Objective:To investigate the effect of occupation moral training for nursing students .Methods:By cluster sampling method , two nursing professional classes were included as the research objects .One class was re-garded as the experimental group .The other class was regarded as the control group .The various measures were taken to cultivate occupation moral .The teaching reform of nursing ethics was carried out .The occupation moral education was integrated into the specialty courses .The occupation moral education was strengthened in clinical practice stage .After the culture period , two groups′nursing ethics knowledge was tested .Their satisfaction on oc-cupation moral cultivation effect was surveyed .The hospital satisfaction on their occupation morality level and qual-ity was surveyed too .The occupation moral cultivation effect was evaluated through these .Results: The experi-mental group′evaluation score of nursing ethics knowledge , the satisfaction rate of occupation moral cultivation effect , teaching hospital′satisfaction rate of occupation moral standards and quality were higher than those of the control group with a significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion:The construction of occupation moral educa-tion system effectively improves the occupation moral level and comprehensive quality of nursing students .

Radiological evaluation is a key step for donor's preoperative evaluation in living donor liver transplantation(LDLT).There are many powerful functions in multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT)which can suit all-in-one radiological evaluation before donor's operation.By referring to the articles from home and abroad in recent years,from viewpoint of surgeon,this artical reviews the application status of multi-slice CT for preoperative assessment in LDLT,which can help to provide theory support for choice of radiological examination in LDLT donor.

OBJECTIVETo determine the differential protein and mRNA expressions of mitochondria fusion protein-2 (Mfn2) in hepatic tissues in conditions of cirrhosis and acute on chronic liver failure using rat model systems,and to determine the correlative effects on production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

METHODSA liver cirrhotic rat model (LC rats) was established by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4,in vegetable oil),and these mice were subsequently used (10 weeks later) to establish the acute on chronic liver failure rat model (LF rats) by injecting lipopolysaccharide and D-amino-galactose.Control groups (normal controls,NC rats) were established for each model by intraperitoneal injection of vegetable oil only.Protein expression of Mfn2 in liver was quantified by western blotting with fluorescence densitometry and immunofluorescence staining,and mRNA expression was measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.ROS levels in liver were measured by fluorescence spectrophotometry,and ATP content was measured by bioluminescence assay.Significance of inter-group differences was assessed by one-way ANOVA,and correlations were determined using bivariate statistical modeling.

RESULTSMfn2 protein expression was significantly lower in the liver tissues from modeled rats than that from the control rats (LC:0.051+/-0.004 and LF:0.037+/-0.007 vs.NC:0.254+/-0.008;F=444.98,P less than 0.05).The mRNA expression followed the same trend of lower expression (LC:21.21+/-0.93 and LF:24.35+/-0.85 vs.NC:19.09+/-0.69; F=66.941,P less than 0.05).The ATP content in liver tissues was also significantly lower in the modeled rats (LC:2.07+/-0.05 mol/L and LF:1.81+/-0.11 mol/L vs.NC:3.24+/-0.08 mol/L; F =574.21,P less than 0.05).Lower Mfn2 expression was correlated with lower ATP content (r =0.982) and higher ROS content (r =0.803).

CONCLUSIONReduced Mfn2 expression in liver tissue may cause a decrease in ATP synthesis and increase in ROS generation,thereby disrupting metabolism and increasing oxidative stress in the liver under conditions of cirrhosis and liver failure.

Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure ; metabolism ; Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; GTP Phosphohydrolases ; metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis ; metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; metabolism ; Rats

Objective To establish a mini-pool nucleic acid testing (NAT) assay using multiplex RT-nested PCR for the detection of HIV RNA, and apply it in screening for acute HIV infection among MSM. Methods Frozen EDTA plasma samples collected between Oct. 2008 and Mar. 2009 from 3 HIV infectors during window-period, a total of 30 HIV chronically infected individuals and 97 healthy subjects were used to develop the NAT assay. Plasma samples from 10 cases were pooled into one tube and centrifuged at high speed for the collection of viruses. HIV RNA was extracted. Two pairs of primers were designed according to two conserved regions of HIV RNA ( HXB2 nt 5783-nt 6228 and nt 1235-nt 2012).Multiplex RT-PCR and nested PCR were performed. Individual NAT-reactive samples were confirmed by commercially available NAT assays. The sensitivity and performance efficacy were also evaluated. The assay was then applied to 1 005 plasma specimens from MSM with negative or uncertain HIV antibody test results.These were collected in the same period as the other samples. Results ( 1 ) Two fragments of HIV were amplified successfully with the low detection limit of 162 copies/ml plasma; (2) Results of the mini-pool HIV NAT validation with samples from 3 HIV infectors during window-period were consistent with the expected values; (3) All 30 plasma samples from MSM with positive HIV antibody, which were tested by multiplex RT nested PCR, were found to be HIV RNA positive; (4) One out of 1 005 plasma samples was found to be HIV RNA positive, for this case acute infection was followed-up and sero-conversion was found. Conclusion Mini-pool NAT has good sensitivity, and may be applied to screening HIV RNA among MSM during window-period.