Sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) refers to the percentage of DNA strand breaks in the total sperm. Many studies suggest that elevated DFI can lead to male infertility and early spontaneous abortion. High-DFI patients are more likely to fail in assisted reproduction and preliminary treatment or prevention methods have been developed for this population. This review focuses on the impact of DFI on clinical pregnancy outcomes and progress in the studies of its treatment.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Chromatin ; DNA Fragmentation ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Spermatozoa

Objective To assess the regional left ventricular (LV) rotation motion in the patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) with velocity vector imaging (VVI).Methods This study included 38 patients with isolated MS (mild,moderate and severe) and 55 healthy control subjects.Short-axis parasternal views at the basal and apical level of LV were taken.Peak value of rotation angle and rotation velocity,as well as time to peak value were measured by VVI workplace offline respectively.Results ①In the healthy control subjects LV rotates clockwisely at the base and counterclockwisely at the apex,the same as the patients with MS.② In th patients with MS,rotaion angle and rotation velocity were significantly reduced at the apical level(P ＜0.001),rotation velocity were significantly reduced at some segments of basal level (anterior,lateral,septal) (P ＜ 0.05).③Compared with the healthy control,the difference of time to peak roation angle between base and apex was significantly longer in patients with MS (P ＜0.05).④ There were no significant differences among mild,moderate and severe MS (P ＞0.05).Conclusions The patients with MS may suffer from systolic dysfunctin even in the early stage identified by the alteration of LV rotation motion,which is independent of the hemodynamic severity of MS.

Objective To investigate the suppression effect of RNA interference(RNAi) on the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell line. Methods SKOV3 cells were transfected with synthetic EGFR sequence-specific dsRNA by lipofectamin 2000.The expression level of EGFR mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting,respectively.The proliferation of transfected SKOV3 cells was detected by WST-1 cell proliferation assay.The abilities of adhesion,migration and invasion were detected by cell adhesion assay,cell migration assay and Matrigel invasion assay,respectively. Results The suppression rates on EGFR mRNA and protein by sequence-specific dsRNA-EGFR were 73.65% and 58.94%,respectively.The cell proliferation was inhibited by 22.54%,35.76% and 31.07%,respectively at 24,48 and 72 h after transfection.The adhesion of sequence-specific dsRNA transfected SKOV3 cells for 30 min and 90 min were reduced by 12.11% and 18.66%,respectively.The migration and invasion of SKOV3 cells were decreased by 25.47% and 22.08%,respectively. Conclusion The down-regulation of EGFR expression of ovarian cancer by sequence-specific dsRNA can lead to the suppression of proliferation,adhesion,migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells.

Objective: To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of recombinant human endostatin YH-16 combined with navelbine and cisplatin in the first line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its effect on the survival. Methods: Eighty patients with advanced NSCLC were recruited from May, 2007 and May, 2010, and they were randomly divided into study group (n=40, treated with YH-16 combined with navelbine and cisplatin) and conrol group (n=40, treated with navelbine plus cisplatin). The short-term efficacy and adverse effects were evaluated every six weeks (one chemotherapy cycle was given every 3 weeks). The survival was calculated. Results: Thirty-nine patients in the study group and 36 patients in the control group were evaluable. The stable disease rate in the study group was higher than that in the control group (53.8% vs 27.8%, χ2=5.25, P=0.022), and the clinical benefit rate was also higher (76.9% vs 55.6%, χ2=3.85, P=0.050). The progressive disease rate in the study group was lower than that in the control group (23.1% vs 44.4%, χ2=3.85, P=0.050). There were no significantly differences in time to progression and overall survival between the two groups (P>0.05). Most adverse effects were hematologic toxicities and digestive reactions, and the incidence rate was not significantly different between the two groups. The incidence rate of abnormal electrocardiogram in asymptomatic person was higher in the study group than that in the control group (χ2=16.27, P=0.001). Conclusion: YH-16 combined with navelbine and cisplatin as the first line treatment for advanced NSCLC can improve the stable disease rate, and the clinical benefit rate, decrease the progressive disease rate, and increase the rate, of cardiac electrophysiological abnormality, but the overall safety is acceptable.

Blood samples were detected by 24 blood-glucose meters using glucose oxidase and another 18 glucose meters using glucose dehydrogenase. The plasma glucose was detected by the auto-chemistry analyzer as control. According to ISO1 5197 and EF9-A2, the bias of results from both glucose meters 100% fall in the range of ±0. 56 mmol/L( ＜4. 2 mmol/L) and ≥99. 7% in the range of ±20% ( ≥4. 2 mmol/L), predicted bias were all less than the true bias(Bc). As κ＞0. 6, the results from both glucose meters were in accordance with the results from autochemistry analyzer in judging hyperglycemia ( ＞6. 11 mmol/L) and hypoglycemia ( ＜ 3.89 mmol/L). Between the results from the two blood-glucose meters, κ＜0. 6. The accuracy of both glucose-meters are accepted for the purpose of clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical value and adverse reactions of indwelling ureteral stentsinthepreventionofureteralinjurybeforecomplexpelvictumorsurgery.Methods 145casesofpatients with rectal cancer ,cervical cancer ,ovarian cancer and pelvic sarcomas were retrospectively analyzed ,and 53 pa-tients with complex pelvic tumor surgery ,preoperative were under cystoscope unilateral or bilateral ureteral stent tube,pulled out according to the intraoperative situation after surgery or lien ,92 patients as control group .Results Ureteral injury was found in 10 of the 145 patients,2 cases in ureteral catheter group and 8 cases in control group .3 cases of postoperative ureteral fistula occurred in the control group .Indwelling ureteral stents could cause adverse reactions such as hematuria ,osphyalgia and urinary irritation ,and the adverse reactions of catheter group was obviously higher than that of control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Cystoscopic ureteral stent placement has important clinical significance for prevention of ureteral injury despite certain adverse reactions ,which can be used in operation of complex pelvic tumor .

Background Clinical effectiveness of intavitreal injection of glucocorticosteroid for macular edema has been verified,especially triamcinolone acetonide(TA).However,the efficacy and safety of combination of TA with macular laser grid photocoagulation for macular edema is concerned. Objective This clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of TA combined with macular laser grid photocoagulation in the treatment of macular edema. Methods A case-cohort study was designed.One hundred and twenty eyes of 120 patients with macular edema from diabetes or retinal vein occlusion were included in this study.The patients were randomized into trial group and control group,with the matched age,course,visual acuity,intraocular pressure (IOP).The patients of the trial group received intravitreal injection of TA combined with macular laser grid photocoagulation,and those of the control group were managed with macular laser grid photocoagulation only.Best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA),optical coherence tomography(OCT),fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) and IOP were examined before TA injection and 1 week,1 month,3 months,6 months after treatment and compared among different time points between two groups.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to entering this trial. Results Compared with TA injection before,the BCVA was significantly elevated in the trial group 1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after TA injection( all P=0.000),however,no obvious improvement of visual acuity was found in the control group before and after treatment at any time point (P＞0.05 ).At various time points,the visual acuity was significantly improved in the trial group than the control group (P =0.037,0.000,0.002,0.046 ).Macular thickness was significantly decreased at various time points after TA injection in comparison with before TA injection in the trial group(all P=0.000),but no significant change in macular thickness in the control group between before and after treatment at any time point( P＞0.05 ).Macular thickness was lower in the trial group compared with the control group at various time points after treatment ( P＜0.05 ).Recurrence of macular edema was seen in 7 eyes ( 1 1.67％ ) 4-6 months,and the IOP raise( ＞21 mmHg)was found in 11 eyes( 14.1％ )after TA injection in the trial group.Conclusions Intravitreal injection of TA combined with macular laser grid photocoagulation can be an effective method in the treatment of macular edema.However,recurrence of macular edema or increase of IOP may occur in a few patients within 6 months after TA injection.A long-term follow-up should be performed for the evaluation of efficacy and safety after intravitreous injection of TA.

The kinetics of batch and fed-batch cultures of recombinant Escherichia coli to produce humanlike collagen were investigated. Through examining the density of substrate and the amount of mushrooms and the density of products during the process of fermenting, a set of kinetic models are set up. The influence of cell without plasmid was considered. The results show that the kinetic model may well simulate the fermenting process.

Objective To explore the application of Artglass material in aesthetical restoration. Methods A total of 2196 restoratio ns, including 1963 veneers and 233 crowns, were made for 335 patients, and clini cal results were examined and recorded one by one. The related problems were dis cussed. Results There was significant improvement on cosmetics in most of the 2196 restorations; 44 restorations in 21 patients were failed, re sulting in a failure rate of 2%. The failure cases were repaired with Chrisma ma terial or remade with Artglass material. Conclusion Artglass ma terial has satisfactory prosthesis effects in aesthetical restoration. The bondi ng process and occlusion adjustment are important and should be specially notice d.

Objective To explore the effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α receptor Ⅱ:IgG Fc fusion protein injection (rhTNFR:FC) on the expression of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in the synovial fluid and peripheral blood of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA); and to explore the clinical significance of COMP for JIA and the relationship between rhTNFR:FC and COMP in JIA.Methods Thirty-five patients with JIA (JIA group),30 patients with traumatic arthritis (trauma group) and 30 patients with indirect inguinal hernia hernioplasty (normal group) were included.Peripheral blood from all enrolled patients and synovial fluid from 15 JIA and 10 trauma arthritis were obtained for COMP detection before the treatment.Fifteen JIA (group A) patients were treated with combined rhTNFR:FC,diseasemodifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),20 JIA (group B) were treated with combined DMARDs and NSAIDs.After three to six months' treatment and when the disease were in remission,peripheral blood from group A and B were drawn for COMP detection.In group A,the synovial fluid from 5 patients were obtained for COMP detection after treatment.At the same time,such as tender joint count (TJC),swollen joint count (SJC),time for morning stiffness,blood routine,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),and C-reactive protein (CRP) and other parameters before and after treatment were measured.The level of COMP was tested by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The measurement data were tested for variance and independent sample t-test; and the enumeration data were tested by chi-squared or Fisher's exact test.Pearson's correlation analysis was adopted to analyze the association among the variables.Results ① The blood COMP level before treatment was (0.77±0.29) ng/ml in the JIA group,(1.00±0.28) ng/ml in the traumatic arthritis group,and (1.33±0.37) ng/ml in the normal control group.The level in the former two groups was obviously lower than that in the normal control group.The variation was statistically significant (F=25.345,P＜0.05).The comparison between any two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05).② The COMP level in the synovial fluid before treatment were (14.8±1.6) ng/ml in the JIA group,(15.1±1.0) ng/ml in the traumatic arthritis group.The variation was not stati-stically significant (t=0.523,P=0.606).③ The serum COMP level of the systemic JIA group was obviously lower than that of the oligoarticular JIA patients,and patients with enthesitis-related arthritis and polyarticular JIA (0.26± 0.03 vs.0.87±0.17,0.89±0.22 and 0.70±0.35 ng/ml,respectively; F=9.244,P＜0.05).④ The serum COMP level of JIA at the acute phase was negatively correlated with white blood cells count (WBC),CRP and ESR (r=-0.556,-0.582 and-0.684,respectively; P all＜0.05).By contrast,no correlation was detected between the serum COMP level and joint tenderness index,joint swelling index,morning stiffness duration,hemoglobin level and platelet count(r=0.06,-0.206,-0.107,0.15 and-0.185,respectively; P all ＞0.05).⑤ The serum COMP level was obviously lower in the JIA with joint destruction than that without joint destruction (0.52±0.22 vs.0.92±0.22 ng/ml; t=5.207,P＜0.05).⑥After treatment,the blood COMP level in group A was (1.33±0.21) ng/ml and (0.96±0.22) ng/ml in group B,which was obviously higher than that in the JIA group before treatment (0.77±0.29) ng/ml.In addition,the level in group A was higher than that in group B.The variation was statistically significant (F=24.681,P＜0.05).⑦ After treatment,the COMP level in the synovial fluid (18.4± 1.1) ng/ml (n=5) was higher than that before the treatment was (14.8± 1.6) ng/ml (n =15).The variation was of statistical significant (t=4.565,P＜0.05).Conclusion The COMP level in blood and synovial fluid declines before treatment and increases after treatment.The increase is more obvious after combined with rhTNFR:FC treatment.The serum COMP level is remarkably decreased in JIA at the acute phase,systemic JIA,and the JIA with destruction of joint,and showes a negative correlation with WBC,CRP and ESR.Serum COMP may be a useful marker of active disease,destruction of joint and growth inhibition for patients with JIA.rhTNFR:FC treatment for JIA can facilitate the recovery of COMP.