Objective To investigate the expression of MMP-2 in rabbit carotid artery injured by airing drying. Methods Fifty-four rabbits were assigned to normal diet (n=18), fat diet (n=36), 18 of fat diet rabbits underwent airing drying of carotid intima after one-week fat diet. Then fed on fat diet after operation. All animals were sacrificed respectively at 1, 2, 3 months after airing drying (n=6 at each time piont), and MMP-2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results MMP-2 expression was low in the carotid of normal diet group, high in the fat diet group including the rabbits underwent airing drying with significant difference between them (P

The endemic situation of acute schistosomiasis in Tongling County from 1990 to 2008 showed the incidence rate of acute schistosomiasis was declining year by year, and the endemic situation was controlled effectively.

ObjectiveTo investigate the dosimetric difference in the application of RapidArc using 6 and 15 MV X-rays for radiotherapy of multiple hepatic malignancy.MethodsA total of 12 cases with multiple hepatic tumors ( primary 5 cases and secondary 7 cases) were selected.All patients underwent the three dimensional CT simulation in free breathing.For each patient,RapidArc plans with single or two 358° arcs using 6 or 15 MV X-rays were designed respectively,the prescription dose was 2Gy per fraction × 25 fractions.The dosimetric differences were compared among RapidArc plans.ResultsAll of RapidArc plans could meet the clinicalrequirement.There were no significant differences in the conformity index ( CI ),homogeneity index ( HI),the maximum dose and the minimum dose of PTV among RapidArc plans ( P ＞ 0.05).All the CI could get to 0.91 and HI could get to 0.88.In the RapidArc plans with two 358° arcs,the Vs,V10,V15 of normal liver were higher than with single arc,while V20,V25,V30,V35,V40 were lower than with single arc.There were no significant differences in the different radiation dose of normal liver,stomach,duodenum and spinal cord among different plans ( P ＞0.05 ).The monitor units of RapidArc plans using 6 MV X-rays increased 12％ compared to 15 MV averagely.CondusionThe 6 MV X-ray would be selected chiefly in the radiotherapy of multiple haptic tumor using RapidArc with whole arc(s).

Objective To compare and analyze the dosimetric characteristics of the intensity-modulated arc therapy (RapidArc) combined with active breathing coordinator (ABC) in the thoracic esophageal carcinoma radiation therapy. Methods Ten thoracic esophageal carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy were selected for this study.The CT simulations were performed under three breath patterns respectively:moderate deep inspiration breath-hold (mDIBH) with ABC aid; Set the trigger threshold to 80％ of the peak of the respiration curve; and free breathing (FB).Based on the corresponding CT image sets,three treatment plans were generated for each patient respectively:Arc-ABC( three small arcs),ArcFB (consisted of two coplanar full arcs) and IMRT-FB plan.The following dosimetric parameters were compared among different plans:D2％,D98％,V95,homogeneity index ( HI),conformal index ( CI ) the percentage of volume receiving dose of over x Gy (Vx),monitor unit (MU),control points and treatment time.Results The planning target volume ( PTV ) of FB was 376 cm3 which decreased to 260 cm3 after using ABC.For mDIBH and FB patients,the total lung volumes were 5964.6 cm3(35％ more than FB) and 3838.8 cm3 respectively; the heart volumes were 524.4 cm3 and 642.7 cm3 respectively. No significant difference was observed among Arc-ABC,IMRT-FB and Arc-FB in terms of D2,D98,V95,CI and HI.For Arc-ABC plans,there were significant decreases of radiation dose in total-lung's V10,V20,V30,V40 and mean lung dose ( F =4.38,5.34,4.07,3.89,4.28,P ＜0.05).Various dose decreases of heart V20,V3,V40,Dmean and spinal cord Dmax were observed,yet no statistically significant difference existed.The MUs and total control points of Arc-ABC plans were significantly lower than other plans ( F =26.86,12.56,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions When thoracic esophageal carcinoma patients were treated with radiotherapy,the combined utilization of RapidArc and ABC can potentially decrease the volume of irradiated lung yet escalate the dose in target.

Purpose To perform MRI examination after the death of SD rat model due to cerebral infarction and to investigate the changing characteristics of cerebral infarction during postmortem examination. Materials and Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established on 21 SD rats by applying modified suture method. 13 to 56 h after modeling, 12 dead SD rats were collected for the experiment. The bodies were stored at an environment with a temperature of 10-15°C and relative humidity of 45%-55%. Head MRI was performed 12 h after modeling and at 8, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after death respectively, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of infarction and contralateral brain tissue were calculated. At each post-mortem time point, ADC values of bilateral cerebral hemispheres, ADC values of infarction and living infarction, and ADC values of non-infarcted brain and living non-infarcted zone were compared. Brain tissue was taken after scan for pathological diagnosis and compared with diagnostic results of postmortem MRI (pmMRI). Results The right cerebral signal of rats was abnormal 12 h after cerebral infarction and after death. Eight rats were found to have shifted cerebral middle-line structure to the left. ADC values of infarction at each time point after death were lower than that of non-infarction, the difference of which was statistically significant (P<0.05); ADC values of infarction were lower than that of living infarction, the difference of which was statistically significant (P<0.05); ADC value of non-infarcted area at each time point was lower than that of living non-infarcted area, the difference of which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Necrosis and disintegration of neurons, disintegration and liquefaction of glial fibers, infiltration of inflammatory cells and leakage of red blood cells were spotted in necrotic areas after receiving cerebral HE staining in rat. HE staining was consistent with the infarction zone indicated by pmMRI. Conclusion pmMRI can be used for the diagnosis of cerebral infarction via virtual necropsy.

Objective:To analyze the clinical outcomes of tibial bone transport over an intramedullary nail in combination with antibiotic-loaded calcium sulphate for treatment of segmental bone defect.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted by enrolling 11 surgically treated patients with tibial segmental bone defect after the debridement for tibial infection or osteomyelitis who were admitted in Lower Limb Surgery Ward of Traumatic Orthopedic Department, Xi′an Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi′an Jiaotong University from Jan. 2018 to Jan. 2020. The collected clinical materials and data included gender, age, injury mechanism, smoke or alcohol, comorbidities, intraoperative bleeding loss, bone defect length, resorption time of calcium sulphate, bone transport time, external fixation time, external fixation index, complications and Paley bone and functional criteria. SPSS 24.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results:Eleven patients were followed up for 8 to 31 months (average 23.2 months). All patients achieved bone healing and the infection was eradicated with no sign of recurrence. The mean length of defect was (8.1±1.6) cm, mean resorption time of calcium sulphate was (6.6±2.6) months, bone transport time was (11.4±2.8) weeks, external fixation time was (4.7±1.2) months, external fixation index was (0.58±0.07) month/cm and full weight bearing time was (6.1±1.4) months. The complication rate was 36.4% including deep vein thrombosis, delayed union of the docking site, pin tract infection and sterile draining of the wound. Paley bone evaluation results were excellent and good in 10 patients (90.9%) and functional results were excellent and good in 11 patients (100%).Conclusion:Tibial bone transport over an intramedullary nail in combination with antibiotic-loaded calcium sulphate is a safe, reliable and successful method for segmental bone defect and eradication of infection which reduces external fixation time and complication rate, allows patients perform weight bearing and return to daily life earlier.

Tibial fracture is a kind of common long bone fracture of extremities, most of which are complex tibial fractures caused by high energy. Because of the special anatomical structure of tibia, the incidence of postoperative complications such as malunion and nonunion is higher. This brings some difficulties to the treatment. With the patient′s higher requirements for function, doctors have a deeper understanding of biomechanics, which promotes the further development of internal fixation materials. The indications of intramedullary nails have been expanded and gradually replaced the steel plate internal fixation for the treatment of tibial fractures and achieved good therapeutic effect. This article focuses on the application and new development of intramedullary nail in the treatment of proximal, middle, distal and open tibial fractures, providing more reference for the future clinical treatment.

Coronavirus ; chemistry ; ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Models, Molecular ; Ribonucleoproteins ; chemistry ; ultrastructure