OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia(NP) caused by imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(IRAB) and its antimicrobial susceptibility in vitro. METHODS The data of 34 cases of IRAB-NP were analyzed and 68 cases of NP caused by imipenem-susceptible A.baumannii(ISAB) were randomized as control.Antimicrobial susceptibility(MIC) was determined with the method of agar dilution. RESULTS The two independent factors associated with the development of IRAB-NP: previous fluoroquinolone(OR=5.738) and imipenem/meropenem(OR=7.129) use.The drug sensitivity test in vitro showed that these strains were multiresistant to commonly used antibiotics,and only ampicillin/sulbactam and cefoperazone/sulbactam whose resistance rate was less than 30%. CONCLUSIONS Previous imipenem/meropenem and fluoroquinolone use is independent risk factors for IRAB-NP.These strains are high drug resistant.

AIM To investigate the effect of fenofibrate and simvastatin on the serum free fatty acids of alcoholic fatty liver in rats. METHODS The rat model of alcoholic fatty liver was reproduced by chronic ethanol ingestion plus olive oil diet. The model rats were divided into three groups as follows: finofibrate treatment group(finofibrate 80 mg?kg -1 po, once a day),simvastatin treatment group (simvastatin 4 mg?kg -1 po, once a day)and control group without either above-mentioned treatment. Experimental rats were treated for four weeks and then sacrificed for blood sampling. Serum free fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. RESULTS Fenofibrate significantly ameliorated the decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids induced by ethanol [oleic acid:(38.212?7.788) ?g?L -1 vs (31.620?6.142) ?g?L -1,linoleic acid:(37.269?8.065) ?g?L -1 vs (30.254?9.063) ?g?L -1,arachidonic acid:(11.646?2.601) ?g?L -1 vs (9.012?1.236) ?g?L -1] accompanied by the improvement of the fat infiltration of the liver, but demonstrated no effect on the increase in serum saturated fatty acids by ethanol. In the contrast, simvastatin can aggravate the decrease in polyunsatrurated fatty acids and significantly increase the levels of satrurated fatty acids in serum induced by ethanol along with the pathological aggravation of alcoholic fatty liver. CONCLUSION The results of present study revealed that fenofibrate and simvastatin exerted different effect on the serum free fatty acids of alcoholic fatty liver. Polyunsatrurated fatty acids in the serum play an important role in the pathogenesis and treatment response of alcoholic fatty liver.

To study the B cell linear epitopes of rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein, peptides were synthesized according to the amino acid sequences of B cell linear epitopes. Linear epitopes predicted by bioinformatics analysis were evaluated with immunological techniques. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that titers of antibodies to peptides (355-369 and 385-400 residues of rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein) were above 1:12 800 in mouse sera. The antibodies recognized denatured rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein in Western blot analysis. Purified anti-peptide antibodies recognized natural rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein in BHK-21 cells in indirect fluorescent antibody test. The 355-369 and 385-400 residues of rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein were validated as B cell linear epitopes.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Epitope Mapping ; Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleoproteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; Rabies ; immunology ; virology ; Rabies virus ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology

OBJECTIVE To study the isolation and resistance tendency of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii to antimicrobial agents from 1998 to 2004 to provide valuable data for infection prevention and therapy. METHODS We reviewed the isolation rates,distribution in clinical specimens and wards,and the resistance rates of(A.calcoaceticus-baumannii)to 14 kinds of antimicrobial agents from 1998 to 2004. RESULTS There was an increasing tendency of isolation rates of A.calcoaceticus-baumannii every year,which was 0.18% in 1998 but 1.48% in 2004.In the seven years,there was the highest isolation rate of 70.58% in specimens from respiratory tract,the next was from the urine(9.42%),and blood(4.63%).Concerning the wards distribution,ICU had the highest rate of 47.28%.In 1998,A.calcoaceticus-baumannii had resistance rates more than 50% only to one kind of antimicrobial agents(aztreonam),but in 2004,it had increased to thirteen kinds(except cefoperazone/sulbactam).About the fourteen kinds of antimicrobial agents we inspected,that were increased in their resistance rate.The highest increasing of resistance rate was ceftazidime from 11.1% in 1998 to 88.9% in 2004,the imipenem was second for 0.0% to 64.8%,and the third was sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim form 0.0% to 64.0%,while there still was an increasing resistance tendency to them. CONCLUSIONS The clinical isolation rate of A.calcoaceticus-baumannii is increasing,and it has higher resistance rates to many antimicrobial agents as well as an increasing resistance tendency to relatively susceptive antimicrobial agents every year.So physicians should prescribe on the basis of antimicrobial agents susceptibility tests in vitro.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the risk awareness and preparedness related to pandemic flu in China.

METHODSTwo groups of people, mainly employers and employees from enterprises, were covered in the survey, using quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (in-depth interview) methods. The employers and employees were from joint-ventured corporations, large state-owned corporations and private companies which were randomly selected from 7 major cities in China.

RESULTS(1) 82% of the people surveyed and interviewed had basic knowledge on pandemic flu. (2) 60% of the joint-ventured corporations had worked out or were working on their business continuity plan in the event of pandemic flu, compared to that of state-owned corporations and private companies that the figure was only 21% . (3) 67% of the joint-ventured corporations had informed their preparedness plan on pandemic flu to their employees, while that of the state-owned and private corporations, it was only 42 %. (4) About 70 % of the corporations was establishing policies for restricting travel to affected geographic areas (both domestic and international), evacuating the employees who working in or near the affected area when an outbreak began. (5) Nearly 60 % of the corporations thought annual flu vaccination was important and hence encouraging and tracking annual flu vaccination for employees. (6) 70% of the corporations paid high attention on providing sufficient and accessible supplies (e. g. hand - hygiene products, tissues and receptacles for their disposal) to control the epidemics in all business locations while nearly 76 % of the corporations were interested in purchasing commercial medical insurance.

CONCLUSIONJoint-verntured corporation were doing better than domestic corporations in terms of risk awareness and preparedness on pandemic flu, suggesting that the domestic corporation should learn from them regarding on pandemic flu preparedness to limit the negative impact of pandemic flu.

Adult ; Awareness ; Commerce ; Disease Outbreaks ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; psychology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Health

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of intensive insulin therapy on insulin resistance(IR) and serum proteins after radical gastrectomy.

METHODSTwenty-two gastric cancer patients were randomly divided into the control (n=11) and intensive insulin therapy group (n=11), and underwent distal radical subtotal gastrectomy under epidural anesthesia. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and serum proteins were assayed preoperatively and at day 1, 3, 7 postoperatively. Insulin resistance index was calculated using homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). The length of hospital stay and postoperative complications were recorded respectively.

RESULTS(1)The levels of FBG, FINS, lnHOMA-IR (P<0.01,P<0.05) and the incidence of insulin resistance were remarkably decreased by intensive insulin therapy after the surgical procedure.(2)The levels of serum transferrin (TRF), prealbumin (PRE) and retinal binding protein (RBP) in the intensive insulin therapy group were significantly improved as compared to control group after operation(P<0.05). (3) The duration of fever, antibiotic use, passage of gas by anus, length of hospital stay and the occurrence of postoperative complications were also significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.01,P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompared to routine therapy, the intensive insulin therapy has more beneficial effects on the patients undergone distal radical subtotal gastrectomy in decreasing the insulin resistance, improving the status of nutrition and preventing postoperative complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Blood Proteins ; metabolism ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Insulin ; metabolism ; therapeutic use ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of brucea javanica oil on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in A549 cell line.

METHODA549 cells were incubated with different concentrations of brucea javanica oil (0.5, 1.25, 2.5, 5 g x L(-1) for 48 h respectively. VEGF level in supernatant was determined by VEGF ELISA kits and mRNA expression of VEGF was evaluated by RT-PCR. PMN in health volunteers was treated as control groups.

RESULTSupernatant VEGF protein and mRNA expression were significantly elevated in A549 cells compared with the mononuclear cells (120.73 vs 21.21, P < 0.05). Brucea javanica oil (2.5 g x L(-1)) could reduced supernatant VEGF protein in A549 cells (20.30 vs 120.73, P < 0.05), but had no effect on the expression of VEGF mRNA (1.0230 vs 0.9573). It was found that brucea javanica oil (5 g x L(-1)) significantly reduced VEGF mRNA expression (0.4682 vs 0.9573, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBrucea javanica oil can depress the VEGF mRNA expression and secretion in A549 cells, which may be one of the mechanisms of its antitumor effect.

Brucea ; chemistry ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Plant Oils ; pharmacology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To elucidate the clinical characteristics and coronary angiographic findings of patients underwent PCI before and after drug-eluting stents(DES).Methods DESIRE(Drug-Eluting Stent Impact on revascularization) was a retrospective registry of patients who received revascularization therapy during July,2001 through June,2002(non-DES era) and July,2003 through February,2004(DES era).In this analysis,we used the DISIRE data to examine the clinical and angiographic features of patients who received PCI in the different era.Results Among 3763 patients in the registry,2180 patients were analyzed(763 were in the non-DES era and 1417 were in the DES era).In the DES era,more diseased vessels(1.31?0.54 vs 1.39?0.61,P

Objective To explore the association between Toll-like receptors(TLR) gene polymorphisms and the primary immune response level to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Han children in Guangxi. Methods A total of 513 Han children aged 8-9 months were collected from the department of pediatrics in the Maternal and Child Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Nanning Maternal and Child Health Hospital from 2014 to 2016. Peripheral venous blood of each study object was collected to detect HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc and HBV DNA. The polymorphisms of 10 sites of TLR gene were detected by SNPscanTM multiple SNP typing techniques. The association between allele, genotype of TLR gene and anti-HBs levels were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression. Results The genetic polymorphism of TLR3 gene rs13126816 was related to immune response after primary Hepatitis B immunization in Han children in Guangxi (OR=1.79，95% CI: 1.11-2.89, P=0.018). The anti-HBs level of children with A/A genotype［238.04(519.75) mIU/L］and G/A genotype［347.96(619.68) mIU/L］were significantly lower than those with G/G genotype［489.08(854.76) mIU/L］, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Anti-HBs level of children carrying allele A ［317.20(608.72) mIU/L］was significantly lower than those carrying allele G［457.01(852.66) mIU/L］, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-3.055， P<0.05). The rest of the TLR genes were not related to the immune response of Hepatitis B Vaccine (all P>0.05). Conclusions The allele A of TLR3 gene rs13126816 may be the influencing factor for the low response of primary immune response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Han children.

Eye Diseases ; prevention & control ; Home Care Services ; Humans ; Schools ; Single-Blind Method ; Students ; Urban Population