Objective To compare the effects of different blood purification methods on the removal of large and medium molecular toxins in patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD), and to provide the clinical basis for selecting suitable dialysis modalities to prevent or delay the long term complications of uremic patients.Methods60 MHD patients with long term and stable hemodialysis were enrolled in this study.All of them were selected from the patients with insufficient hemodialysis.According to the digital table,60 patients were randomly divided into high flux hemodialysis (HFHD)group and hemodiafiltration (HDF) group,30 cases in each group.And before,3 months and 6 months after dialysis, the serum β2-MG,PTH and Cys C after dialysis were tested.Results The clearance of PTH in the HFHD group[(286.34±127.33)pg/mL] was significantly higher than that in the HDF group[(376.04±141.74)pg/mL],the difference was statistically significant(t=2.45,P<0.05).The clearance of β2-MG in the HDF group[(11.34±1.96)mg/L]was significantly higher than that in the HFHD group[(15.41±3.02)mg/L],the difference was significant(t=5.88,P<0.05).The clearance of Cys C in the HFHD group[(263.67±98.72)μg/dL]was significantly higher than that in the HDF group[(345.63±105.00)μg/dL],the difference was statistically significant(t=2.96,P<0.05).Conclusion Both two dialysis methods are very effective in the removal of large and medium molecular uremic toxins in patients.In the removal of patients with increased PTH,HFHD is more effective.In the removal of patients with increased β2-MG,HDF is more effective.In the removal of Cys C,HFHD is better.

Objective To investigate the effect of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on the catalase activity and the levels of malondialdehyde in cultured bovine retinal capillary pericytes (BRPs), and to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and diabetic retinopathy. Methods Cultured BRPs were exposed to AGEs (0, 8, 32, 125, 500, 2 000 ?g/ml) for four days. Activity and the levels of catalase and malondialdehyde in cultured BRPs were examined by spectrophotometry. Results AGEs decreased the catalase activity, whereas increased the levels of malondialdehyde of cultured BRPs in a dose dependent manner ( r=-0.714, r=0.748, P

Objective To evaluate the effect of argon laser photocoagulation (photocoagulation group) and endolaser photocoagulation during vitrectomy (vitrectomy group) on the eyes with Eales disease by fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) and visual acuity (VA).Methods Sixty-seven eyes with Eales were treated by photocoagulation and 31 eyes with Eales were treated by vitrectomy. The changes of FFA and VA before and after treatment were observed.Results In the photocoagulation group, retinal non-perfusion disappeared in 31eyes(55 4%),alleviated in 17eyes(30 4%),unchanged in four eyes(7 1%)and deteriorated in four eyes(7 1%).Retinal neovascularization disappeared in 30 eyes(50 8%),alleviated in 19 eyes (32 2%),remained in six eyes(10 2%)and deteriorated in four eyes(6 8%).The first FFA after treatment, non-perfusion was existed in 25 eyes in photocoagulation group, and only was existed in two eyes in vitrectomy group.Neovascularization was existed in 29 eyes in photocoagulation group, and was existed in three eyes in vitrectomy group.The best visual correction(VA≥3 0) in photocoagulation and vitrectomy groups respectively was 30 eyes and zero eye before treatment,and after treatment respectively was 47 eyes and five eyes.There were 54 eyes and 11 eyes with VA≥0 05 in photocoagulation and vitrectomy groups respectively before treatment,and 60 eyes and 20 eyes with VA≥0 5 respectively after treatment.Conclusions The better result of FFA in vitrectomy group was related to the sufficient photocoagulation by endolaser. The higher rate of low vision in vitrectomy group was related to the impairment of macula by large amount of vitreous hemorrhages,retina detachment and vitrectomy. So the patients with Eales should be checked by FFA as early as possible.If the patients had the indicator to be treated by laser,they should be treated early and rechecked by FFA,to avoid the visual function harm by repeated vitreous hemorrhage due to incomplete treatment.

Objective To study the effects of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) on the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-?B) induced by advanced glycation end products(AGEs) in retinal pigment epithelial(RPE).Methods The expressions of NF-?B were detected by immunohistochemical method when the RPE cells were cultured with different concentrations of AGEs in different time points.Results With the increasing of concentrations of AGEs,the expression of NF-?B in RPE was increased gradually.The expression of NF-?B in RPE was higher when the cells were cultured with AGEs for 24 h than that of other time points.With the increasing of the concentration of TMP,the expression of NF-?B in RPE was decreased gradually.Conclusion The AGEs can induce the expression of NF-?B in RPE,and the TMP can prevent the effects of AGEs in a concentration dependent manner.

Objective To study the influence of probucol on the diabetic mellitus patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) about blood lipids,serum level of the total antioxidant capacity (TAOC),malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and macular edema,so as to provide clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of early DR by probucol.Methods 66 type 2 diabetes patients with 127 NPDR eyes were included.Patients were random divided into control and treatment groups,the control group was treated by intensive therapy of blood glucose and blood pressure control,and the treatment group was treated with the intensive therapy and probucol 0.375g,2 times a day for 12 months.Before and after treatment,the blood lipids,oxidative stress indicators and fundus fluorescein angiography in both groups had been determined.Results 62 cases with 120 eyes were enrolled in this study.Probucol obviously decreased levels of total cholesterol (TC) [ (3.6 ± 0.58) mmol/L VS (4.71 ± 0.61)mmol/L,t = 7.65,P ＜ 0.01 ],triglyceride (TG) [ (1.07 ± 0.35) mmol/L VS (1.23 ± 0.43) mmol/L,t = 2.02,P ＜ 0.05 ],low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) [ (2.0 ± 0.47) mmol/L VS (2.55 ±0.56)mmol/L,t =4.18,P ＜0.01] and MDA[ (10.35 ±2.97)nmol/L VS (14.83 ±2.75)nmol/L,t =6.18,P ＜0.01] in plasma of the patients.Levels of TAOC [(19.25±4.11)u/ml VS (16.63 ±3.27)u/ml,t =3.57,P ＜0.01 ]and SOD[ (94.52 ± 10.28)u/ml VS (75.37 ± 9.87) u/ml,t =8.62,P ＜0.01]were significantly improved in the probucol group,and the macular edema was significantly reduced in patients of the probucol group(x2 =4.219,P ＜0.05).Conclusion Probucol regulated serum lipids,and it had the apparent action of antioxidant,and it decreased the incidence of macular edema.Probucol had a therapeutic effect in patients with NDPR.

Objective To explore the effect of miR-24-2 on the in vitro proliferation of U-2OS cells. Methods U-2OS cells were randomly allocat-ed into 4 groups:miR-24-2 mimic group,miR-24-2 inhibitor group,negative control group,and normal control group. MicroRNAs were transfected into U-2OS cells using Lipofectamine?2000. miR-24-2 expression level and the proliferation of U-2OS cells after transfection were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR(RT-qPCR)and MTT proliferation assays,respectively. Results RT-qPCR results showed that miR-24-2 level was sig-nificantly higher in the miR-24-2 mimic group and lower in the miR-24-2 inhibitor group than those in the controls,indicating the successive trans-fection. MTT proliferation assay results proved that the cell viability was significantly lower in the U-2OS cells transfected with miR-24-2 mimic and higher in inhibitor groups compared to the control. Conclusion MiR-24-2 inhibits growth of the U-2OS cells,which could be a potential biomarker in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Fifty-five cases of cirrhotic ascites complicated with primary peritonitis were treated and analysed clinically. The results showed that high fever and diarrhea were common and severe, and the positive rate of the ascitic culture, rich in B. coli, was higher in the death group, while tenderness and reboun ding pain were prominent and typical in the survival group. The total mortality was 67.27% and the survival rate was 25.45%. 32 out of the 76 cases (some of them had been treated repeatedly) of primary peritonitis were cured (42.11%). The state of restoring health in relation to the drug sensitivity, the mode of administration and the duration of therapy were fully discussed. It was believed that the combined therapy was more effective than the single one, and the duration of the two weeks' treatment seemed to be most suitable. The early diagnosis, effective therapy and prevention were the key points for a good prognosis and better survival rate.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of the adjustive tractor for cervical dislocation.Methods Forty-seven patients were included between September 2007 and November 2011.There were 36 males and 11 females with age ranged from 7 to 62 (mean,35 years).The mean interval from injury to admission was 8.6 h (range,0.5-72 h).There were atlanto-occipital dislocation in 2 cases,C1.2 in 2 cases,C2.3 dislocation in 5 cases,C3.4 dislocation in 2,C4.5 in 9,C5.6 in 13,C6.7 in 14.Thirty cases were complicated by fracture.No facet locking occurred in sixteen cases.Facet locking was found in ten cases and bilateral facet locking was in 21 cases.After reduction,brace or internal fixation followed.According to American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) spinal function impairment scale standard,there were 4 cases in level A,10 cases in level B,18 in C,10 in D,and 5 in E.According to Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) spinal function rating standard,the mean JOA score was 9 (range,2-14).Results All 47 cases were reduced successfully without neuronal function aggravation.Traction power ranged from 7 to 60 kg (mean,25.6 kg),the mean time of traction was 8 min (range,3-10 min).The mean follow-up was 38 (range,6-48) months.All the patients achieved normal alignment and intervertebral height.The intervertebral body fusion was observed in all of cases,the mean fusion time was 3.3 months (range,3-6 months).One patient who experienced nonunion of vertebral arch fracture didn't receive further treatment because of absence of symptoms.At last follow-up,there were 3 cases in level A,1 in level B,4 in C,8 in D,and 31 in E according to ASIA scale.The mean JOA score was 12 (range,2-17).Conclusion The adjustive tractor is simple and safe for prompt reduction.

Objective To study the expression of microRNA-301 in pancreatic carcinoma andvalidate the significance of miR-301 in invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma.Methods miR-301 expression were detected by FQ-PCR in 5 pancreatic cancer eell lines(PANC-1,PaCa-2,AsPC-1,Hs766T.BxPC-3).Further immunohistochemistry in pancreatic cancer tissue microarrays was detected miR-301 expression,which contained 60 pancreatic cancer specimens along with 10 normal adjacent tissues and 10 normal pancreas tissues.After high expression of miR-301 in pancreatic carcinoma being confirmed.the clinical significance of high expression of miR-301 in invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma were studed.Pancreatic cancer cell lines(PANC-1.PaCa-2)were transfected by 100 nmoml/L miR-301 inhibitor(anti-miR-301)or negative eontrol(Anti-miR~(TM) Negative Control#1).COX-2 and MMP-2 protein expression in pancreatic cancer cell lines were detected by WB.and cell migration assays were performed using transwell technology.Results FQ-PCR resuhs indicated that miR-301 expression was higher in pancreatic cancer cell lines than normal pancreatic cells.The relative level of miR-301 in 5 pancreatic cancer cell lines(PANC-1,PaCa-2,AsPC-1,Hs-766T,BxPC-3)and normal pancreatic cell were 33.09± 4.21,30.76±3.18,47.57±3.56,20.20 ±1.21,76.75±13.51 and 1.00±0.08 respectively.The miR-301 level in all 5 pancreatic cancer cells were significantly higher than those of normal pancreatic cell(t=8.86,9.53,6.39,6.77,11.18,P<0.01).Immunohistochemistry results also showed miR-301 expression was higher in pancreatic carcinoma tissues than those in the cancer adjacent tissues and normal pancreatic tissues.The relative levels of miR-301 in pancreatic carcinoma tissues.normal adjacent tissues and normal pancreas tissues were 0.88±0.09,0.22±0.04 and 0.14±0.05 respectively.The miR-301 levels in pancreatic carcinoma tissues were significantly higher than those of normal adjacent tissues and normal pancreatic tissues(t=15.1,10.6,P<0.01).There was no significant difference between normal adjacent tissues and normal pancreas tissues(t=1.32,P=0.22).After miR-301 inhibitor was introduced into pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1 and PaCa-2.miR-301 levels were reduced while the protein levels of COX-2 and MMP-2.which were invasion and metastasis related factors,were down-regulated.The cell migration assay indicated the numbers of PANC-1 and PaCa-2 cells,which migrated to lower chamber.were 587±27 and 363±13 respectively after miR-301 inhibitor was applied.The numbers of migrated cells were 1091 4-15.737±44 when the netative control was applied.The cell invasion ability was decreased significantly in the inhibitor group compared with the negative group(t=7.89,7.56,P<0.01).Conclusions miR-301 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic cancer tissues.Inhibition of miR-301 expression can effectively supress the invasion of pancreatic cancer cells.miR-301 may serve as a new biomarker for early detection of pancreatic cancer and molecular target for early treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of therapy to neonatal jaundice by Yinzhihuang particles.Methods72 cases from July 2015 to December 2016, were randomly divided into two groups and made all 36 cases in the control group, children in the control group given blue light therapy observation group were treated in the control group on the basis of Yinzhihuang particle therapy, follow-up and record two serum C-reactive protein (CRP), total bilirubin (TBIL), γ-alanine amino acyltransferase (γ-GT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and free fatty acid (FFA) levels and incidence of adverse reactions, the use ofstatistical methods for data analysis.Results① observation group after treatment CRP,TBIL, γ-GT values were better than the control group, and the difference was significant (P<0.05).② observation group in the AKP, FFA values after treatment than the control group, and the difference was significant (P<0.05).③ observation group rash during treatment, the incidence of diarrhea were (0.00%, 2.78%), were lower than the control group (11.11%, 16.67%), and the difference was significant (P<0.05).ConclusionYinzhihuang particle treatment of neonatal jaundice effect is good, worthy of further research and application.