There was a statistically significant difference in the average level of the CAP after six months'' post-operation(t=4.983, P<0.05) and in the average level of the SIR after six months'' post-operation(t=4.371, P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the average level of the CAP after twelve months'' post-operation(t=1.033, P>0.05) and in the average level of the SIR after twelve months'' post-operation(t=0.434, P>0.05).Conclusion There is no significant difference of the rehabilitation effects of post-operation between the prelingually deaf children with alba abnormality and those with normal alba.

Objective To explore the pathogenesis of Hirayama disease from juvenile cervical curvature and growth rate.Methods Totally 60 patients diagnosed with Hirayama disease (HD) from 2009 to 2011 in our hospital were included in the present study.Patient's height and growth rate 1-2 years prior to the onset of disease were recalled by patients and family members.Lateral cervical X-ray was examined,and cervical curvature was measured by Borden's method.Results All the patients were adolescents with onset age at 12-25 (17.0 ± 2.4) years old and peak age of onset at 15-18 [45 cases (75.0％)].Fifty-seven cases were male and 3 cases were female.Cervical MRI examination of the 60 cases showed that the spinal cord atrophy involving C4-C8 vertebral level.The C line values for cervical curvature by Borden's method of the patients was 2.6 (1.2,4.2) mm.Among 60 patients,57 of them were with abnormal cervical curvature.The average height growth rate 1 year prior to the onset was (7.1 ± 1.8) cm.Conclusions The clinical manifestations that featured in overgrowth in the first two years and abnormal cervical vertebra curvature are possible related with pathogenesis of HD.HD is possibly a cervical spinal cord compression disease,which is associated with cervical spinal dysplasia during juvenile growth.

Objective This study was conducted to investigate the clinical outcomes and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to the single-opened vessel lesion among patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Methods Twenty-seven patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction (ejection fraction≤35%) undergoing PCI were included. All the patients received PCI only to the single-opened vessel lesion under the conditions of: (1) There were limitations to open chronic total occlusion (CTO);(2) Single-opened vessel lesion was not calcified and tortuous. Clinical outcomes, including success rate of PCI, changes of symptoms in-hospital, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) pre-and one week post-PCI, the major adverse cardiac events (MACE, including death, myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularization) at 30-days after discharged were observed. Results The success rate of PCI was obtained in all 27 patients(100%), and all the patients received drug eluting stent implantation. The symptoms improvement occurred in all patients and the NYHA class improved from grade Ⅳto grade Ⅲin 22 patients(81.5%) in-hospital. Significant differences were noted in the mean BNP and LVEF between pre-PCI and one week post-PCI, BNP[(2699.6±1104.7) pg/ml vs. (737.0 ± 261.7) pg/ml, P<0.05],LVEF[(26.9±5.7)%vs. (36.0±3.41)%, P<0.05)]. No MACE happened in-hospital and at 30-days follow up. Conclusions PCI only to the single-opened vessel lesion among patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction under the condition of limitations to open CTO is safe and can significantly improve clinical outcomes in-hospital and at 30-days follow up, but it must be emphasized that single-opened vessel lesion not with obvious calcification and tortuosity.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the technology conditions of water-soluble chitosan on Huang'e gel water extract solu-tion. METHODS:Using the comprehensive scores of transmittance ratio,impurity removal rate,naringin retention rate as indexes, Box-Behnken response surface method was used to optimize the amount of water-soluble chitosan,shocking time and temperature in clarifying technology,and verification test was conducted. RESULTS:The clarification effect was the best when the volume ra-tio of TCM extract solution with proportion ≥1.3 to amount of 0.01 g/mL water-soluble chitosan was 2.2,shocking for 100 min at 70 ℃. In the verification test,the average transmittance ratio was 87.3%,impurity removal rate was 41.5%,and naringin reten-tion rate was 131.38%. The measured values of comprehensive scores were 97.35%,98.92% and 98.04%,showing relative error of -0.87%,0.73% and -0.16% with the predicted values(98.27%),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method can effectively optimize the clarification technology parameters of water-soluble chitosan on Huang'e gel water extract solution.

Objective To evaluate the modifying efficacy of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block combined with general anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.Methods Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged 65-80 yr,with body mass index of 18.5-24.0 kg/m2,scheduled for elective abdominal laparoscopic surgery,were divided into 2 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:general anesthesia group (group GA) and TAP block combined with general anesthesia group (group TAP+GA).In group TAP+GA,bilateral TAP block was performed using the posterior approach,and 0.25％ ropivacaine 20 ml was injected into the two sides.Anesthesia was induced with Ⅳ midazolam,etomidate,sufentanil and cisatracurium besylate.Anesthesia was maintained using total intravenous anesthesia.When postoperative visual analog scale score ≥4,dezocine 5 mg was intravenously injected for analgesia.At 5 rmin after admission to the operating room,at 2 min after skin incision and at the end of pneumoperitoneum,venous blood samples were collected for determination of plasma norepinephrine concentrations.The intraoperative consumption of propofol and remifentanil and intraoperative requirement for sufentanil and postoperative requirement for dezocine were recorded.The development of adverse reactions was also recorded.Results Compared with group GA,the plasma norepinephrine concentrations were significantly decreased at 2 min after skin incision and at the end of pneumoperitoneum,the intraoperative consumption of propofol and remifentanil was reduced,the intraoperative requirement for sufentanil and postoperative requirement for dezocine were decreased (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the incidence of adverse reactions in group TAP+GA (P＞0.05).Conclusion When TAP block combined with general anesthesia is used in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery,it is helpful in carrying out anesthetic model of low-consumption opioids and more helpful in inhibiting intraoperative stress responses and postoperative pain responses than general anesthesia alone.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in es-tradiol(E2 ) induced advance of puberty onset in rats. METHODS Postnatal day 18 SD rats were given a daily intragastric administration of corn oil or E2(50 μg.kg-1 ) for consecutive 5 d. The day of vaginal opening (VO), pathological changes in ovary and protein expression levels of GnRH, G protein-coupled receptor 54 ( GPR54) and phospholipase C ( PLC) in hypothalamus were observed. RESULTS As compared to corn oil controll group, VO was advanced by about 12.2 d, corpus luteum was observed in the ovary section, and the protein expression levels of GnRH,GPR54 and PLC in hypothalamus were significantly increased by 47%, 55% and 56% in E2 group, respectively. CONCLUSION E2 induced onset of puberty advance may be closely related to regulation of the expression of GnRH, GPR54 and PLC in hypothalamus.

Objective:To compare the effects of different acupoint compatibility on the efficacy of acupuncture-drug balanced anesthesia in the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods:A total of 140 patients of both sexes, aged 18-64 yr, with body mass index of 18.5-24.0 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ, undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia, were divided into 4 groups ( n=35 each) by a random number table method: general anesthesia group (group A), Hegu plus Neiguan group (group B), Hegu plus Neiguan plus Zusanli group (group C), and Hegu plus Neiguan plus Zusanli plus Sanyinjiao group (group D). Group B, group C and group D underwent percutaneous electrical stimulation of the corresponding acupoints from 30 min before induction of anesthesia to the end of operation, with a frequency of 2/100 Hz and disperse-dense waves.The intensity of stimulation was the maximum current that patients could tolerate.The intraoperative consumption of propofol and remifentanil and requirement for rescue analgesia were recorded.Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at 24 h before surgery and 24, 48 and 72 h after surgery.The extubation time and postoperative length of hospital stay were recorded.Adverse events such as intraoperative hypertension, hypotension, bradycardia and tachycardia were recorded. Results:Compared with group A, the intraoperative consumption of propofol and remifentanil and postoperative requirement for rescue analgesia were significantly reduced, the extubation time and postoperative length of hospital stay were shortened, and PSQI was decreased at 24 and 48 h after surgery in B, C and D groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group B and group C, PSQI was significantly decreased at 24 and 48 h after surgery, and postoperative hospitalization time was shortened in group D ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the PSQI and incidence of intraoperative hypertension, hypotension, bradycardia and tachycardia among the four groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Combination of Hegu, Neiguan, Zusanli and Sanyinjiao has a better effect on the efficacy of acupuncture-drug balanced anesthesia in the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of inhaled aerosolized budesonide and salbutamol on lung function during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in rabbits.Methods:Thirty-two healthy male New Zealand white rabbits, aged 5-6 months, weighing 2.5-3.0 kg, were randomized into 4 groups ( n=8 each) using a random number table method: two-lung ventilation (TLV) group, OLV group, inhalation of aerosolized budesonide group (group B) and inhalation of aerosolized budesonide and salbutamol group (group B+ S). Bilateral lungs were ventilated for 3 h in group TLV, the left lung was ventilated for 2 h followed by 1-h TLV in OLV, B and B+ S groups, aerosolized budesonide 1 mg (diluted to 2 ml in normal saline) was inhaled before OLV in group B, and aerosolized salbutamol 0.15 mg/kg plus budesonide 0.5 mg was inhaled before OLV in group B+ S.The equal volume of aerosolized normal saline was delivered in TLV and OLV groups.Volume-controlled ventilation was used in all groups.Arterial blood samples were obtained for blood gas analysis before aerosol inhalation (T 0), 15 min and 1 h after aerosol inhalation (T 1, 2), and at the end of ventilation (T 3). Oxygenation index was calculated.Mixed venous blood samples were collected to determine the corresponding parameters.The pulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt) was calculated.Peak airway pressure (P peak), airway platform pressure (P plat), airway resistance (Raw), and lung compliance (C dyn) were continuously monitored and recorded at T 0-T 3. Results:Compared with group TLV, the concentration of lactic acid was significantly increased at T 2, 3, oxygenation index and C dyn were decreased at T 1-3, and Qs/Qt, Raw, P plat and P peak were increased in OLV, B and B+ S groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group OLV, the concentration of lactic acid was significantly decreased at T 2, 3, oxygenation index and C dyn were increased at T 1-3, and Qs/Qt, Raw, P plat and P peak were decreased in B and B+ S groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group BD, the C dyn was significantly increased at T 1-3, and Qs/Qt, Raw and P peak were decreased in group B+ S ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Inhaled aerosolized budesonide and salbutamol can effectively improve lung function during OLV in rabbits.