BACKGROUND:Different structures of matrix models, such as grating, holes and pil ars make different effects on the differentiation of neural stem cel s. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of the diameter and spacing, known as physical signals of micro pil ars on neural stem cel differentiation. METHODS:Micro pil ars with different diameters and spacing, both of which had four dimensions of 2.5, 5, 10 and 20μm, were fabricated on silicon substrates by photolithographic method. Purified primary neural stem cel s were incubated on the each micro pil ar for 7 days in vitro. Then the differentiation of neural stem cel s into neuron-like cel s was observed using immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:When the diameters of the micro pil ars were constant and the spacing of micro pil ars varied in the range of 2.5-10μm, the differentiation rate of neural stem cel s increased with the spacing increase. When the spacing was invariable and the diameters changed in the range of 2.5-20μm, the differentiation rate of neural stem cel s declined with the diameter increase. Especial y, the micro pil ars with 2.5μm diameter and 10μm spacing significantly promoted the differentiation of neural stem cel s into neuron-like cel s. These results show that specific micro pil ars with smal diameters and large spacing facilitate the differentiation of neural stem cel s, thus providing guidance for developing tissue-engineered scaffolds.

Objective To study efficiency and safety of fondaparinux and Enoxaparin in treatment of Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) having undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods One thousand and sixty ACS patients (945 with unstable angina, 115 with AMI) having undergone PCI in Henan provincial hospital from July 2011 to July 2013 were randomized into two groups treated with fondaparinux or enoxaparin respectively. Apart from treatment with oral aspirin and clopidogrel, those in the former group were treated with fondaparinux (2.5 mg IH QD) and the latter with enoxaparin (60 mg IH Q12H) subcutaneously for 2 days before operation, both suspended for 12 h before the operation. All of the patients were given heparin (60 IU/kg) during the operation. After the operation, the therapies with fondaparinux (2.5 mg IH QD) and enoxaparin (60 mg IH Q12H) were resumed subcutaneously for 3 days. Perioperative observation and follow-ups were made in terms of hemorrhage, thrombosis and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in the patients during the hospitalization period, 2 and 4 weeks after operation. Results Fondaparinux and enoxaparin are both effective on anticoagulation for the patients after PCI. There was no significant difference about the incidence of MACE between the two groups (P > 0.05). But, fondaparinux group had lower incidence of hemorrhage than enoxaparin group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Fondaparinux and enoxaparin both have good anticoagulant activity in Chinese patients with ACS undergoing PCI, but fondaparinux may lower the risk of hemorrhage compared to enoxaparin.

OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the bleeding sites and the major blood supply in patients with hidden epistaxis. METHODS The clinical data of 106 patients with hidden epistaxis were studied retrospectively. The bleeding sites and hemorrhagic focus was not found by routine anterior nasoscope examination was defined as hidden epistaxis. The bleeding sites were located and the bleeding was stopped under nasal endoscope. RESULTS The hemorrhagic foci were found in the following sites: 55.7%(59/106)at the top of inferior meatus, 33.0% (35/106)middle turbinate and the top of middle meatus, 9.4%(10/106)olfactory cleft and the nasal septum, and 1.9%(2/106)unknown. The bleeding sites were found and the bleeding was stopped with radiofrequency under nasal endoscope in 104 cases. Bleeding was stopped by treatment once in 102 cases(96.2%)and treatment twice in 2 cases(1.9%). All the patients were followed up for over one month without recurrence and the cure rate was 98.1%. Bleeding sites were not found in 2 cases because of heavy damage of the nasal mucosa. CONCLUSION ①The majority of hidden epistaxis is supplied by the sphenopalatine artery. ②To find the bleeding sites and stop the bleeding in hidden epistaxis patients under nasal endoscope using radiofrequency is effective, minimally invasive and worth of clinic application extensively.

Objective:To investigate the effect of prison police's job burnout on their life satisfaction and the role of psychological detachment between them.Methods:Questionnaire survey was conducted among 253 prison policemen in Henan Province with the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS,including emotional exhaustion,cynicism,and reduced personal accomplishment),Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Psychological Detachment Questionnaire (PDQ).Results:The MBI-GS total scores and the scores of its three dimensions were negatively correlated with SWLS scores (r ＝-0.41,-0.38,-0.36,-0.21,Ps ＜0.001),PDQ scores were negatively correlated with MBI-GS total scores and emotional exhaustion scores (r ＝-0.21,-0.31,Ps ＜ 0.001),but positively correlated with SWLS scores (r ＝ 0.22,P ＜ 0.001).Psychological detachment played a moderating role between job burnout and life satisfaction (β ＝ 0.58,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion:It suggests that prison police's job burnout may reduce their life satisfaction,and psychological detachment can moderate the influence of job burnout on life satisfaction.

Cancer pain is the most important factor affecting the cancer patients' quality of life, and the approach to relieve and control cancer pain is becoming the focus. Pain mechanism research can offer solutions to pain treatment, such as blocking the happening and conduction of analgesia. The earliest μ, κ, σopioid receptors were found in the research of morphine and opioid peptides, especially μ receptor's leading role in pain treatment. Currently, μ opioid agonist is basically used in clinical pain treatment. Morphine, the third level drug, is still the classic pain therapy drugs. Novel drugs such as fentanyl transdermal and controlled-release oxycodone provide new ideas for the pain ease. Opioid combined with non-opioid drugs, the change of opioid drugs delivery way and joint application of controlled release drug and relievers, have dramatically reduced opioid drugs' side effects.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of GJB2 mutations in newborns and provide clinical experience for newborn genetic screening. METHOD: Blood samples of 23 836 newborns in Beijing from March 2012 to December 2013 were screened for hot spot mutations of GJB2 associated with hearing loss. The genetic screening results were comprehensively analyzed with hearing results in genetic counseling. RESULT: One or two pathogenic mutations of GJB2 were spotted in 622(2. 61%) individuals. Among them, numbers of newborns with 1 mutation of c. 35deiG,c. 176191 del16,c. 235delC and c. 299300 delAT were 3,26,467 and 120. One compound heterozygote, and 5 homozygotes were also identified. Five hundred and fifty(88. 6%)newborns were followed up by telephones and SMS (short message service) and 325 newborns visit our genetic clinic regularly which were regarded as the research object. In the hearing screening, the referral rate for hearing loss in the first-step screening was 13.8% (45/325), and became 9.2% (30/325) upon retesting. Nine newborns (2. 8%) were diagnosed as hearing loss of different degrees as early as 3 months old,including 6 homozygous/compound heterozygote and 3 heterozygotes. CONCLUSION Patients with GJB2 mutations have various phenotype. Newborns with homozygous/compound heterozygous GJB2 mutations may pass the hearing screening at first. Carriers of GJB2 may also have hearing problems. The combination of genetic and audiological screening can play an important role in deafness detections of infants before key period of speech development.
Base Sequence ; Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; Deafness ; genetics ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genetic Testing ; Hearing Loss ; genetics ; Hearing Tests ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mutation ; Neonatal Screening ; Prevalence

Objective To observe the effects of atorvastatin on the microglia activation after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Sixty adult male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into sham group, atorvastatin group and saline group, 20 mice for each group. The atorvastatin group and saline group were given hydraulic combat to establish TBI mouse model. The shame group underwent the same surgical procedure without being exposed to percussion injury. The atorvastatin group was treated with atorvastatin (orally, 1 mg/kg)1 h after TBI and for 7 consecutive days. The saline group was given sa?line orally. The expression of microglia (Iba-1+) at the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day after TBI and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) around the lesion at the 3rd day after TBI were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-αwas detected by Western blot assay at the 3rd day after TBI. Results The positive expression of Iba-1+microglia was signifi?cantly decreased in atorvastatin group than that of saline group at the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day after TBI (80.00±7.44 vs. 118.40± 6.65,85.60±10.87 vs. 189.00±7.51,69.40±5.54 vs. 102.40±10.89, P<0.05). The positive expression of MMP-9 was signifi?cantly decreased in atorvastatin group compared with that of saline group at the 3rd day after TBI (86.80 ± 8.40 vs. 133.80 ± 8.46, P<0.05). Results of Western blot assay showed that the positive expression of TNF-αwas significantly decreased in astorvastatin group than that of saline group at the 3rd day after TBI (0.64±0.01 vs. 0.97±0.02,P<0.05). Conclusion Ator?vastatin can reduce inflammation factor by influencing the microglia activation after TBI in mice.

Objective To observe the modulatory effects of NF-κB on dynamic changes of TNF-α、IL-1β and ICAM-1 in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP),and to assess the effects of pretreatment with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on them.Methods A total of 104 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group,sham operation group,SAP group and MMF group.(1) In normal group,rats had just an incision on abdomen wall and sutured (n =8) ; (2) In sham operation group,rats underwent laparotomy with flipping over the pancreas and gendy striking five times by using blunt instrument and abdomen was closed (n =32); (3) In SAP group,SAP in rats was induced by the retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate (STC) into the pancreatic duct (n =32) ; (4) In MMF group,MMF (250mg/kg)was injected intraperitoneally one hours after injection of STC (n =32).Rats were saerificed by abdominalaorta exsanguination separately at intervals of 3,6,12 and 24 h after modeling of pancreatitis.Histologic score of pancreatic tissue was assessed,and serum amylase (AMS) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP)were measured by automatic biochemical detector.The serum levels of inflammatory cyctokines (TNF-α,1L-1β and 1CAM-1 ) were measured by using ELISA,and expression of NF-κB mRNA in pancreatic tissue was measured by using quantitative PCR.Results Compared with sham operation group,histologic score of pancreatic tissue,serum amylase,TNF-α、IL-1β and ICAM-1 in SAP group were increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05 ).Pretreatment with MMF obviously deceased histologic score,and the serum levels of amylase,TNF-α,IL-1β and ICAM-1 and the expression of NF-κB mRNA were higher than those in SAP group in early stage (P ＜0.05 ).Conclusions Cytokines play an important role in early stage of SAP.MMF could attenuate the severity of inflammatory response through inhibiting cellular immunity and modulating the proinflammatory cytokines produced.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of differentiated thyroid cancer diagnosed during pregnancy or one year after delivery.MethodsA total of 234 women with differentiated thyroid cancer were treated from January 2001 to January 2011.Cases were divided into three groups according to the time of tumor diagnosis( group 1,no pregnancy history; group 2,during pregnancy or in the first year after delivery;group 3,longer than 1 year after the delivery).ResultsThe thyroid nodule was asymptomatic and discovered on routine examination more often in group 2(78.7％ ) than other two groups (P =0.02).There were no significant difference among three groups in age,hospitalization time,operation time,operation method,tumor type,primary tumor stage and mortality. But more patients in group 2 were suffering from extrathyroid invasion ( P =0.024 ),multi-focal cancer ( P =0.023 ),larger cervical lymph node ( P =0.021 ),later regional lymph node stage (P =0.020 ) and higher local recurrence (P =0.001 ).By stepwise logistic regression analysis,pregnancy is one of the factors impacting on local recurrence rate ( P =0.045 ).ConclusionsPregnancy does not affect the mortality of the differentiated thyroid cancer,but the incidence of extrathyroid invasion,multi-focal cancer,cervical lymph node metastasis,local recurrence is higher in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer diagnosed during pregnancy.