The polymorphisms of the TPOX locus in two population were studied by PCR technique followed by the denatured PAGE and silver staining.Seven alleles were detected in each population of 100 unrelated Northern Chinese Han individuals and 93 unrelated African(Xhosa)individuals in South Africa respectively.No deviation from the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium was demonstrated.The power of discrimination(DP)and the exclusion probability(EPP)were 0 7978 and 0 4625;0 9141 and 0 6125 respectively.Comparison of gene frequency distribution showed that there is significant difference between different races.In addition,three rare genes were detected in we Africans(Xhosa)individuals.Sequencing proved that the only difference among them was the number of repeat unit in the region amplified by the specific primer pair.It might be due to the unequal exchange between chromosomes which was resulting in the production of a chimera.Our study showed that the TPOX locus has a high discriminating power which is important for the study of forensic medicine and human genetics\;

Objective To study the genetic polymorphisms of DYF155S1 locus in 107 unrelated individuals both in the Han population, China and the Japanese population. Methods MVR-PCR, automated fluorescence detection and DNA sequence analysis were carried out for studying. Results Five types of repeat unit and one type newly named type 6 which was resulted from the T22A substitution on Type 1 were detected. Type 6 is monopolized by Japanese and may be regarded as a racial characteristic genetic marker. The common arrangement of the repeat units was 3134 which were detected at 73.44 % and 67.44 % in the Han and Japanese populations respectively. The abundance of arrangement of 3134 is the character of yellow race. Next to the arrangement of 3134 was the arrangement of 134 which was detected at 17.19% in the Han population while the arrangement of 6134 was detected at 16.28% in the Japanese population. The average number of type 4 unit at the 3'terminal was 8.8 in the Japanese population much lower than 12.5 in the Han population. Conclusion This study implies that DYF155S1 locus is an important geneticmarker with good genetic polymorphisms. The population difference between the Han and the Janpanes is significant.

Objective To investigate the molecular structure, gene expression and detecting methods of some new variant alleles at FUT2 locus. Method We examined four new variant alleles at FUT2 locus using PCR, RFLPs, gene recombination, DNA sequencing and techniques related to gene expression. Results Three missense gene mutations which were C664T, G868A and G760A respectively were found in three New Guinea individuals. Absence of the glycosyltransferase activity in all three enzymes coded by above three missense gene mutations were confirmed by gene expression techniques. Nonsense mutation A660T was found in one Chinese Han individuals. Changing of sequence of endonuclease SacI resulted from C664T and A660T can be detected by RFLP method. Weak peaks of variats might be missed if DNA sequencing was used to detect heterozygotes. RFLP method can't be used to determine specific site of variation within identified sequence of endonuclease. Conclusion All three FUT2 genes resulted from three mutations C664T, G868A, and G760A were non-secretor genes. More than two methods must be used for checking results each other when detect DNA sequence polymorphisms.

Objective To study the genetic polymorphism and population diversity of three SNP loci and their haplotypes on human Y Chromosome. Methods Genetic polymorphisms, population diversity and hap-lotypes of these SNP loci, M4, M9 and M122, on human Y chromosome, in 140 wnrelated individuals from Zang Nationality in China, Japanese, Negroes and white men from southern Africa were studied by using PCR-RFLPs and DNA sequencing analysis. Results No polymorphism was found on M4 locus, each sample was M4A. All samples were wild type. 3 haplotypes were found. In all Negroes there was a wild haplotype of M4A/M9C/M122T. A haplotype of M4A/M 9G/M122T were found in 8 white men. No M122C gene was found. The haplotypes of M4A/M9C/M122T were mainly found in both Japanese and Chinese, The haplotype frequencies in Japanese and Zang population in china were 0.5 and 0.65 respectively. The probability of discrimination power (DP) and the excluding probability of paternity (EPP) were 0.6191 and 0.4994 respectively and the haplotype of M4A/M9C/M122C was absent. There was a remarkable difference (P

Objective: To develop an effective and rapid method for the preparation of emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (EG) reference substance from Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix (PCRR). Methods: The target fraction was isolated by macroporous resin column chromatography and ODS column chromatography, and then the target compound was purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). The structure was identified by ESI-MS and NMR spectral techniques, and its purity was determined by HPLC analysis using the main component self-comparison with no correction factor method. Results: A solvent system that consisted of dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (8:1:6:5) was applied to the separation based on assessment using HPLC partition coefficient method. The upper phase was used as the stationary phase, while the lower phase was used as the mobile phase. The reference substance of EG was prepared, and its purity was up to 98% in line with the standard of quantitative analysis. Conclusion: The method is suitable for the preparation of EG from PCRR, which provides a basis for the quality control of natural product and their preparations.

Objective To find out the consumption situation of iodized salt in Baotou, identify problems and take appropriate intervention measures, and to provide scientific basis for further consolidating the results of control measures, strengthening and improving the sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods Three batches of each quarter, 54 salt samples were sampled in Donghe wholesale division and Qingkun wholesale division in Baotou city salt company during 2008 - 2010; each place of Damaoqi, Baiyun district, and Qingshan district were divided into five sampling areas according to the direction of east, west, south, north, and central position, one school was selected in each district, 30 students aged 8 to 10 from each school were selected, and home salt samples were taken, and salt iodine was tested by direct titration(GB/T 13025.7-1999). Results Qualified rate of wholesale iodized salt was 100%(378/378) during 2008 - 2010, and mean salt iodine was 30.4 mg/kg;qualified rate of household iodized salt was 99.8%(2417/2421 ), and mean salt iodine was 30.4 mg/kg; iodized salt coverage rate was 99.6% (2421/2430) and consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 99.4% (2417/2430).Conclusions Qualified rate of iodized salt, coverage rate of qualified iodized salt and consumption rate of qualified iodized salt are 90% or more, which has reached the standard of sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency disorders.

Objective To explore the relationship between the status of the cervical lymphatic metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)at cNo stage and tumor recurrence and the patient' s prognosis.Methods The clinical data of 498 cNo PTC patients admitted from 1986 to 1990 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the patients were followed up for more than 10 years.16 patients died of PTC,among them 3 for metastasis,13 for local recurrence.The total cervical lymphatic metastasis rate in these 498 patients was 52.2％,in 260 cases in which detailed data were available: rate was 14.1％ in zone Ⅱ,27.1％ in zone Ⅲ,24.6％ in zone Ⅳ,12.5％ in zone Ⅴ,and 20.1％ in zone Ⅵ respectively.According to the appearances of microscopic pathology,the cervical lymphatic metastasis rates in 498 cases of cNo PTC were collected as following: uncapsuled group was 65.6％,extracapsular group was 64.5％,extralobal group was 56.5％,involved the surrounding tissue and structure group was 52.0％,focal cancerous focus group was 33.3％,latent sclerosis group was 26.9％,encapsuled and introcapsule group was 0.The cervical recurrence rate was only 2％ in the complete function neck dissection group and 9.9％ in the selective center neck dissection group.Conclusions In cNo PTC the most common cause of death was local recurrence.Prophylactic function complete neck dissection should be performed for cNo PTC cases of highly invasive type such as without tumor capsule,extracapsular,extralobal or surrounding tissue invasion.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Hypoxia, Brain ; metabolism ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

SUMMARY We analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics of one patient with Rhupus syndrome as-sociated nephropathy in Peking University People ’s Hospital, and reviewed the related literature .The pa-tient was a middle aged female .She developed rheumatoid arthritis first , and then manifested mild sys-temic lupus erythematosus together with positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( ANCA ) and cryoglobulinemia several years later .The renal biopsy was performed and manifested as lupus nephritis . The transmission electron microscopy revealed cryoglobulinemia associated renal damage .This report shows that the clinicopathological characteristics in patients with Rhupus syndrome associated nephropathy are complicated .The renal pathology can be used as a diagnostic tool .

Animals ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Signal Transduction ; physiology