Bronchi ; pathology ; Bronchoscopy ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Middle Aged

AIM: To investigate the effect of PEDF on retinal neovascularization in mice. METHODS: 40 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice was exposed to 750mL/L oxygen for 5 days and then to normal situation to produce the murine model of oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR). One eye of the mouse was regarded as experimental one and the other served as control. Eyes in experimental group received intravitreal injection of PEDF and eyes in control group received intravitreal injection of PBS at postnatal day 12. All mice were executed at postnatal day 17. The changes of retinal vessels of mice were observed by ADPase histochemical technique. The inhibitory effect of PEDF on retinal neovascularization was evaluated by counting the endotheliocyte nuclei of new vessels which extended from retina to vitreous in the tissue slice of HE staining. RESULTS: Neovascularization was reduced, retinal blood vessels distributed regularly and non-perfusion areas were not found in eyes of experimental group compared with control group. The number of endotheliocyte nuclei of new vessels extending from retina to vitreous was significantly less in the eyes of experimental group (10.18±1.74) than that in control group (38.89±2.98) (P<0.01). Retinal toxicity and inflammatory reactions were not found in tissue slice.CONCLUSION: PEDF inhibits retinal angiogenesis in OIR and the feasibility should be determined for use of PEDF in ocular angiogenesis treatment.

A total of 1140 medical workers from 8 public hospitals of secondary and tertiary levels in Anhui were surveyed with questionnaire. Their knowledge of the reform, acknowledgement of key points of the reform, desire of participating in the reform and other factors that may influence the reform were investigated as categorized by their hospital, position, title and age. This study comes up with such recommendations as reinforcing communications on public hospital reform, reforming the compensation mechanism to clarify government responsibilities, probing into a better model for multi-institution practice of certified physicians, and encouraging private capital to participate in medical service while ensuring its non-profit nature, and improving the performance appraisal mechanism to ensure incentives of medical workers. These recommendations aim to enable the health administrators in their decision making.

AIM: To investigate the clinical therapeutic effects of human umbilical vein (HUV)implantation and mitomycin C (MMC) in non-penetrating trabecular surgery (NPTS). METHODS:A total of 32 patients (46 eyes) with uncontrolled primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) were divided into two groups: HUV+MMC group (n=25), SKGEL+MMC group (n=21). The procedure commenced with the creation of a limbus based conjunctival flap. After the dissection of a superficial limbus based rectangular scleral flap, MMC(0.4mg/mL) was used superior and inferior surface of the superficial scleral flap for three minutes. A second limbus based scleral flap was carefully dissected beneath the previous one towards the choroid. Schlemm's canal was deroofed during the extension of the deep scleral flap toits limbal edges. HUV or SKGEL fixed on the bed of sclera in experimental group. Postoperative examinations were performed at 1 week,2,4 weeks;2,6,12 months. IOP,best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), functional blebs and success rate were examined. RESULTS: There were no statistically differences with postoperative IOP in HUV+MMC group and SKGEL+MMC group (P>0.05) during 1 week to 12 months. There was no difference with postoperative function blebs and the change of BCVA during 1 week to 12 months between HUV+MMC group and SKGEL+MMC group (P>0.05).At 12 months after surgery, the success rate was 84% in HUV+MMC group,86% in SKGEL+MMC group. CONCLUSION: The application of HUV in NPTS can prevent the adhesion of filtering channel and it can improve the success rate of NPTS. Compared with SKGEL, HUV has lower price. So it is a better implant.

It is one of the main characters of malignant tumors that malignant tumor cells invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant tissues .Multiple factors are involved in this complicated dynamic process .Metastasis is the major factor influencing recurrence and prognosis .Therefore, it is important to explore the mechanism of invasion and metastasis for reducing recurrence rate and mortality of malignant tumors .Engulfment and cell mobility ( ELMO) family is one kind of conserved protein in evolutional process .It includes 3 members, ELMO1, ELMO2 and ELMO3.The members of ELMO family play an important role in cell phagocytosis and cell migration , and they also have close correlation with ma-lignant tumor cell invasion and metastasis .In this paper , we review the progress of the relationship between ELMO family and malignant tumor invasion and metastasis .

Four screening methods, colorimetric assay, blood-plate hemolysis method, surface tension activ- ity and oil spreading technique were introduced to isolate strains producing bio-demulsifiers from 6 different bacteria source samples. The results of various screening methods were evaluated in this paper. Seventeen demulsifying strains were obtained, which are qualified in demulsification test of kerosene model emulsions. Among them, 5 strains showed high demulsifying ability, achieving 70% plus demulsifying ratio within 24 hours. Petroleum-contaminated soil, excess sludge from biological process treating oilfield produced water and sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant were the best among all tested sources. Due to the determination limit, the colorimetric assay and blood-plate hemolysis method are not competent to screen bio-demulsifiers strains. The measurement of surface tension and oil spreading method were easy but accu- rate methods to isolate bio-demulsifiers strains. Although demulsification test of model emulsion is an effec- tive technique to target strains with the capability of breaking emulsions, it is sophisticated and time-con- suming. Thus it is recommended to use surface tension and oil spreading methods in pre-screening and vali- date the results in demulsification test with kerosene model emulsions.

Objective Study on the absorption,distribution,transformation,excretion and toxicity of four forms of arsenic in rats.Methods Four thousand and fifty data were obtained from 28 days animal metabolism experiments of 81 rats exposed to the four As species.Distribution,metabolism,excretion,and subacute toxicity of 4 As species were compared by analyzing the arsenate [As(V)],arsenite [As(Ⅲ)],methyl arsenate (MMAV) and dimethyl arsenate (DMAV) content of rat feces (excrement and urine),blood,seven organs,and liver and kidney pathology.Results After oral administration of each As species,82.9％ of As(Ⅲ),85.1％ of As(V),95.0％ of MMAV and 96.2％ of DMAV were accumulatively secreted via feces and urine,while 16.2％ of As(Ⅲ),14.1％ of As(V),4.65％ of MMAV and 0.120％ of DMAV were detected in blood.The DMAV accumulated in blood and urine after dosing As(Ⅲ),As(V) and MMAV,and the content of DMAV in the blood was 8 times greater than urine.Four kinds of arsenic had effects on rat liver and kidney function,the influence on liver was acute phase effect while that on renal was cumulative effects.The effect of As(Ⅲ) was the most significant,followed by MMAV.Four kinds of arsenic could cause tissue deformation and inflammatory cells infiltration,but showed no difference between groups.Conclusion The distribution,metabolism,excretion,and toxicity of the four kinds of arsenic in rats were different in varying degrees.The research of health risk for arsenic should consider its different forms.

AIM:To reveal the role and function of engulfment and cell mobility 1 (ELMO1) in the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells.METHODS:The expression of ELMO1 at protein and mRNA levels was detected in 5 kinds of gastric cancer cells and 1 normal human gastric epithelial cells by Western blot and real-time PCR, and the gastric cancer cells with the highest expression of ELMO1 were screened out.The cell transfection experiment was used to silence ELMO1 expression in the gastric cancer cells, and the effect of ELMO1 silencing on the invasion and migration of the gastric cancer cells was detected by Transwell assay.RESULTS:The expression level of ELMO1 in the gastric cancer cells was significantly higher than that in human normal gastric epithelial cells (P<0.01), and the SGC7901 cells had the highest expression level of ELMO1.ELMO1-siRNA significantly silenced the expression of ELMO1 in the SGC7901 cells (P<0.01).Silencing of ELMO1 expression significantly reduced the invasion and migration abilities of the human gastric can-cer cells (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:ELMO1 is highly expressed in the gastric cancer cells, and promotes the invasion and migration abilities of the gastric cancer cells.ELMO1 may become an effective target for the treatment of invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.

AIM: To investigate the effects and mechanism of enalapril on nephritis of diabetic mice. METHODS: Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin after uninephrectomy. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, diabetes, diabetes treated with enalapril (10 mg?kg~-1 ?d~-1 by gavage). 8 weeks after STZ injection, urine albumin excretion rate (AER) were measured, and glomerular morphology were observed by light microscopy. The levels of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) in renal tissue and urine as well as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in renal tissue were determined. Immunohistochemistry for ED-1 (macrophage marker), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were performed by streptavidin-biotin complex (SABC) technique. RESULTS: Increased kidney weight, ratio of kidney weight to body weight, AER and expansion of mesangial as well as tuft areas on histological examination of the kidney were significantly attenuated by the treatment of enalapril (P

?AIM: To evaluate the effect for refractory glaucoma by using Ex - Press miniature implantation with deep sclerectomy.?METHODS: Thirty eyes in 24 patients with refractory glaucoma were treated by Ex- Press miniature ( P50 ) implantation with deep sclerectomy. The patients’ symptom, intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , visual acuity and complications were analyzed in a 12mo follow-up period.?RESULTS: During the follow-up period, all patients’ ocular pain was reduced. The mean IOP before operation and at the last follow-up time were 51. 15 ± 2. 60mmHg (1kPa=7. 5mmHg) and 15. 11 ± 2. 51mmHg, respectively, there was significant difference (P<0. 05). Postoperative visual acuity was improved in 8 eyes, had no significant change in 22 eyes. After operation, hyphema of anterior chamber appeared in 2 eye ( 7%) , which were obsorbed after 1wk.? CONCLUSION: Ex - Press miniature implantation combined with deep sclerectomy surgery is a relatively effective and safe treatment for the patients with refractory glaucoma. This method can significantly degrade the IOP, lessen ocular pain and reduce the complications risk.