Several kinds of epidemiological methods in studies of illicit drug use were described in this article.These include case-finding,capture-recapture,privileged access interviewer,mortality multiplier method and nomination method.

Objectives: To study the difference of Plasminogen Activation System in patients with coronary heart disease by different behavior types. Methods: 81 patients with coronary heart disease and 59 normal control were evaluated by Type A Behavior Scale. t-PA and PAI-1 activities of both groups were also measured. Results: The activity of PAI-1 was higher and t-PA was lower in patients with coronary heart disease, and this difference is also found between Type A and Non Type A patients. Conclusion: The activity of t-PA is decreased and PAI-1 increased in patients with CHD, this phenomenon are also related to Type A Behavior traits.

Objective: To study the relationship of the mood and behavior types in patients with coronary heart disease, to supply the foundation of psychotherapy in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: 81 patients with coronary heart disease and 59 normal healthy people were evaluated by Type A Behavior Scale, Hospital anxiety and depression scales. To analyse the relationship between the behavior type and mood disorder. Results: The rates of Type A behavior and anxious mood disorder were significantly higher in the study group than the contrast group (P

Objective To study the effect of salidroside (Sal) on learning and memory abilities and expression of p75NTR signal transducers and Aβ in AD rat hippocampus.Methods Totally,ninety-six male SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,model control group,Sal low,medium and high dose group,Hup-A group (16 rats in each group).Except for sham-operation group,AD model in the other group was established by slowly injecting 1μL(10 μg)Aβ1-40 in tobilateral hippocampal CA1 area.Sham-operation group was given the same volume of 0.9％ sodium chloride solution.Sal low,medium and high dose group took orally as early as 24 h postoperatively with salidroside 25,50,100 mg· kg-1 for 21days,while Hup-A group took 50 mg kg-1 of Hup-A orally.The same volume of 0.9％ sodium chloride solution was administrated in shanmoperation group and model control group.After administration,the learning and memory function of rats were tested by Morris water maze.The contents of Aβ in serum and hippacampus were determined by ELISA,and protein expression of p75NTR and p-JNK in the hippocampus of the rats were measured by ELISA.Results Compared with model control group,the latent time in water maze training of Sal low,medium and high dose groups were significantly shortened (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01),the number of times of crossing platform of Sal low,medium and high dose group was significantly increased.The contents of Aβ in the hippocampus and the protein expression levels of p75NTR and p-JNK in the hippocampus of Sal low,medium and high dose group were decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Salidroside has protective effects on learning and memory consolidation of dysmnesia rats caused by Aβ.Its mechanism might be related to inhibition of p75NTR regulation pathways for Aβ,reducing the neurotoxic effect of Aβ,so as to reduce cell apoptosis of hippocampus neuron.

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the inhibitory effects of total alkaloids of Gelsemium elegans （TAG） on the proliferation and angiogenesis of human colon cancer cells. METHODS ：Human colon cancer cell line HT- 29 and HUVEC were cultured in vitro . After the intervention of low- ，medium-，high-dose TAG （40，80，120 μg/mL），the morphology of the two cells was observed by fluorescence inversion microscope. The survival rate of HT- 29 cells and HUVEC was detected by CCK- 8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect HT- 29 cell cycle. The migration rate ，invasion rate and tube number of HUVEC were observed by scratching test ，Transwell invasion experiment and tube formation experiment. RESULTS ：Compared with blank group ，HT-29 cells and HUVEC were decreased to different extents in TAG groups ；dead cells were observed ，and the survival rate of both decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The proportion of HT- 29 cells at G 2/M phase in TAG groups as well as those at G 0/G1 phase in medium-dose group were increased significantly ；the proportion of HT- 29 cells at S phase in TAG groups as well as those at G 0/G1 phase in high-dose group were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Survival rate ，migration rate and invasion rate of HUVEC were decreased significantly in TAG groups ，and tube number was also decreased significantly at each time point during 4-24 h（P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：TAG have inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human colon cancer HT- 29 cells and HUVEC，can change HT- 29 cell cycle ，inhibit the migration ，invasion and tube formation of HUVEC.

This paper aims to study the accuracy of cardiopulmonary physiological parameters measurement under different exercise intensity in the accompanying (wearable) physiological parameter monitoring system. SensEcho, an accompanying physiological parameter monitoring system, and CORTEX METALYZER 3B, a cardiopulmonary function testing system, were used to simultaneously collect the cardiopulmonary physiological parameters of 28 healthy volunteers (17 males and 11 females) in various exercise states, such as standing, lying down and Bruce treadmill exercise. Bland-Altman analysis, correlation analysis and other methods, from the perspective of group and individual, were used to contrast and analyze the two types of equipment to measure parameters of heart rate and breathing rate. The results of group analysis showed that the heart rate and respiratory rate data box charts collected by the two devices were highly consistent. The heart rate difference was (-0.407 ± 3.380) times/min, and the respiratory rate difference was (-0.560 ± 7.047) times/min. The difference was very small. The Bland-Altman plot of the heart rate and respiratory rate in each experimental stage showed that the proportion of mean ± 2SD was 96.86% and 95.29%, respectively. The results of individual analysis showed that the correlation coefficients of the whole-process heart rate and respiratory rate data were all greater than 0.9. In conclusion, SensEcho, as an accompanying physiological parameter monitoring system, can accurately measure the human heart rate, respiration rate and other key cardiopulmonary physiological parameters under various sports conditions. It can maintain good stability under various sports conditions and meet the requirements of continuous physiological signal collection and analysis application under sports conditions.

Sugar-sugar glycosyltransferases play important roles in constructing complex and bioactive saponins. Here, we characterized a series of UDP-glycosyltransferases responsible for biosynthesizing the branched sugar chain of bioactive steroidal saponins from a widely known medicinal plant Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Among them, a 2'-O-rhamnosyltransferase and three 6'-O-glucosyltrasferases catalyzed a cascade of glycosylation to produce steroidal diglycosides and triglycosides, respectively. These UDP-glycosyltransferases showed astonishing substrate promiscuity, resulting in the generation of a panel of 24 terpenoid glycosides including 15 previously undescribed compounds. A mutant library containing 44 variants was constructed based on the identification of critical residues by molecular docking simulations and protein model alignments, and a mutant UGT91AH1^Y187A with increased catalytic efficiency was obtained. The steroidal saponins exhibited remarkable antifungal activity against four widespread strains of human pathogenic fungi attributed to ergosterol-dependent damage of fungal cell membranes, and 2'-O-rhamnosylation appeared to correlate with strong antifungal effects. The findings elucidated the biosynthetic machinery for their production of steroidal saponins and revealed their potential as new antifungal agents.