Objective To explore the application value of cellular automata(CA)in simulating the epidemic spread of out-break of influenza A(H1N1).Methods The publications regarding influenza A(H1N1)from January 2009 to March 2015 were collected from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),epidemiological data of H1N1 were retrieved ac-cording to inclusion criteria,the Matlab 7.0 software was adopted to construct CA model for simulating and analyzing the epidemic of H1N1 occurred in a university in Chongqing between October 12 and November 20,2009.Results There were a total of 17 820 students in this university,the epidemic of influenza lasted 40 days in 2009;When the parameter,the ef-fective infection rate was 0.04,the model of CA fit well,and gave estimate for basic reproduction number (R0 )1.202. Conclusion CA has certain reliability in simulating epidemics of airborne infectious diseases,it can provide reference for the prevention and control of disease.

Objective To analyse the clinico-pathologic characteristics,diagnosis,therapy and prognostic of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix(SCNCC).Methods The clinic-pathological features of 12 patients with SCNCC treated in Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,admitted during March 2006 to July 2010,were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of 12 patients,the mean age was 38.7 years(rang 28-57 years),6 had stages Ⅰ b1-Ⅱa,6 had stagesⅡb-Ⅳ.Among 8 patients(Ⅰ b1-Ⅲb)underwent surgery,4 of them received neoadjuvant chemotherapy,8 of them received adjuvant chemotherapy and(or)radiotherapy.All had greater than one-half stromal invasion,4 patients had positive pelvic lymph nodes metastases.The positive ratio of the chromogranin(CgA),synaptophysin,neuronspecific enolase(NSE),cytokeratins(CK),CD56 tested by immunohistochemical staining were 8/12,9/10,4/4,4/4,4/4,respectively.Median follow-up period was 3 months(1-22 months).Among 8 patients underwent surgery,2 patients developed lung metastases,1 patient developed liver and lung metastases,1 patient developed liver metastases concurrently with bone metastases,disease-free survival (DFS)were 3 months(Ⅰ b2 with positive lymph nodes),4.6 months(Ⅱ a),7 months(Ⅰ b1),17 months (Ⅰ b2);2 patient died(8.5 and 11.3 months,respectively)after surgery;4 patients are alive and show no evidence of disease.Among 4 patients untreated,1 patients received concurrent chemoradiation and are alive for 10.1 months.Two patient untreated(Ⅲb,Ⅳ)died after 0.6 and 1.3 months final diagnosis,respectively.One patient Was lost follow-up.Conclusions SCNCC is a highly malignant tumor with rare morbility,propensity for distant spread and dismal prognosis.Final diagnosis of SCNCC depends on pathomorphology and immunohistochemical analysis.Combined therapeutic modalities may in favor of survival in some patients.

Objective To explore the regularity between the change of urine osmotic pressure to the syndrome of kidney Yin deficiency and kidney Yang deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease,to provide an objective evident for the syndrome differentiation of TCM and the judgment of renal function.Methods Urine osmolality and renal function of one hundred and twenty-one patients with chronic kidney disease,belonging to the syndrome of kidney Yin deficiency of kidney Yang deficiency,were detected.The connection between urine osmolality,renal function and TCM syndromes of kidney Yin deficiency and kidney Yang deficiency and the relation of TCM symptom score between them were analyzed.Results The research suggested an obvious link between urine osmolality,renal function and the TCM Syndromes of kidney Yin deficiency and kidney Yang deficiency in Chronic kidney disease.It also suggested an obvious correlation between the urine osmolality and TCM symptom scores.Conclusion The determination of urine osmolality can provide an objective evident for differentiating syndromes of kidney Yin deficiency or kidney Yang deficiency in chronic renal disease.

Objective To compare intraoperative,pathologic,postoperative outcomes and quality of life of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy ( LRH + LPL) with abdominal radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy ( ARH + APL) for patients with early-stage cervical cancer.Methods The consecutive cases with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages Ⅰ a2 - Ⅱ a cervical cancer who underwent surgery from Jan.1,2002 to Jan.1,2011 were documented,including 85 patients underwent LRH + LPL,and 85 patients underwent ARH + APL as control group.The clinical data of intraoperative,pathologic,postoperative outcomes and quality of life were compared between two groups.Survival data were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and compared with the log-rank test.Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis.Results All but 2 surgical procedures were completed laparoscopically because of right common ihac vein vessel injuries.Mean operative time,it was longer for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ (242 ±74) minutes vs.( 190 ±61 ) minutes,P =0.000 ].Mean recovery time of intestines function was less for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ (45 ± 7 ) hours vs.(63 ± 1 1 ) hours,P =0.000 ].Mean estimated blood loss was less for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL[ (367 ±252) ml vs.(460 ±220) ml,P =0.006].Mean recovery time of urinary function was less that for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ ( 19 ±4) days vs.(21 ±4) days,P =0.000 ].There were no significant difference in numbers of the pelvic lymph nodes resected,the extent of parametrial tissue,vaginal cuff,negative margins obtained and complications.The median follow-up was 32 months (range 4 to 105 months),there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate (7％ vs.5％,P=0.540) and mortality rate (7％ vs.5％,P=0.540),5 years disease-free survival(90％ vs.94％,P =0.812),5 years over survival ( 90％ vs.95％,P =0.532 ).There were not significant difference in quality of life between ARH + APL group and LRH + LPL group( P ＞ 0.05 ).Only lympho-vascular space invasion was an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analysis (P =0.016).Conclusions For early stage cervical cancer,LRH + LPL has similar outcomes compared with ARH + APL.Laparoscopic treatment by experienced surgeons should be an ideal altemative.

Objective To compare the clinical results of endovenous laser treatment(EVLT),radiofrequency endovenous occlusion(RFO)and conventional stripping combined with transilluminated powered phlebectomy(TIPP)for lower extremity varicose vein.Methods From Jun 2004 to Jan 2007,200 cases(232 limbs)were treated by EVLT with TIPP,80 cases(88 limbs)by RFO with TIPP,and 180 cases(202 limbs)by conventional stripping with TIPP.Operation time,number of the incision made,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative hospital stay,complications,and one-year recurrence rate were compared with each other. Results Operation time was longer(41±8)min in RFO group than that in other two groups.Postoperative hospital stay was shorter in EVLT group(1.2±0.4 d)and RFO group (2.1±0.8 d)than that in stripping and TIPP group(P＜0.05).Patients in stripping group also suffered from more intra-operative bleeding more often incidental nervus saphenus injury and more incision numbers when compared with other two groups(P＜0.05).There was no significant difierence in one-year recurrence rate among patients in the three groups. Conclusions The clinical efficacy is almost the same among the three groups in terms of eradication of the varicose veins.EVLT and RFO are safe and minimal invasive for the treatment of lower extremity varicose vein.