Objectives:To evaluate the effect of different teeth arrangement methods on the masticatory efficiency of complete dentures.Methods: Three complete dentures for each of ten edentulous patients were made respectively by using maxillary teeth arrangement,mandibular teeth arrangement and comprehensive teeth arrangement methods.After three months of wearing,the masticatory efficiency of the three complete dentures was tested by light absorption method,and was compared to that of dentulous subjects.Results:The masticatory stroke and masticatory efficiency in denture wearing group were fewer and weaker than those in dentulous group in either bilateral mastication or unilateral mastication. Good masticatory efficiency was gained after three months of wearing the complete dentures made by the three different teeth arrangement methods.There were no significant difference in the masticatory stroke and masticatory efficiency of complete dentures made by mandibular teeth arrangement and comprehensive teeth arrangement methods,but they were both higher than those made by maxillary teeth arrangement method.Conclusions:The complete dentures made by mandibular teeth arrangement method and comprehensive teeth arrangement method are feasible for restoration of masticatory efficiency of endentulous patients.

Aim To study the hypnotic effect of five alkaloids extracted from Rhizoma Coptidis (berberine , coptisine,palmatine,epiberberine,jatrorrhizine )in mice,and preliminarily explore its underlying mecha-nism.Methods The experiments of locomotor activity and hypnosis induced by suprathreshold and subthresh-old doses of pentobarbital sodium were used to evaluate the effect of drugs on sleep behavior in mice.Then, HPLC-FLD was used to detect the contents of NE,DA and 5-HT on PCPA mice model.Results Compared with control group,berberine and coptisine notably in-hibited spontaneous activity in behavioral experiments (P <0.05),and increased the sleeping percentage of mice under subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium. Berberine and coptisine shortened the period of sleep latency,and prolonged the sustained period of sleeping at suprathreshold dose in mice (P <0.05 or P <0.01 ).Other alkaloids had no significant differences in sleep latency and period of sleep observed in this current experiment.Compared with PCPA mice model group,berberine and coptisine remarkably increased the contents of NE and 5-HT (P <0.01 ),but they had no effects on DA.Conclusions Berberine and coptisine may play a sedative and hypnotic role in PC-PA mice by increasing contents of 5-HT and NE in hy-pothalamus,and the sedative and hypnotic effects of berberine are stronger than those of coptisine.Other alkaloids have no effects on sleeping in mice.

Aim To find the material foundation of treatment for diabetes in Coptidis Rhizoma ( RC ) . Methods The antihyperglycemic effect of RC alka-loids ( berberine, coptisine, palmatine, epiberberine, and jatrorrhizine) was evaluated in spontaneity diabe-tes KK-Ay mice. Results After 40 days′ oral admin-istration ( 225 mg · kg-1 · d-1 , ig ) , berberine and coptisine significantly suppressed the elevated fasting blood glucose level and ameliorated the glucose toler-ance . Body weight gain of KK-Ay mice was significant-ly decreased in the epiberberine-treated group. Berber-ine improved insulin resistance and jatrorrhizine in-creased the SOD activity, decreased the MDA level. Conclusions These results indicate that the main an-tihypoglycemic effect constituents are berberine and coptisine, while they show different mechanisms. Pal-matine, epiberberine and jatrorrhizine display different potential roles in the treatment of diabetes. The meth-ylene-dioxy groups at the C-2 , C-3 , C-9 and C-10 po-sitions are indispensable for antihyperglycemic effect of RC alkaloids.

Objective To evaluate the effect of integrated control measures on soil-transmitted nematodiasis so as to provide the evidence for formulating the appropriate control strategies and measures in Jinhu County,Jiangsu Province. Methods Since 1995,the comprehensive control measures were carried out for soil-transmitted nematodiasis,and the measures included deworm-ing,health education,safe water,sanitation and environmental remediation. The effects of the comprehensive control measures were evaluated by the investigations of the prevalence of soil-transmitted nematodiasis,awareness of health knowledge,and behav-iors of residents. Results From 1995 to 2012,646 437 person-times were administrated in deworming medication with 2.48 times per capita;the benefit rate of safe water was 97.90%;the popularity rate of harmless toilets was 86.89%. The awareness rate of health knowledge increased from 54.05%in 1996 to 95.60%in 2012,the difference between them were statistically significant (χ2=230.92,P<0.01);the rate of correct health behaviors increased from 59.07%in 1996 to 96.40%in 2012,the difference between them had statistical significance(χ2=202.69,P<0.01). The prevalence of soil-transmitted nematodiasis decreased from 62.57%in 1989 to 1.21%in 2012,the difference had statistical significance(χ2=1 016.92,P<0.01). The infection rates of Asca-ris lumbricodes,hookworm and Trichuris trichiura were 0.58%,1.12%and 0,respectively in 2012,and compared with the rates of those infections in 1989,the decline rates were 94.96%,97.28%and 100%respectively,the differences between them were sta-tistically significant(χ2A sc aris =129.50,χ2hookworm=544.62,χ2Tri ch uris =254.19,all P<0.01). Conclusion The comprehensive control strategies and measures are effective and soil-transmitted nematodiasis has been controlled in Jinhu County.

Objective:To investigate the causes of enteral nutrition interruption in pediatric intensive care unit and its relationship with prognosis.Methods:In this retrospective study, 471 critically ill children admitted to PICU of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January to June 2019 were enrolled.Data were collected to describe the patient cohort(anthropometrics and diagnostic category) and nutrition practices(feeding mode, frequency, duration, and causes of feeding interruptions). The effect of nutritional interruption on the prognosis of children was statistically analyzed.Results:Ninety-four patients(20.0%) had moderate malnutrition at PICU admission, fifty-eight patients(12.3%) had severe malnutrition.The nutritional deterioration rate was 3.8%(18 cases). The average weight loss during hospitalization was -0.14 kg.A total of 181(38.4%) patients had feeding interruption(FI) during hospitalization.There were 362 episodes of FI in total, with a median of two episodes per patient.Median duration of each episode was 14.89 h. The most common cause of FI was feeding intolerance( n=158, 43.6%). There were 270 episodes of FI in children feeded with milk powder.Median energy deficits per episode was -56.53 kcal/kg.There was no significant difference regarding the duration of FI among children with different diseases, different ages and different critical scores.Children with FI had significantly longer length of hospitalization, more hospitalization costs, greater length of mechanical ventilation and greater loss of weight( P<0.05, respectively). Conclusion:Enteral nutrition interruption is very common in PICU, and FI is the main reason.Nutrition interruption will reduce energy intake, which can prolong the period of hospitalization and mechanical ventilation, increase the hospitalization cost and the weight loss.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of mitomycin C in reducing hypertrophic scar in rat traumatic osteomyelitis model.Methods A total of 120 Wistar rats were divided into control group (Group A,n =40),traumatic osteomyelitis group (Group B,n =40),traumatic osteomyelitis treated with Mitomycin C group (Group C,n =40),according to the random number table.The model of traumatic osteomyelitis was produced by Staphylococcus aureus.Muscle tissues around the focus were harvested at 15 d and 30 d postinjury.HE staining was used to observe the changes of muscle tissue structure.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1.Masson staining was used for collagen deposition evaluation.Western blot was used for detection of levels of TGF-β1 and collagen Ⅰ.Results HE staining revealed consistent alignment of fibers within the muscle in Group A.Fibrosis with the muscle was observed in both Group B and C,but the degree of muscle fiber disorder was decreased in Group C compared to Group B.Either 15 d or β0 d after injury,expressions intensity of TGF-β1,collagen fraction volume,and activation levels of TGF-β1 as well as collagen Ⅰ were higher in Group B and C than Group A,and all parameters were decreased in Group C compared to Group B (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Mitomycin C can reduce hypertrophic scar formation in traumatic osteomyelitis model,and the potential mechanism relates to downregulated TGF-β1 and collagen Ⅰ.

The gastrointestinal tract is the most vulnerable organ to infection, trauma, shock and other stress states.The incidence of gastrointestinal failure is high, which seriously affects the prognosis of critically ill children, but it lacks clear diagnostic indicators for clinical application.The intestinal blood supply mainly comes from superior mesenteric artery, so the blood perfusion of superior mesenteric artery can reflect the intestinal circulation.Based on the latest progress of gastrointestinal failure all over the world, and the extensive application of near infrared spectroscopy in brain and gastrointestinal tract, this study puts forward a powerful clinical index for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal failure-mesenteric local tissue oxygen saturation.

RNA interference (RNAi) has exhibited huge potentials on anti-HIV-1 therapy research. The obtainment of RNAi element targeting to HIV-1 highly effectively and specifically was crucial for relevant research. Recent reports had described that microRNAs (miRNAs) posses more characteristics of inhibition and expression mechanisms than small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). In this study we explored the construction of artificial miRNA targeting to HIV-1 effectively and specifically. Sixteen siRNAs sequences were selected based on the conserved regions in the HIV-1 pol gene. ShRNA expression vectors were co-transfected with HIV-1 clone pNL4-3 to evaluate the abilities of siRNAs to inhibit HIV-1 expression. The pol1026 sequence was selected from candidates. The target sequence in the stem-loop structure of the well-characterized native miR-30a was replaced with pol1026 sequences, and the artificial miRNA expression vectors were co-transfected with the HIV-1 clone pNL4-3, results showed that HIV-1 can be effectively inhibited by miR-1026E. Target specificity of miR-1026E was confirmed by co-transfection assay with reporter plasmids containing different target sequences. The miR-1026E expression element was then inserted into Lentivirus which was used as a vector to transduce the MT-4 cells, MT-4-miR1026E expressing miR-1026E stably was cloned from transduced cells. The MT-4-miR1026E cell effectively inhibited HIV-1 replication in vitro. And the intracellular miR-181 and miR-16 expression levels and statl mRNA levels were not affected by the expression of miR-1026E in MT-4-miR1026E cells. miR-1026E is a promising candidate for future research.
Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Targeting ; methods ; Genetic Engineering ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; HIV Infections ; virology ; HIV Protease ; genetics ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; physiology ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA Interference ; Transfection ; Virus Replication ; genetics

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors for lung metastasis of hepato-cellular carcinoma after liver transplantation and application value of its nomogram prediction model.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 339 hepatocellular carcinoma patients with lung metastasis after liver transplantation who were admitted to Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from January 2015 to June 2019 were collected. There were 299 males and 40 females, aged from 23 to 73 years, with a median age of 54 years. According to the random numbers showed in the computer, all 339 patients were divided into training dataset consisting of 226 and validation dataset consisting of 113, with a ratio of 2:1. All patients underwent classic orthotopic liver transplantation. Observation indicators: (1) analysis of clinicopathological data of patients in the training dataset and validation dataset; (2) follow-up; (3) analysis of influencing factors for lung metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplanta-tion; (4) construction and evaluation of nomogram prediction model for lung metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination and telephone interview to detect lung metastasis of patients up to November 2020. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the paired t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( P25, P75) or M(range), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute number or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate lung metastasis rate and draw lung metastasis curve. The Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. The COX proportional hazard model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, the nomogram prediction model was constructed. The prediction accuracy of the nomogram model was evaluated using C-index and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The calibration curve was used to evaluate the prediction error of the model. Results:(1) Analysis of clinicopathological data of patients in the training dataset and validation dataset: there was no significant difference in general data between patients in the training dataset and validation dataset ( P>0.05). (2) Follow-up: 226 patients in training dataset and 113 patients in validation dataset were followed up. The follow-up time of training dataset was 5.2 to 69.0 months, with a median follow-up time of 29.3 months, and the follow-up time of validation dataset was 4.3 to 69.0 months, with a median follow-up time of 30.4 months. Up to the last follow-up, 48 cases of the training dataset and 22 cases of the validation dataset had lung metastasis, with the incidence and median time of lung metastasis were 21.24%(48/226), 19.47%(22/113) and 8.5 months, 7.8 months, respectively. There was no significant difference in lung metastasis between patients in the training dataset and validation dataset ( χ2=0.144, P>0.05). (3) Analysis of influencing factors for lung metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: results of univariate analysis showed that age, alpha fetoprotein, tumor diameter, tumor differentiation degree, vascular invasion, systemic immune inflammation index and postoperative treatment were related factors for lung metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation ( hazard ratio=0.465, 3.413, 1.140, 3.791, 2.524, 2.053, 1.833, 95% confidence interval as 0.263?0.822, 1.740?6.695, 1.091?1.191, 1.763?8.154, 1.903?3.349, 1.047?4.027, 1.038?3.238, P<0.05) . Results of multivariate analysis showed that age, tumor diameter and vascular invasion were independent influencing factors for lung metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation ( hazard ratio=0.462, 1.076, 2.170, 95% confidence interval as 0.253?0.843, 1.013?1.143, 1.545?3.048, P<0.05). (4) Construction and evaluation of nomogram prediction model for lung metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: the C-index was 0.810 (95% confidence interval as 0.758?0.863) and 0.802 (95% confidence interval as 0.723?0.881) of the nomogram prediction model for lung metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplanta-tion in the training dataset and validation dataset, respectively, showing good discrimination ability. The area under ROC of 0.5-, 1- and 2-year nomogram prediction model in the training dataset and the validation dataset were 0.815(95% confidence interval as 0.725?0.905), 0.863(95% confidence interval as 0.809?0.917), 0.835(95% confidence interval as 0.771?0.900)and 0.873(95% confidence interval as 0.801?0.945), 0.858(95% confidence interval as 0.760?0.956), 0.841(95% confidence interval as 0.737?0.945), respectively, which illustrated that the model had good predictive ability. The formula of nomogram prediction model=33.300 06+(?33.300 06)×age(≤50 years=0, >50 years=1)+2.857 14×tumor diameter (cm)+31.585 71×vascular invasion (M0 stage of microvascular invasion staging=0, M1 stage of microvascular invasion staging=1, M2 stage of microvascular invasion staging=2, visible tumor thrombus=3). The optimal threshold of nomogram risk score was 77.5. Patients with risk score ≥77.5 were assigned into high risk group, and patients with risk score <77.5 were assigned into low risk group. The 0.5-,1- and 2-year lung metastasis rate of patients in the high risk group and low risk group of the training dataset were 16.7%, 39.2%, 46.4% and 1.4%, 4.1%, 6.9%, respectively, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=54.86, P<0.05). The 0.5-,1- and 2-year lung metastasis rate of patients in the high risk group and low risk group of the validation dataset were 17.6%, 29.0%, 39.5% and 0, 3.1%, 4.8%, respectively, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=25.29, P<0.05). Conclusions:Age, tumor diameter and vascular invasion are independent influencing factors for lung metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation. The nomogram prediction model based on age, tumor diameter and vascular invasion can predict risk of lung metastasis for hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation accurately.

Objective: To explore the relationship between internalized stigma and insight, self-esteem in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 144 schizophrenic patients were investigated by the general information questionnaire, insight and treatment attitude questionnaire (ITAQ), internalized stigma of mental illness scale-Chinese version (ISMI-C) and the self-esteem scale (SES). Pearson correlative analysis and Bootstrap program mediation effect test were used to data analysis. Results: There was a significantly positively correlation between insight score(11.24±4.08) and internalized stigma score(2.18±0.65) of 144 schizophrenic patients(r=0.236, P<0.05). The Self-esteem score(27.57±3.76) was negatively correlated with insight score(r=-0.177, P<0.05) and internalized stigma score(r=-0.661, P<0.05). The mediation effect test analysis showed that the internalized stigma played a full mediating role in the relationship between insight and self-esteem, and the effect size was -0.143. Conclusion Insight can indirectly affect self-esteem via internalized stigma in patients with schizophrenia.Taking measures to decrease inpatients' internalized stigma level and improve their illness awareness should be paid attention in clinical practice.