Purpose To investigate clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical findings and differential diagnosis of papillary glioneuronal tumor ( PGNT) . Methods The clinical features, imaging, histological and immunohistochemical findings were analyzed in three cases of PGNT, along with review of the related literatures. Results Two patients were female adults, and the other was male adults. One presented with dizziness, and the other exhibited intractable seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) revealed a cyst-ic space-occupying mass in brain parenchyma of left temporal lobe or right parietal lobe. Microscopically, it was characterized by pseu-dopapillary structures composed of hyalinized vessels rimmed by cuboidal glial cells, oligodendrocyte-like cells and the proliferation of neuronal cells. On immunohistochemical staining, the perivascular cuboidal cells were GFAP-positive, the oligodendrocyte-like cells were Olig-2-positive, and the neuronal cells were synaptophysin-and nuclear protein-positive. Conclusion PGNT is a rare and new variant of mixed neuronal-glial neoplasm, the natural evolution of this tumor is one of low malignant potential and it has a good progno-sis. The distinctive pathologic features help to differentiate this entity from other neoplasm of the central nervous system which has pa-pillary structures.

Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; statistics & numerical data ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Utilization Review ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Hospitalization ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; drug therapy

Objective To observe and compare the efficacy and safety between propofol-fentanyl and propo- fol-ketamine for anesthesia of artificial abortion.Methods 450 ASA physical statusⅠandⅡpatients scheduled for elective artificial abortion were randomized into three groups:P group were given intravenous normal saline 2ml be- fore propofol(n=150) ;PF group were given intravenous fentanyl 1?g/kg then propofol(n=150);PK group were given intravenous ketamine 0.4mg/kg then propofol(n=150).Total dose of propofol,extinction time of lash reflex, heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),pulse oxygen saturation(SpO_2),time to open the eye when called, time of full recovery(answering correctly and walking unaided),discomfort,awareness during operation,self-feeling were recorded.Analysis of date was with SPSS 12.0.P＜0.05 was considered significant.Results No episodes of nausea,vomiting,cardio-cerebral syndrome or awareness were noted in all patients;Total dose of propofol,and extinc- tion time of lash reflex in P group were significantly more than those in PK or PF group(P＜0.05),but there was no difference between PK and PF group;MAP,minimum HR and SpO_2 during operation were obviously lower than preoperation or postoperation in those in P or PF group,minimum HR and SpO_2 during operation in P group were significantly lower than in PF or PK group;Minimum HR and SpO_2 during operation in PK group were lower than preoperation,but its decrease extent was less than that in P or PF group(P＜0.05);Time to eye opening in PF or PK group was significantly less than that in P group(P＜0.05);Time to full recovery were not different in three groups;Incidence of pain on injection in PF group(10%)or PK group(8%)was obviously lower than P group (80%);Incidence of coughing and moving during operation in PF group(8%)or PK group(6%)was obviously less than P group(30%);No difference were noted with respect to degree of comfort,time of full recovery,bleeding vol- ume during operation,time to operation.Conclusion Painless artificial abortion can be preformed effectively and safely with propofol-fentanyl or propofol-ketamine,propofol-ketamine especially fits for painless artificial abortion compared with propofol-fantanyl.

0.05)respectively,when the whole radiotherapy was finished,the CR was 53.3% and 25.8%(P

Objective To analyze the differences in symptoms spectrum,lifestyle,diet and psychological features among different age groups with reflux esophagitis.Methods From June 2011 to October 2013,332 outpatients with reflux esophagitis (RE) were collected and divided into youth group (18 to 40 years),middle-aged group (41 to 64 years) and aged group (≥65 years).Symptoms and risk factors of patients were investigated.The severity of the symptoms was evaluated with reflux diagnostic questionnaire (RDQ).The anxiety and depression of patients were assessed with self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS).The distribution of symptoms spectrum,the severity of symptoms,lifestyle,diet and psychological features of three groups were compared.Mann-Whitney U tests or Chi-square test were used for comparison between two groups.Pearson test was performed for correlation analysis.Results There were 96 cases,192 cases and 44 cases in youth,middle-aged and aged group,respectively.Compared with youth group and middle-aged group,the incidence of chronic cough and asthma (extra-esophageal symptoms) was higher in aged group (1.0％ (1/96),13.5％ (26/192),20.5 ％ (9/44);and 3.1％ (3/96),9.4 ％ (18/192),15.9 ％ (7/44)),and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =15.10 and 6.91,both P＜0.05).The scores of extra-esophageal symptoms in youth group,middle-aged group and aged group were 7.0(2.0,14.0),9.5(4.2,17.0) and 12.0(7.0,19.7),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (F=3.93,P =0.02).Comparison with aged group,the incidences of youth group and middle-aged group were higher in irregular meals (4.5 ％ (2/44),28.1％(27/96),14.6％ (28/192)),overeating (29.5％(13/44),50.0％(48/96),34.9％(67/192)),dinner time after 19 o'clock (2.2％(1/44),27.1％(26/96),20.3％(39/192)),lying down in 30-minute post-meal (40.9％(18/44),63.5％(61/96),49.5％(95/192)),high fat diet (52.3％(23/44),84.4％ (81/96),69.3％(133/192)),spicy food (13.6％(6/44),43.8％(42/96),30.7％(59/192)),and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =13.93,7.90,11.71,10.36,16.22 and 12.99,all P＜ 0.05).Compared with the youth group and middle-aged group,the incidence of aged group was higher in exercise times ＜two times/week (15.6 ％ (15/96),40.1％ (77/192),50.0％ (22/44)),preference of tea (36.5％(35/96),36.5％(70/192),59.1％ (26/44)) and poor sleep quality (13.5％ (13/96),19.3％ (37/192),31.8％(14/44)),and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =22.52,8.18 and 6.47,all P＜ 0.05).The median SAS scores of youth group,middle-aged group and aged group were 30.0 (27.5,33.7),32.5 (28.7,37.5) and 30.0(27.5,36.2),respectively;and the median SDS scores were 32.5(27.5,39.7),36.2(30.3,45.0),37.5(35.0,45.0),respectively;and the differences in SAS and SDS scores among three groups were statistically significant (F=6.37,6.75,both P＜0.01).The SAS and SDS scores were not correlated with extra-esophageal symptoms in youth group.The SAS score was positively correlated with extra-esophageal symptoms in middle-aged group (r =0.19,P =0.009).The SAS and RDQ scores were positively correlated with extra-esophageal symptoms in aged group(r=0.26 and 0.23;P=0.005 and 0.003).Conclusions The incidence of extra-esophageal symptoms in middle-age group and aged group is high,the symptoms are severe and with anxiety and depression possibility.While unhealthy lifestyle and diet habits are more common in young patients.According to different age groups,risk factors should be adjusted.

Developments in science and technology include the use of laser as an auxiliary device in treating oral diseases. Nd:YAG laser is convenient and safe to use. Nd:YAG laser irradiation leaves no scabby area on the wound surface, causes a mild reaction postoperation, and promotes high comfort. Therefore, this treatment has attracted increasing attention in the clinical setting. This review enumerates the applications of water-cooled pulsed Nd:YAG laser in hard and soft tissues in oral medicine. Nd:YAG laser in hard tissues can be applied in cavity preparation, acid etching, root canal preparation and sterilization, and dentin desensitization therapy. Meanwhile, the applications of this laser in soft tissues include adjunctive therapy in basic periodontitis treatment, gingival aesthetic treatment, and resection. This review suggests the importance of Nd:YAG laser as an auxiliary device in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases.
Dental Cavity Preparation ; Dentin ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Oral Medicine ; instrumentation ; methods ; Root Canal Preparation

This study was aimed to observe the effects ofTian-ShuDripping Pills (TSDP) on cerebral hemodynamics among anesthetized dogs, in order to demonstrate its clinical treatment functional correlation on angioneurotic headache. A total of 25 hybrid dogs were randomly divided into the normal saline (NS) group, TS capsule (positive control: 0.4 g·kg-1 crude medicine) group, low-dose TSDP (0.2 g·kg-1 crude medicine) group, middle-dose TSDP (0.4 g·kg-1 crude medicine) group, and high-dose TSDP (0.8 g·kg-1 crude medicine) group.Intraduodenal administration was given once under anesthesia. Changes of mean arterial blood pressure, blood flow of vertebral artery and internal carotid artery blood flow were detected and the cerebral blood flow and cerebral vascular resistance were calculated. The results showed that TSDP of low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose group can significantly reduce the cerebral vascular resistance and increase the cerebral blood flow within 180 min after medication. It was concluded that TSDP can improve the cerebral blood circulation of anesthetized dogs. Its mechanism may be through the reduction on cerebral vascular resistance and increasing of cerebral blood flow.

In this paper , we discussed the financing mechanisms of premarital healthcare services from their properties combined with the status quo financing in our country .We then provided the scientific basis and decision-making reference for improving financing mechanism to improve the premarital healthcare system .A literature or doc-umentary and field researches have combed the present situation of the premarital healthcare services financing mech -anisms at home and abroad .Related data were collected in eight research areas , namely Fujian, Guangxi, Yunnan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Heilongjiang, Beijing and Tianjin and the related personnel from health administrative department , civil affairs departments , maternal and child healthcare institutions were interviewed in terms of Field Research .From the main content at present , premarital healthcare services belong to the category of quasi-public goods .We dis-cussed the financing mechanisms from the financing levels , sources of funds , fund allocation , payment and financial regulatory and other aspects .Finally, some policy recommendations were put forward including making clear the na-ture of premarital healthcare service property , establishment of a special financial investment mechanism , unify the basic financing service standard after scientific feasibility studies , timely and fully allocate special premarital health-care service funds to strengthen the fund supervision policy recommendations .

Based on the policy framework , the premarital healthcare policy of Guangxi was analyzed from four aspects including policy background , process, content and actors.We analyzed the factors influencing this policy and their interactions , and discussed the important impact of Thalassemia prevention , multi-sectoral consensus and appro-priate premarital healthcare measures to the policy building and implementation .Then the lessons such as strengthe-ning the multi-sector cooperation , specifically making clear the pre-marital screening projects and implementing the“one-stop” service model were summed up in Guangxi province .Finally, combined with existing major problems , some policy recommendations were put forward including clarify the funding criteria and strengthen the premarital healthcare publicity in order to promote the sustainable development of premarital healthcare services .

AIM:Atherosclerosis primarily involved systemic arteries .Luminal surface , a monolayer of endothelial cells , of artery directly exposes to blood and is susceptible to active substances in the blood .Exosomes contain significantly amount of proteins and RNAs .Ex-osomes can be good and bad for cells , depending on their component .Thus, exosomes may contribute to atherosclerosis by affecting endothelial cells .This study analyzed the relationship of exosome proteins and atherosclerosis .METHODS: Fifty-six patients and healthy subjects were recruited and divided into two comparisons:healthy subjects vs atherosclerosis ( HS vs AS) , and hypertension vs hypertension plus atherosclerosis ( HT vs HT+AS) .Serum exosomes were decoded by protein mass spectrometry .The protein profile and function were analyzed by gene ontology ( GO) .RESULTS:It was found that five child terms repeatedly appeared in “response to stimulus” and “immune system process” of BP of the two categories ( HS vs AS and AS vs HT+AS):“positive regulation of innate immune response”,“immune response-activating signal transduction”,”activation of innate immune response”,“innate immune re-sponse-activating signal transduction” and “innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway ”.Two child terms repeatedly showed in “binding” of MF of the two categories:“antigen binding” and “enzyme binding”.Two proteins, PSMA6 and PSMA7, were repeatedly shown in the two categories .CONCLUSION:GO analysis was utilized for structure hierarchy “tree” to illustrate these proteins involved in various terms in BP , CC and MF.The PPI analysis supplied proteins which may play potentially im-portant roles in AS process .Innate immune system and blood coagulation pathway contribute to AS formation .The proteins, PSMA6, PSMA7 and Annexin A2, may can be the new target proteins for prevention and treatment of AS .