Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cardiovascular disease in developing countries. CAD also called coronary heart disease, is a condition in which plaque (plak) builds up inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply your heart muscle with oxygen-rich blood. Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the characteristics and value of gated SPECT MPI with Technetium - 99m sestamibi using dipyridamole stress in diagnosis of CAD. Subjects and method: One hundred and forty - six suspected or known CAD patients, mean age 65.2 \xb1 9.11, underwent gated SPECT MPI with technetium - 99m sestamibi using dipyridamole stress. These patients was performed coronary angiography. Results: Of 146 patients, 33.6% had no adverse reaction to intravenous dipyridamole and no fatal adverse events (myocardial infarction, death ... ) was reported. The most common adverse reactions were headache (49.3%), chest pain (40.4%). Aminophyline was administrated to 25.7% of 146 patients and complete relief of symptoms in 91.3% of these patients. The sensitivity for detection of CAD was 95.2 % and the specificity and accuracy were 78.6% and 91.1 %. When excluded the patients with previous MI, these values were 88.9%; 80.0% and 85.7% respectively. Among the coronary branches, the sensitivity was highest in diagnosis of LAD and highest specificity was LCX lesions. Conclusions: The Technetium - 99m sestamibi gated SPECT using dipyridamole stress is a safety and valuable technique for the detection of CAD. \r\n', u' \r\n', u'
Coronary Artery Disease/epidemiology ; pathology ; Dipyridamole/ administration & ; dosage

Though exercise T1-201 myocardial perfusion-scintigraphy is an important test in the diagnosis and evaluation of coronary artery disease, this test is limited in cases with poor physical conditions and unstable angina and the physical characteristics of thallium are not ideal for nuclear imaging of the myocardium. Recently, technetium-99m-labelled agent(99mTc-MIBI) has been developed to improved the quality of imaging and for easy usage in myocardial perfusion scan. Therefore, we performed dipyridamole 99mTc-MIBI myocardial scintigraphy and coronary angiography on 25 subjects who were suspeced to have coronary artery disease and the results obtanined were as follows ; 1) The overall diagnostic sensitivity of dipyridamole 99mTc-MIBI perfusion scintigraphy was 73.4%, while specificity was 66.7%. 2) Per vessel sensitivity for coronary artery disease diagnosis by the test was 71.4% and a per vessel specificity for coronary artery disease was 95.7%. 3) In all 75 coronary arteries, LAD had a sensitivity of 66.7%(10/15) and a specificity of 100%(10/10); RCA had a sensitivity of 75%(6/8) and a specificity of 82.4%(14/17); LCX had a sensitivity of 60%(3/5) and a specificity of 100%(20/20). 4) After infusion of dipyridamole, the most frequent adverse effect was chest pain which was seen in 8 cases(32%). The headache was seen in 7 cases(28%). Most of the symptoms were mild in severity and subsided spontaneously but 3 subjects were severe enough to require intravenous administration of aminophylline. In conclusion, dipyridamole 99m2011-06-17Tc-MIBI myocardial perfusion scintigraphy is a useful and safe test for diagnosis of coronary artery disease.
Administration, Intravenous ; Aminophylline ; Angina, Unstable ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diagnosis ; Dipyridamole* ; Headache ; Myocardial Perfusion Imaging* ; Myocardium ; Perfusion ; Perfusion Imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thallium

AIMTo prepare amylopectin anchored dipyridamole (DIP) liposome and to study its tissue distribution in mice.

METHODSThe regular DIP liposomes were prepared by film-scatter method. The amphiphilic O-palmitoyl amylopectin was synthesized and added to modify the surface of liposome. The entrapping efficiency, zeta potential, mean diameter, span of modified and regular liposomes were assayed. The RP-HPLC was used for the determination of DIP concentration in mice tissue.

RESULTSAfter modification, the entrapping efficiency depressed, zeta potential was raised, mean diameter and span had no obvious change. The level of DIP in lung, liver and spleen for regular liposomes were higher than that of injections. Compared with regular liposomes, the modified liposomes increased the DIP level in lung, and decreased the DIP level in liver, spleen, moreover, lengthened the retention time of DIP in lung.

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of modified liposome in mice was markedly changed as compared with regular liposomes and injections. The modified liposomes had obvious lung targeting property.

Amylopectin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Dipyridamole ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Liposomes ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Palmitates ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Tissue Distribution

A new type of floating osmotic pump of dipyridamole was designed in this paper. Apparatus three (Chinese Pharmacopeia 2005, appendix XD) was employed for in vitro dissolution test in order to evaluate the release and floating behavior in a same experiment. The system was optimized using central composite design-response surface methodology; where similarity factor (f2) between the dissolution profile of prepared formulation and the target dissolution profile was taken as dependent factor, usage amount of polyoxyethylene (X1, mg), NaCl (X2, mg) and pore former (PEG4000, X3, %) were taken as independent factors. The optimization model was f2 = -29.3 + 2.35X3 - 0.123X1(2) - 0.046X2(2) + 0.145X1X2 (R = 0.996). It was found that the dissolution profile could match the target dissolution profile under the condition of weight gain 8%-9%, X1 (20-34), X2 (30-57), X3 = 50. It is also found that the minimum usage percentage of pore former is 35.1%. The prediction results of the optimization model were good in the experiments.
Administration, Oral ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Dipyridamole ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Osmosis ; Osmotic Pressure ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Sodium Chloride ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Surface Properties

OBJECTIVE: To provide information about the effectiveness and safety of Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection (GD) as one adjuvant therapy for treating angina pectoris (AP) and to evaluate the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with meta-analysis. METHODS: RCTs concerning AP treated by GD were searched in China Biology Medicine Disc (SinoMed), PubMed, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), the Chinese Scientifific Journals Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, from inception to February, 2017. The Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool was adopted to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs. The Review Manager 5.3 software was utilized to conduct the meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 41 RCTs involving 4,462 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that the combined use of GD and Western medicine (WM) against AP was associated with a higher total effective rate [risk ratio (RR)=1.25, 95% confifidence interval (CI): 1.21-1.29, P<0.01], total effective rate of electrocardiogram (RR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.21-1.36, P<0.01). Additional, GD combined with WM could decrease the level of plasma viscosity [mean difference (MD)=-0.56, 95% CI:-0,81 to-0.30, P<0.01], fifibrinogen [MD=-1.02, 95% CI:-1.50 to-0.54, P<0.01], whole blood low shear viscosity [MD=-2.27, 95% CI:-3.04 to-1.49, P<0.01], and whole blood high shear viscosity (MD=-0.90, 95% CI: 1.37 to-0.44, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Comparing with receiving WM only, the combine use of GD and WM was associated with a better curative effect for patients with AP. Nevertheless, limited by the methodological quality of included RCTs more large-sample, multi-center RCTs were needed to confifirm our fifindings and provide further evidence for the clinical utility of GD.
Angina Pectoris ; drug therapy ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Dipyridamole ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Drug Combinations ; Humans ; Injections ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Western World

PURPOSE: The performance of nitroglycerin-challenged Tc-99m-MIBI quantitative gated SPECT for the detection of viable myocardium was compared with rest/ 24-hour redistribution Tl-201 SPECT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 22 patients with coronary artery disease, rest Tl-201/ dipyridamole stress Tc-99m-MIBI gated/ 24-hour redistribution Tl-201 SPECT were performed, and gated SPECT was repeated on-site after sublingual administration of nitroglycerin (0.6 mg). Follow-up gated SPECT was done 3 months after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. For 20 segments per patient, perfusion at rest and 24-hour redistribution, and wall motion and thickening at baseline and nitroglycerin-challenged state were quantified. Quantitative viability markers were evaluated and compared; (1) rest thallium uptake, (2) thallium uptake on 24-hour redistribution SPECT, (3) systolic wall thickening at baseline, and (4) systolic wall thickening with nitroglycerin-challenge. RESULTS: Among 100 revascularized dysfunctional segments, wall motion improved in 66 segments (66%) on follow-up gated myocardial SPECT after bypass surgery. On receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the sensitivity and specificity of rest and 24-hour delayed redistribution Tl-201 SPECT were 79%, 44% and 82%, 44%, respectively, at the optimal cutoff value of 50% of Tl-201 uptake. The sensitivity and specificity of systolic wall thickening at baseline and nitroglycerin-challenge were 49%, 50% and 64%, 65% at the optimal cutoff value of 15% of systolic wall thickening. Area under the ROC curve of nitroglycerin-challenged systolic wall thickening was significantly larger than that of baseline systolic wall thickening (p=0.004). CONCLUSION: Nitroglycerin-challenged quantitative gated Tc-99m-MIBI SPECT was a useful method for predicting functional recovery of dysfunctional myocardium.
Administration, Sublingual ; Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels* ; Dipyridamole ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myocardium ; Nitroglycerin ; Perfusion ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thallium ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon* ; Transplants

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the renal tubular function and the severity of tubulo interstitial lesion and the effects of Astragalus Injection (AI) on renal tubular function in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN).

METHODSSixty-seven patients with IgAN were randomly divided into the control group and the astragalus group, both received dipyridamole and benazepril orally, while the astragalus group treated with AI by intravenous dripping additionally. The indices for renal tubular function, including protein in blood and urine, urinary retinol binding protein (RBP) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (UNAG), were detected. Area of glomerular Bowman capsule, renal tubules, and capillary were measured with color magic image analysis system type CMIAS2000.

RESULTSUrinary RBP and UNAG were correlated with tubulointerstitial lesion. Urine protein concentration decreased, blood albumin increased remarkably and renal tubular function improved after treatment in the astragalus group, with the improvement significantly different to those in the control group respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe severity of tubulointerstitial lesion was positively related to urinary RBP concentration, and astragalus injection has obvious effect on IgAN.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Astragalus membranaceus ; Benzazepines ; therapeutic use ; Dipyridamole ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Kidney Tubules ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy