Bronchi ; pathology ; Bronchoscopy ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Middle Aged

AIM: To investigate the effect of PEDF on retinal neovascularization in mice. METHODS: 40 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice was exposed to 750mL/L oxygen for 5 days and then to normal situation to produce the murine model of oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR). One eye of the mouse was regarded as experimental one and the other served as control. Eyes in experimental group received intravitreal injection of PEDF and eyes in control group received intravitreal injection of PBS at postnatal day 12. All mice were executed at postnatal day 17. The changes of retinal vessels of mice were observed by ADPase histochemical technique. The inhibitory effect of PEDF on retinal neovascularization was evaluated by counting the endotheliocyte nuclei of new vessels which extended from retina to vitreous in the tissue slice of HE staining. RESULTS: Neovascularization was reduced, retinal blood vessels distributed regularly and non-perfusion areas were not found in eyes of experimental group compared with control group. The number of endotheliocyte nuclei of new vessels extending from retina to vitreous was significantly less in the eyes of experimental group (10.18±1.74) than that in control group (38.89±2.98) (P<0.01). Retinal toxicity and inflammatory reactions were not found in tissue slice.CONCLUSION: PEDF inhibits retinal angiogenesis in OIR and the feasibility should be determined for use of PEDF in ocular angiogenesis treatment.

AIM: To investigate the clinical therapeutic effects of human umbilical vein (HUV)implantation and mitomycin C (MMC) in non-penetrating trabecular surgery (NPTS). METHODS:A total of 32 patients (46 eyes) with uncontrolled primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) were divided into two groups: HUV+MMC group (n=25), SKGEL+MMC group (n=21). The procedure commenced with the creation of a limbus based conjunctival flap. After the dissection of a superficial limbus based rectangular scleral flap, MMC(0.4mg/mL) was used superior and inferior surface of the superficial scleral flap for three minutes. A second limbus based scleral flap was carefully dissected beneath the previous one towards the choroid. Schlemm's canal was deroofed during the extension of the deep scleral flap toits limbal edges. HUV or SKGEL fixed on the bed of sclera in experimental group. Postoperative examinations were performed at 1 week,2,4 weeks;2,6,12 months. IOP,best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), functional blebs and success rate were examined. RESULTS: There were no statistically differences with postoperative IOP in HUV+MMC group and SKGEL+MMC group (P>0.05) during 1 week to 12 months. There was no difference with postoperative function blebs and the change of BCVA during 1 week to 12 months between HUV+MMC group and SKGEL+MMC group (P>0.05).At 12 months after surgery, the success rate was 84% in HUV+MMC group,86% in SKGEL+MMC group. CONCLUSION: The application of HUV in NPTS can prevent the adhesion of filtering channel and it can improve the success rate of NPTS. Compared with SKGEL, HUV has lower price. So it is a better implant.

It is one of the main characters of malignant tumors that malignant tumor cells invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant tissues .Multiple factors are involved in this complicated dynamic process .Metastasis is the major factor influencing recurrence and prognosis .Therefore, it is important to explore the mechanism of invasion and metastasis for reducing recurrence rate and mortality of malignant tumors .Engulfment and cell mobility ( ELMO) family is one kind of conserved protein in evolutional process .It includes 3 members, ELMO1, ELMO2 and ELMO3.The members of ELMO family play an important role in cell phagocytosis and cell migration , and they also have close correlation with ma-lignant tumor cell invasion and metastasis .In this paper , we review the progress of the relationship between ELMO family and malignant tumor invasion and metastasis .

A total of 1140 medical workers from 8 public hospitals of secondary and tertiary levels in Anhui were surveyed with questionnaire. Their knowledge of the reform, acknowledgement of key points of the reform, desire of participating in the reform and other factors that may influence the reform were investigated as categorized by their hospital, position, title and age. This study comes up with such recommendations as reinforcing communications on public hospital reform, reforming the compensation mechanism to clarify government responsibilities, probing into a better model for multi-institution practice of certified physicians, and encouraging private capital to participate in medical service while ensuring its non-profit nature, and improving the performance appraisal mechanism to ensure incentives of medical workers. These recommendations aim to enable the health administrators in their decision making.

Four screening methods, colorimetric assay, blood-plate hemolysis method, surface tension activ- ity and oil spreading technique were introduced to isolate strains producing bio-demulsifiers from 6 different bacteria source samples. The results of various screening methods were evaluated in this paper. Seventeen demulsifying strains were obtained, which are qualified in demulsification test of kerosene model emulsions. Among them, 5 strains showed high demulsifying ability, achieving 70% plus demulsifying ratio within 24 hours. Petroleum-contaminated soil, excess sludge from biological process treating oilfield produced water and sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant were the best among all tested sources. Due to the determination limit, the colorimetric assay and blood-plate hemolysis method are not competent to screen bio-demulsifiers strains. The measurement of surface tension and oil spreading method were easy but accu- rate methods to isolate bio-demulsifiers strains. Although demulsification test of model emulsion is an effec- tive technique to target strains with the capability of breaking emulsions, it is sophisticated and time-con- suming. Thus it is recommended to use surface tension and oil spreading methods in pre-screening and vali- date the results in demulsification test with kerosene model emulsions.

·AIM: To study the expressive variation of Nogo-A on rat retina in the process of chronic ocular hypertension. · METHODS: Thirty-six healthy adult male Wistars were randomly divided into control group (6 rats) and chronic hypertension group (30 rats). Chronic hypertension was created by cauterizing the superficial scleral veins. Immunohistochemistry technique was used to evaluate the expressive varieties of Nogo-A at different time points during the course of chronic ocular hypertension. · RESULTS: The success of the model was indicated by over 40% of increase in the IOP as compared with normal rats. Compared with control group, as time passed chronic hypertension group gradually had detectable morphology changes in the retina. At the 21st day of chronic ocular hypertension, retinas became thinner and the quantity of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) decreased (P<0.05). Assoicated with the morphological changes, the expression of Nogo-A was strongly increased (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Myelin associated protein Nogo-A plays a part in the process of chronic ocular hypertension.

AIM:To compare one-site vs two-site phacotrabe-culectomy in chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) coexisting with cataract.METHODS:This prospective, randomized study included 41 eyes with CACG. One-site approach was performed in 21 eyes and two-site procedure in 20 eyes. Intraocular pressure (IOP), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the number of antiglaucoma medications and complications were observed. All patients were followed up for 9 months.RESULTS:There were no significant differences between the two groups preoperatively. IOP decreased from 22.7±4.9mmHg and 23.7±4.7mmHg preoperatively in one-and two-site groups to 18.0±1.2mmHg and 16.7±1.1mmHg 9 months after operation respectively(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in mean IOP between the two groups at any time (P>0.05). Decrease of the number of antiglaucoma medications and BCVA improvement were similar in both groups 9 months after surgery (P>0.05).There were no significant differences in complications between the two surgical procedures.CONCLUSION:There were no significant differences between the two groups in clinical efficacy and complications.

Background Neovascular glaucoma is a type of refractory glaucoma.Biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation is a primary therapy and its long-term effectiveness is noticeable. Objective The goal of this Survey was to evaluate the effectiveness of biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation for neovascular glaucoma and compare the clinical outcome with simple glaucoma valve implantation. Methods This was a retrospective observational case series.The clinical data of 44 eyes of 44 patients received biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation for neovascular glaucoma and 43 eyes of 43 patients received simple glaucoma valve implantation for neovascular glaucoma were retrospectively analyzed and compared.The age,sex and disease-cause were matched between these two groups.Patients were followed-up for 24 months after operation.Surgery success was identified as the intraocular pressure(IOP)<21 mmHg after operation.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to the operation.Results The IOP was<21 mmHg throughout the follow-up duration in both groups.No significant difierence was found in the IOP value in 1 week after operation between two groups(t=-5.34,P=0.60).However,IOP values were lower in biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation group in 3,12 and 24 months after operation than those of simple glaucoma valve implantation(t=6.64,t=5.00,t=7.81,P<0.01).Operation successful rates in biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation group were 97.73％.93.18％。90.24％and 82.05％in 1 week,3 months,12 months and 24 months respectively after operation.and those in simple glaucoma valve implantation were 95.35％,71.43％,65.00％and 60.53％in corresponding time points,showing considerably significant differences between two groups (χ2=7.06,χ2=7.47,χ2=4.37,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Ihe number of eyes with complication between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion The biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation surgery may be more effective and safe for the treatment of neovascular glaucoma than with glaucoma va]ve only.

?AIM: To evaluate the effect for refractory glaucoma by using Ex - Press miniature implantation with deep sclerectomy.?METHODS: Thirty eyes in 24 patients with refractory glaucoma were treated by Ex- Press miniature ( P50 ) implantation with deep sclerectomy. The patients’ symptom, intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , visual acuity and complications were analyzed in a 12mo follow-up period.?RESULTS: During the follow-up period, all patients’ ocular pain was reduced. The mean IOP before operation and at the last follow-up time were 51. 15 ± 2. 60mmHg (1kPa=7. 5mmHg) and 15. 11 ± 2. 51mmHg, respectively, there was significant difference (P<0. 05). Postoperative visual acuity was improved in 8 eyes, had no significant change in 22 eyes. After operation, hyphema of anterior chamber appeared in 2 eye ( 7%) , which were obsorbed after 1wk.? CONCLUSION: Ex - Press miniature implantation combined with deep sclerectomy surgery is a relatively effective and safe treatment for the patients with refractory glaucoma. This method can significantly degrade the IOP, lessen ocular pain and reduce the complications risk.