Ten constituents have been isolated from the rhizomes of Cimicifuga foetida L.. Based on spectral evidence and by direct comparison with authentic samples, they were identified as isoferulic acid(Ⅰ ), 3-acetylcaffeic acid(Ⅱ ), caffeic ester glucoside(Ⅲ), cimifugin(Ⅳ),cimifugin glucoside(Ⅴ ), 6 -isoinosine (Ⅵ), cimidahurine(Ⅶ ), cimidahurinine(Ⅷ), D-glucose (Ⅸ) and sucrose (Ⅹ ).

Objective To explore the feasibility and value of MRI examination in colorectal carcinoma. Methods Thirty-eight patients with clinically suspected colorectal carcinoma were included in this study and all of them underwent MRI examination. About 300- 1 000 ml water was administered transrectally before scanning. Axial plain scan, three-planar enhanced scan and hydrography were performed, respectively. Results In 38 patients, 31 cases were pathologically proved as colorectal carcinoma. The main MRI findings were: intraluminal soft tissue mass (n=5), irregular thickening of colorectal wall and partial or circumferential stenosis of colorectal lumen (n=26). The tumors were all demonstrated as medium signal intensity on T 1-weighted images. Thirty of 31 cases showed slightly hyperintensity and one was conspicuous high signal intensity on T 2-weighted images. Marked enhancement was demonstrated in all foci. Focal low signal structures were presented in the pericolorectal fat on precontrast T 1-weighted SE sequence in 5 cases. Smooth margins were revealed in 12 cases and irregular and/or nodular margins of peripheral wall in 19 cases. Colorectal hydrography showed that there were intraluminal irregular filling defects (n=14), and that "cuff sign" or "sawn-off sign" was demonstrated in the distal end of tumor and its proximal part couldn't be seen (n=10). Thirty of 31 patients with pathologically proved colorectal carcinoma and 4 of 7 patients with non-colorectal carcinoma were correctly identified by MRI. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 96.8%, 57.1%, and 89.5%, respectively. The accuracy of MRI in T staging was 83.9% (26/31). The accuracy in T1-2, T3, and T4 staging was 75.0% (9/12), 88.2% (15/17), and 100% (2/2), respectively. Conclusion MRI could clearly show the longitudinal and horizontal invasion of colorectal carcinoma as a whole. It could accurately determine the invasive depth of local lesions. Barium enema examination may be partially replaced by colorectal hydrography with MIP reconstruction. It is of directorial value in clinical treatment.

The sagittal and transverse diameters of spinal canal were measured from 344 cases including dry specimens,preserved vertebral colomns and X-ray films.Based on these data several conclusions have been drawn. (1)The morphology of spinal canal is consistent with the external feature of spinal cord. (2)The mean values of various measurement of cervical(C),thoracic(T),and lumbar(L)vertebrae of spinal canal in dry specimens are as follows: Transverse diameter(mm.) Sagittal diameter(mm.) C T L C T L Male 23.6 16.7 23.4 14.4 14.9 16.5 Eemale 23.1 16.1 22.4 13.7 14.2 16.0 (3)The mean values of measurement of spinal canal in X-ray films are as fol- lows: Transverse diameter(mm.) Sagittal diameter(mm.) L C L Male 27.8 16.5 19.8 Female 27.0 15.7 19.1 The data measured from X-ray films are approximately 20% larger than those from the actual specimens. (4)The ratio between the sagittal diameters of the cervical canal and vertebral body is 80～90% in male and 90～100% in female.The normal ratio between the products of sagittal and transverse diameters of the lumbar spinal canal and of the vertebral body is 1:4.Ratios lower than this value is considered to denote a diagnostic significance for spinal stenosis.

1.The sagittal and transverse diameters of 1,456 transverse foramina in 728cervical vertebrae were measured.The data are as follows:transverse diameter(mm) sagittal diameter (mm)Left Right Left RightMale(702 cases) 6.0?1.0 5.9?1.1 5.4?1.2 5.3?1.1Female(754 cases) 5.9?1.0 5.8?1.1 5.3?1.1 5.1?1.12.Among the 710 transverse foramina of 357 cervical vertebrae observed,mostof them are of the elliptical type.3.19.3% of double transverse foramen were found in 710 transverse foraminawhich were mostly encountered at the 6 th cervical vertebra.4.The mean value of the external diameter of the cervical part of the vertebralartery is 4?0.7mm.in 40 sides of specimens.5.63.1% of the vertebral artery in the 710 transverse foramina were foundmedial to its accompanying vein.6.According to the relationship between the sagittal(X_1)and transversediameter(X_2)of the transverse foramen and the diameter(Y)of the vertebralartery,a formula,(?)=1.859+0.172 X_1+0.24 X_2,of multiple regression was formulatedThus,the estimated diameter of the vertebral artery from the sagittal diameter X_1and transverse diameter X_2 of the transverse foramen could be obtained and it maybe helpful for clinical practice.7.In case of arthrosis,the vertebral artery could be compressed by the unco-vertebral joint which are found mostly at the level of the 4～5th cervicalvertebrae.

Crush syndrome in patients rescued from earthquake is a complex clinical syndrome with many medical conditions.The most complications are hyperkalemia,acute kidney injury,shock,infection,ARDS,malnutrition and multiorgan dysfunction.Managing these critical issues appropriately is essential for effective treatment of the crush syndrome.

Objective: To explore the clinicopathological features and the renal biopsy process of a case of IgG4-related chronic interstitial nephritis with perirenal capsule involved and review associated literature to improve the clinician's understanding for this disease and to perform a better renal biopsy. Methods: The onset, diagnosis and treatment course of the disease were described and associated literature were reviewed to summary the clinicopathologic features and key points in renal biopsy. Results: The data of the patient showed that the urine specific gravity was 1.011, with urine protein ± and urine sugar 3+. The concentration of hemoglobin was 53 g/L, serum creatinine was 1665 μmol/L, and IgG4 was 9.39 g/L. Computed tomography showed that both kidneys enlarged slightly with decreased density and low density shadow around the kidneys. On contrast-enhanced scan, irregular low-density enhancement areas were found in both kidneys, and the edge of the boundary was not clear. For the first renal biopsy, no renal parenchyma was found except mainly hyaline collagen fibrils. At the second time, 3 pieces of tissues were obtained, which showed chronic interstitial glomerulonephritis. The IgG4 positive plasma cells were about 60/HPF and the IgG4⁺/IgG⁺cells ratio was more than 40%. The diagnosis of IgG4-related chronic interstitial glomerulonephritis was confirmed. After corticosteroid treatment, the serum creatinine decreased to 502 μmol/L after the patient got rid of dialysis. Conclusions There are various manifestations of renal damage caused by IgG4-related disease. It is necessary to pay attention to the involvement of the perirenal capsule, and to balance the risk of bleeding and poor sampling in renal biopsy.