AIM:To investigate the protective effect of hyperoside (Hyp) on Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia (MPP) mice and the underlying regulatory mechanism.METHODS:BALB/c mice (n=40) were randomly divided into control group, model group, low-dose (12.5 mg/kg) Hyp group and high-dose (50 mg/kg) Hyp group.The MPP model was established using MP standard strains (MPFH) through nasal dripping.The treatment started on the second day, and the follow-up experiments were performed after 3 d.The lung histopathology were detected by HE staining.The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) in the serum, and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in the lung tissues were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer.ELISA and Western blot were used to detect interleukine-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in the serum and lung tissues, respectively.The expression of NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 at mRNA and protein levels was evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with control group, the inflammation and alveolar interstitial widening were observed in the lung tissues of model mice, and the CRP, ALT, AST, LDH and CK-MB levels were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05).The ROS level was increased, while SOD and GSH levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05).The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and TNF-α were markedly up-regulated (P<0.05).The protein expression of NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 was also obviously increased (P<0.05) in model group.Compared with model group, the symptoms above were significantly relieved in Hyp group, and the effect of high-dose Hyp was more apparent than that of the low-dose one.CONCLUSION:Hyperoside suppresses the injury in MPP mice, which may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Objective:To investigate the effect of intensive hypoglycemic therapy on the frequency of recurrent periodontitis in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Totally 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and recurrent periodontal disease were randomly divided into group A and group B. Group A was treated with the periodontal basic therapy combined with the convention-al hypoglycemic therapy. Group B was treated with the periodontal basic therapy combined with the intensive hypoglycemic therapy. Af-ter 6-month treatment,the change of the probing depth of the periodontal pocket, sulcus bleeding index, incidence frequency, recovery course, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and serum C-reactive protein levels were measured before and after treatment. Results:After the treatment, the indices were improved in group A except body mass index and fasting blood glucose (P<0. 05), and in group B, the indices were improved except body mass index (P<0. 05), and the probing depth of the periodontal pocket, sulcus bleeding index, incidence frequency, body mass index, serum C-reactive protein levels, glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose of the patients in group B were all better than those in group A (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Periodontal basic thera-py combined with intensive hypoglycemic therapy can effectively improve the periodontal health of diabetic patients, shorten the recov-ery treatment of periodontal disease, reduce the incidence frequency, and reduce blood glucose as well.

Objective:To study the structural damage of cerebral white matter in patients with chronic migraine (CM) using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and analyze its correlation with clinical data.Methods:Sixty CM patients, enrolled from Outpatient of Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2020 to December 2022, were chosen; and from October 2020 to June 2022, 60 healthy controls matched with age and gender were recruited socially. All subjects accepted whole brain DTI. DTI data were automatically processed by PANDA and FSL softwares, differences of whole brain DTI data between CM patients and healthy controls were compared by atlas-based analysis (ABA) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), and correlations of clinical features with ABA results were analyzed by Pearson correlation in CM patients.Results:In ABA, compared with the healthy control group, the CM group had significantly decreased FA values in the bilateral cerebral peduncles, left inferior cerebellar peduncles, right superior cerebellar peduncles, bilateral medial thalamic tracts, bilateral tapetum (the inner sagittal layer of the corpus callosum), bilateral hook bundles, and right posterior limb of the internal capsule ( P<0.05); compared with the healthy control group, the CM group had significantly increased mean diffusivity (MD) in the right cingulate gyrus and posterior part of the internal lenticular nucleus, statistically decreased axial diffusivity (AD) in the bilateral cerebral peduncles, bilateral medial thalamic tracts, and right cingulate gyrus ( P<0.05); compared with the healthy control group, the CM group had significantly increased radial diffusivity (RD) in the left tapetum, left inferior cerebellar peduncles, and cerebral peduncles ( P<0.05). In TBSS, no differences in FA, MD, RD and AD in the white matter fiber skeleton were noted between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). In CM patients, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were negatively correlated with FA in the left subiculum, left medial colliculus and right cerebral peduncle, AD in the right cerebral peduncle, and RD in the left tapetum ( P<0.05); disease duration was negatively correlated with FA in the left subiculum peduncle and positively correlated with RD in the left subiculum peduncle ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Notwithstanding the structural damage of cerebral white matter in CM patients, the white matter fiber skeleton remains unaltered from normal subjects, without pathological damage of the fiber skeleton. Structural changes in the brainstem, cerebellum and corpus callosum are associated with VAS scores and disease duration, and may be important factors for CM pathogenesis.

Objectives To conduct grading comparison for the damage degree of pyramidal tracts after procedure in patients with unilateral hypertensive putamen hemorrhage via transsylvian-transinsular (TS-TI) approach and transcortical transtemporal (TC-TF) approach using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and to evaluate the postoperative recovery of the patients according to the quality criteria of the activities of daily living (ADL),and to identify the advantages and disadvantages of both surgical approaches.Methods Sixty-three consecutive patients with first onset of unilateral hypertensive basal ganglia putamen hemorrhage admitted to Department of Neumlsurgery in Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were enrolled prospectively.The volume of hematoma at admission was 26-45 ml.They were randomly divided into group A and group B by random number table.The patients in group A (n =31) were treated via the TS-TI approach,and those of group B (n =32) were treated via the TC-TT approach.The operator was the same surgeon.The patients of rebleeding were excluded (4 in group A,7 in group B),and 52 patients were actually included,including 27 in group A and 25 in group B.The DTI examinations were perforrned 5 to 8 d after procedure.The image data were processed by PHILIPS Extended MR Workspace 2.6.3.4 (EMW 2.6.3.4) software.The bilateral pyramidal tracts were reconstructed,the damage degree of pyramidal tract and its relationship with hematoma and surgical approach were observe respectively.The ADL quality criteria were used to evaluate the recovery at 3 months after procedure.The SPSS 17.0 software was used to conduct rank sum test for the pyramidal tract injury grade after procedure in both groups.The number of rebleeding in the operation areas and the ADL quality criteria evaluation were tested by Chi-squared test.Results There was no significant difference in the postoperative rebleeding rate between group A (12.9％,4/31) and group B (21.9％,7/32) (x2 =0.367,P =0.545).The postoperative pyramidal tract damage degree of group A was better than that of group B.There was significant difference (U =180.00,P =0.004).The comparison of ADL quality evaluation in both groups after procedure showed that the good prognosis rate (81.5％,22/27) of group A after procedure was better than that of group B (56.0％,14/25).There was significant difference (x2 =3.957,P =0.047).Conclusions The three-dimensional relationship between the hematoma lesions and the pyramidal tracts was observed by DTI,the damage degree of the pyramidal tracts were identified.The TS-TI approach was superior to the TC-TF approach in the postoperative damage degree of pyramidal tract and the quality of ADL for the treatment of hypertensive putamen hemorrhage.

Objective:To explore the effect of minimally invasive hematoma puncture and drainage in the treatment of elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage by using 3D slicer and Sina software to conduct 3D reconstruction and preoperative localization of intracerebral hematoma.Methods:A total of 74 elderly patients with a first-onset intracerebral hematoma aged ≥75 years, having surgical indications and stable vital signs were grouped into 3D slicer plus Sina software localization group(as group A, n=40)or CT localization group(as group B, n=34). Based on the localization, hematoma puncture and drainage were performed after local anesthesia.Preoperative preparation time, hematoma location, puncture success rate, postoperative hematoma clearance rate, postoperative re-bleeding rate and GCS score were statistically analyzed.Glasgow coma scale(GCS)scores were used in predicting the mortality.Results:The preoperative preparation time was significantly shorter in group A than in group B[(5.5±3.4)min vs.(8.5±2.7)min, t=3.337, P=0.001]. The success rate of hematoma puncture and drainage(90.0% and 70.6%, χ2=4.51, P=0.034)and postoperative hematoma clearance rate[(87.5±3.4)% and(80.3±2.7)%, t=10.10, P=0.000]were higher in group A than in group B. There were no significant differences in operative time, the accuracy of hematoma localization, re-bleeding rate and GCS score between the two groups( P>0.05). Conclusions:3D slicer plus Sina software can precisely locate the intracerebral hematoma, and minimally invasive hematoma puncture and drainage of intracerebral hematoma under local anesthesia were safe and effective in the treatment of elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective We attempted to investigate optic radiation (OR) injury and visual field mean defect (MD) in patients with hypertensive putaminal hemorrhage by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods Thirty-three first onset of patients with hypertensive putaminal hemorrhage and 30 normal healthy control subjects were recruited. DTI data were acquired between 3 and 5 days as well as 3 months after onset. DTI-Studio software was used to reconstruct the OR and examine the degree of OR injury (typeⅠ, Ⅱ, and type Ⅲ). Fractional anisotropies (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)values of the ORs were measured. Statistical analysis was performed to calculate hematoma volume, MD,OR-FA and ADC values by using SPSS 17.0 software. Results FA and ADC values of ORs were not significantly different between the two hemispheres in normal control groups (student t-test, P>0.05). Compared with MD values in control group, the visual field was significantly impaired in patients group (P<0.01). FA and ADC values of ORs were significantly different between two hemispheres in patient group (student t-test, P<0.01). There was no correlation of hematoma volume with OR-FA nor with ADC values nor with MD values (P>0.05). The MD values were correlated with OR-FA and ADC values after onset(P<0.05). MD, FA and ADC values of ORs in the affected hemisphere of the patient group were significantly different for the three OR types between 3 and 5 days as well as 3 months after onset (P<0.01). Conclusion DTI can examine the three-dimensional relationship between hematoma and OR, reflect the changes of OR morphology and predict the degree of visual-field defects.