MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of micro,endogenously-initiated non-coding RNA that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and involved in tumorigenesis.Polymorphisms in miRNA sequences (miRSNP) alter mature miRNA levels and target mRNA selection.Recent findings have demonstrated that miRSNP mediated epigenetic alteration of miRNA can be one of the mechanism in tumor progression and may play critical role of hallmarks in cancer susceptibility.This review described the most recent advances in the field of hot miRSNP and susceptibility of tumour.

Objective To study the relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and type 2 diabetes patients with cerebral infarction and its influencing factors.Methods Serum homocysteine levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in type 2 diabetes patients with cerebral infarction (DS group), type 2 diabetes patients without complications (DNC group) and normal control subjects. Plasma folate and VitB 12 concentrations were detected by radioimmune assay.Results The levels of homocysteine in DS group and DNC group were significantly higher than in normal control group (all P

Professor YANG Zhao-min inherited the ancient doctors'experiences about point-prescription with the principle of 'inheriting the ancients without being formalistic in the ancients,bringing new ideas without losing contact with fountainhead of TCM'. He explored new ideas based on the ancient therapy,and summed his distinctive experience up as two types:simple recipe of acupuncture and moxibustion (single point,double points,three points) and compound recipe of acupuncture and moxibustion (more than fi ve points).Those were simple-clear-essential-new in composition and form,and effective therapy in clinic.

Objective To explore the metabolic characteristic of prostate cancer (PCa) in central gland with magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic, and evaluate the value of MRS in the differential diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia nodus. Methods MR images were performed in 38 cases with prostate disease by 3.0T MR, 11 cases with PCa in central gland and 27 cases with benign prostatic hyperplasia nodus. All the cases were scanned by routine, then by the combined MRS. MRS findings were reviewed in 27 cases with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 11 cases with PCa (3 in central gland origin, 8 with large tumor invading both peripheral zone and central gland). (Cho+Cr)/Cit ratios of PCa and BPH were retrospectively measured, (Cho+Cr)/Cit of PCa voxels were compared with that of BPH voxels. Results Significantly higher choline levels and lower citrate levels were observed in central gland of PCa compared with BPH. In the glandular BPH region, the amount of Cit was high; while in the stromal region, the Cit and Cho level was much lower. The average (Cho+Cre)/Cit values of PCa and BHP were 1.94±1.43 and 0. 83±0. 28 respectively, the difference in ratio between both was statistically significant (P＜0. 01). Conclusions The combined use of MRI and MR spectroscopy is propitious for differentiating prostate cancer in central gland and benign prostatic hyperplasia nodus and for increasing the diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of histological prostatitis (HP) on the clinical features of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) and its clinical significance.

METHODSWe retrospectively studied the data of 273 cases of BPH and 240 cases of PCa, including age, prostate volume, total prostatic special antigen (tPSA), prostatic special antigen density (PSAD), maximum urinary flow rate (MFR) and acute urinary retention (AUR).

RESULTSTotally, 186 cases of BPH (68.13%) and 45 cases of PCa (18.75%) were complicated by HP, with statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the patients with BPH only, those complicated by HP showed significantly elevated tPSA, PSAD and total prostate volume (all P < 0.05), decreased MFR (P < 0.05) and increased risk of AUR (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the patients' age between the two groups (P > 0.05). The levels of tPSA and PSAD were remarkably higher in the PCa patients complicated by HP than in those with PCa only (all P < 0.05), but no significant differences were found in the other indexes between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHP may play a certain role in the progenesis and progression of HP and PCa, but HP is associated more closely with BPH.

Aged ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Male ; Organ Size ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; etiology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; complications ; Prostatitis ; complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Retention ; etiology

Occasionally, patients with gastrointestinal Crohn's disease (CD) develop granulomatous skin lesions at sites remote from the gastrointestinal tract, separated from other ulcerations by normal skin, a phenomenon that has been referred to as metastatic cutaneous CD. Although metastatic CD of the vulval region has been often reported in English literature, we could not find such cases with family history. We report a case of vulval CD occurring in siblings.
Crohn Disease* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Siblings* ; Skin ; Ulcer ; Vulva*

Nitric oxide (NO), which is involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, immune system, reproductive system, digestive system and other physiological activities, is an important biological substance with activity. Under normal physiological conditions, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) can precisely regulate the nervous system NO production, release, diffusion and inactivation processes. But an excess of NO associates with the development of cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's psychosis nervous system diseases, while inhibition of nNOS activity can regulate the content of NO in vivo, and produce a therapeutic effect on some of the nervous system diseases. This review mainly describes the structure and regulation of nNOS and recent developments of small molecule inhibitors of nNOS.

Objective To investigate the short and long term therapeutic effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGEl) on diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods Patients with DN in stage Ⅲ to Ⅴ according to Mogensen criteria were randomly assigned to four groups of PGE1, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), PGE1 + ACEI and control drug. The levels of proteinuria and albuminuria were measured before and 15 days, 6 months and 18 months after treatment. Patients with DN in stage Ⅳ were subdivided into three groups according to proteinuria: early stage IV (protienuria was less than 1.5 g/d), middle stage Ⅳ (protienuria was between 1.5 g/d and 2.5 g/d) and late stage Ⅳ (protienuria was larger than 2.5 g/d). Results Fifteen days after treatment, the levels of proteinuria and albuminuria were significantly decreased compared with pre-treatment in PGE1 and PGE1 + ACEI groups (P<0. 01), and the therapeutic effect was better in PGE1 + ACE1 group than in ACEI group (P<0. 01). Six months after treatment, there were still significant differences in above parameters in patients with DN in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ between PGE1 + ACEI and PGE1 groups. And for the patients in stage Ⅴ, statistic significance between pre-and post-treatment existed only in PGE1 + ACEI group (P<0. 05). but not in PGE1 and ACEI groups (both P>0. 05). Eighteen months atter treatment, the levels of proteinuria and albuminuria were significantly decreased in patients in stage HI and early stage IV in all treatment groups (P<0. 01). For patients in middle stage IV and late stage Ⅳ , the significant differences still occurred between pre-and post-treatment in PGE1 + ACEI group (P<0. 01 or P<0. 05), and were significantly better than in ACEI group (P<0. 01 or P<0. 05). However, the proteinuria of patients in late stage IV elevated in PGE1 group in post-treatment versus pre-treatment (P<0. 05). Conclusions The short term therapeutic effect of PGE1 is quick and good in patients with DN. The therapeutic effect is much better in patients in stage Ⅲ compared with stage Ⅴ. The combination of PGE1 and ACEI will get better best therapeutic effect than PGE1 or ACEI alone in long term.

Objective:To compare the quality of life following total gastrectomy(TG) with that folliwng subtotal gastrectomy(SG) in patients with gastric carcinoma.Methods:Sixty-six patients underwent gastrectomy between 2003 and 2005 at the Department of General Surgery of the Qilu Hospital were enrolled into this study.Among them,15 underwent TG,42 accepted distal end subtotal gastrectomy(DSG) and 9 underwent proximal end(PSG) .The EORTC quality of life questionnaire QLQ-STO20 was used in the present retrospective study to assess follow quality of life of thes patients.The food-intake,local symptom and quality of life of the 3 groups were compared.Results:Patients recovered worse in short term after TG compared with PSG,but there was no statistical difference in the near future.But both of them were not as good as DSG.The contraflow was common and serious after PSG.The incidence rate of abdominal distension was high.Conclusion:The indication of TG for carcinoma of the superior part of stomach can be extented properly.Evidence-Based Medicine should be used to screen better reconstruction mode.On the base of radical cure,quality of life should be improved as far as possible.

OBJECTIVE To develop a method to construct three dimensional finite element model of nasomaxillary complex,in order to provide the foundation of studying nasomaxillary biomechanics characteristics.METHODS DICOM data from HelixCT were analyzed and reconstructed in software Mimics,then complete constructing three dimensional finite element model of nasomaxillary complex in Ansys.RESULTS The nasomaxillary complex model was similar to original case in structure,which is a high finite element model.CONCLUSION Computer assistant in constructing finite element model from DICOM data is a convenient,exact and efficient method .The nasomaxillay complex finite element model is exact and reproductable,and can provide the foundation of studying biomechanics mechanism of nasomaxillary fracture in otolaryngology.