Objective To study the causes for dysphoria and discuss the medication methods of controlling the dysphoria in craniocerebral injury patients. Methods First, craniocerebral injury patients were grouped to analyze the causes for their dyshoria. Then, the patients were injected with Tramadol (1 mg/kg), Droperidol (0.05 mg/kg) and Midazolam (0.1 mg/kg). Successively, analgestic pump containing combined Tramadol that included Tramadol (15 mg/kg), Droperidol (0.15 mg/kg), Midazolam (0.4 mg/kg) and 100 ml 10 g/L Procaine was used for 50 hours, (1.5-2.5) ml/h, continuously. The medication time ranged from 40 hours to 160 hours. Results Of 71 patients with dysphoria, 43 patients with grades Ⅰ and Ⅱ dysphoria were under complete control, 19 with grade Ⅲ dysphoria (eight were injected with more load) under basic control, one with grade Ⅳ dysphoria under control and eight degraded to grade Ⅱ dysphoria but needed additional load. Of all, 63 patients were successfully controlled (89%) and eight (11%) got better, with effectiveness rate of 100%. Blood pressure, heart rate and breath remained clam, which was good for oxygen transferring to brain and reducing of encephalic pressure. Conclusions The causes for dysphoria in craniocerebral injury patients include stimulation of pain and acute psychopathic impediment. Continuous injection of Tramadol via analgesic pump is an ideal medication methhod for analgesia and sedation, for it can not only hold blood and medicament in invariableness, but also make the patients quiet, without bad reaction or affecting process of regaining consciousness.

Objective To investigate the effects of nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV) on proliferation,adhesion,migration and invasion of remal cell curcinomai (RCC) cells. Methods We constructed a NOV expression plasmid and transfected the plasmid into RCC cell line 786-O and analyzed the effects of NOV expression on proliferation,adhesion,migration and invasion of RCC cells by growth curve assay,WST-1 assay,cell adhesion assay,matrigel invasion assay and transwell migration assay. Results The stable NOV transfected 786-O cells (786-O-NOV) showed decreased growth rate,at 48 h and 72 h,the proliferation activities of 786-O-NOV cells were inhibited by 29.14％ and 32.46％ the proliferation activities of empty vector cells were inhibited by 9.25％ and - 8.16％,respectively,compared to 786-O cells (P ＜0.05); while the 786-O cells transfected with empty vector (786-O-mock) had no difference with 786-Ocells.Adhesion assay indicated significantly increased adhesion of 786-O-NOV cells to fibronectin (0.26 ±0.03) and laminin (0.28 ±0.04),compared to 786-O cells (0.15 ±0.01,0.12±0.10) and 786-O-mock cells (0.14 ±0.02,0.13 ± 0.08).Invasion assay displayed that the numbers of cells penetrated through matrigel membrane were significantly higher in 786-O-NOV cells (240.25 ± 23.12) compared to 786-O cells ( 56.16 ± 6.25 ) and 786-O-mock cells ( 50.28 ± 7.13 ).Migration assay displayed that the numbers of cells passed through polycarbonate filters were significantly higher in 786-O-NOV cells (267.25 ± 20.94) compared to 786-O cells ( 66.10 ± 5.68 ) and 786-O-mock cells ( 56.28 ± 4.11 ).Conclusion NOV exhibits anti-proliferative effects on RCC cells; however,it promotes adhesion,migration and invasion of RCC cells.

Insomnia disorder is a common clinical mental disorder.Currently, clinical subtyping of insomnia disorder relies primarily on symptomatic descriptions, lacking objective measures and subtyping-based treatment approaches. In recent years, increasing attention has been drawn to sleep electroencephalography (EEG) as a valuable tool for observing abnormal sleep architecture and continuity of insomnia disorder. Sleep EEG analysis holds the potential to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms of insomnia disorder, facilitating data-driven subtyping and enhancing personalized therapeutic strategies.Five types of sleep EEG subtypes of insomnia disorder were systematically searched and summarized: classifications derived from objective sleep duration, power spectral characteristics, cyclic alternating pattern, spindle and microarousal.EEG characteristics of each subtype and clinical outcomes are discussed.This review aims to provide evidence-based insights for clinical subtyping and personalized treatment of insomnia disorder.