No abstract available.
Dermatomycoses* ; Humans

Summary Cutaneous serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) infection is very rare and most cases had history of skin trauma or cutaneous procedure done before. It presents in various forms like non-healing ulcers, abscess formation, nodules with an intermittent course or as granulomatous lesions, thus mimicking non-infective lesions. Antibiotic choice is challenging due to multiple antibiotic resistant strains. We are reporting a case of cutaneous S. marcescens in a 70-year old lady with diabetes mellitus presented with non-healing ulcers over the dorsum of left hand for 6 months.
Serratia marcescens ; Dermatomycoses

Background: People living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) are living longer with the advent of highly active antiviral therapy (HAART). Aside from extending the life span, quality of life is vital in PLHIV management. However, there is a paucity of data on the cutaneous manifestations in PLHIV on HAART. The objective of this study is to ascertain the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations, effect on daily lives, and relation to CD4 levels. Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study comparing 2 groups of PLHIV patients on HAART and not on HAART therapy done from March 2020 to November 2020. Results: A total of 259 patients were recruited in this study with a mean age of 40 years. There were 216 (83.4%) male and 43 (16.6 %) female. Men having sex with men accounts for 49%. The most common cutaneous disorder was post-inflammatory pigmentation (20.4%). Infective dermatoses were 43 (6.7%), and cutaneous malignancy 3 (0.6%). Mean DLQI in PLHIV on HAART were 2, as compared to PLHIV not on HAART which scored 3. Bidayuh ethnicity accounts for 30% of adverse drug reactions with Bactrim being the most common drug. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of dermatoses in PLHIV. HAART increases the CD4 count of patients thereby reducing the risk of opportunistic infection and related disorders. However, it did not reduce the cutaneous manifestations in PLHIV, as HAART itself may increase the risk of adverse cutaneous drug reactions. DLQI is not the best tool to assess quality of life.
HIV ; Dermatomycoses--pathology

Background: Cutaneous disorders are common clinical manifestations of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). In the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the spectrum of cutaneous disorders in HIV-infected patients has changed. We assessed the types of dermatoses, including cutaneous infections in HIVpositive patients and the association between the peripheral CD4 cell count and the severity of skin infection. Methods: All HIV-positive patients referred to the Dermatology Department of Hospital Sungai Buloh from January 2021 – December 2021 were enrolled in a prospective cross-sectional study. Patients were subjected to a complete medical and physical examination and appropriate investigation to confirm the diagnosis. Results: A total of 112 (92.6%) male and 9 (7.4%) female patients with a mean age of 38.76 ± SD years participated. The majority of patients were Malay (56.2%), with MSM (54.5%) being the commonest mode of transmission. 65.2% of patients had CD4≥350 cells/ mm3 and 86.7% of patients were on ART. Infections (56.1%) were the most common group of mucocutaneous manifestations, with 45.6% of these due to viral infections. There was no statistically significant correlation between the CD4 count and the severity of skin involvement in bacterial (p=0.302), viral (p=0.145) and fungal (p=0.533) infections. Conclusion Viral infection were the commonest cutaneous manifestations in HIV- positive patients. The frequency and severity of the cutaneous infections were much more common in patients with more advanced immunosuppression.
HIV Infections ; Dermatomycoses

Dermatophytose diseases were investigated in 384 patients in the Hue Medical School's hospital. Dermatophyte fungi and Candida sp were investigated by direct examination using KOH 20% solution. The following results were found: A total of 199 positive cases (51.85%) was found of which most cases were determined to be dermatophyte (91%) and the remaining was Candida sp (9.00%). The rate of male/female was 1/4. The highest rate of infection was found in the age group of 11-30 years old
Dermatomycoses ; Schools, Medical ; diagnosis ; Hospitals

Aims: Andrographis paniculata (AP), a medicinal herb was selected to investigate the antifungal activity on selected dermatophyte fungi. The phytochemical screening was also carried out to evaluate its chemical constituents. Methodology and results: The potato dextrose agar (PDA) incorporated with aqueous, ethanol and methanol AP extracts at concentrations 0.99% (v/v), 1.96% (v/v) and 7.41% (v/v) were used for selected fungi culturing; Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. interdigitale, Microsporum fulvum, M. nanum, M. gypseum, M. canis, Fusarium solani and Aspergillus fumigatus. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins and tannins in the ethanol extract and flavonoids alone in both aqueous and methanol extracts. Studies on antifungal effects indicated that the ethanol extract significantly increased the mycelial inhibition percentage of all tested fungi, especially at a concentration of 7.41% (v/v). All ethanol AP extract concentrations inhibited M. gypseum and M. canis (p<0.05) with at least 36.00% mycelial inhibition. In aqueous AP extract, it significantly increased the mycelial inhibition of T. mentagrophytes, T. interdigitale and M. gypseum (p<0.05), while the methanol AP extract significantly inhibited all fungi at a concentration of 7.41% (v/v) except for T. rubrum, M. gypseum and F. solani (p<0.05). No spore sedimentation was recorded for the fungal spores of T. rubrum, M. nanum, T. mentagrophytes, M. gypseum and T. interdigitale at 7.41% (v/v) ethanol AP. Conclusion, significance and impact of study It is concluded that the ethanol AP extract contained phytochemical constituents and showed the highest antifungal activity. In addition, this extract has a great potential to treat dermatophytes effectively.
Antifungal Agents ; Phytochemicals ; Andrographis paniculata ; Dermatomycoses

It is estimated that the number of fungal species is now in excess of 100,000, with approximately 1500 new species described each year. At present, more than 200 species of fungi have been demonstrated to cause in humans. Because the clinical symptoms and radiographic findings in fungal infections are not specific, diagnosis usually depends on three basic laboratory approaches: microbiologic, immunologic, and histopathologic. Recently, the application of nucleic acid-based detection and identification methods offers promise as rapid methods of diagnosis for fungal infections. Successful laboratory diagnosis of fungal infection is directly dependent on the proper collection of appropriate clinical specimens and the rapid transport of the specimens to the clinical laboratory. Microscopic examination of clinical specimens is perhaps the most rapid, useful, and cost-effective means of diagnosing fungal infections. The isolation of fungi on culture is the most sensitive means of diagnosing infections, and in most instances it is necessary to identify the etiologic agent.
Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Dermatomycoses* ; Diagnosis ; Fungi* ; Humans ; Microscopy

BACKGROUND: Because saprophytes found in soil rarely cause dermatomycosis, we studied the distribution of soil keratinophilie fungi(KPF) in the Pohang & Kyongju areas. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the distribution of soil KPF isolated in various sites in the Pohang & Kyongju areas. METHODS: From 150 soil samples, collected at 50 sites in the Pohang & Kyongju areas, KPF were isolated using the hair baiting technique. RESULTS: 1) Of the number of 150 sol samples KPF were isolated from 103 samples(68.7%). The total number of strains isolated were 115 consisting of 45 Trichophyton(T.) ajelloi, 33 Chrysasporium sp 24 Microsporum(M) gyseum, 7 Sepedonium, and 6 M. cookei. 2) The number of KPF isolated at varius sites was high in the cowshed, and low at the riverside. T. ajelloi was frequent in the field in the Pohang area, M. gypseum in the cowshed in the Kyongju area, Chrysosporium sp. on the hill, by the river and at the roadside in the Pohang area, M. cookei at the roadside in the Pohang area, and Sepedonium on the hill. CONCLUSION: We find that the distribution of KPF in the Pohang & Kyongju areas is similar to that in previous studies which have been undertaken in Korea. However, particular attention shoud be paid to the presence of KPF isolated near the sea.
Chrysosporium ; Dermatomycoses ; Fungi* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Hair ; Korea ; Rivers ; Soil*

The study was made in order to investigate the present status of superficial dermatomycoses and some changes on the frequency of the diseases, sex distribution and varieties of the causative organisms by the statistic and mycological observation. The survey was made by out-patients of Dermatology clinic of Seoul National University during 3 years, from 1967 to 1970. The results are as follows: 1. Tinea (T) capitis shows a great decrease (1/4) and T. cruris shows a increase in number as compared with those of during 1957-1960. 2. In T. capitis the number of male cases is equal to that of female cases. It is remarkable difference that the ratio of sex distinetion showed 25 males against to one female during 1967 to 1970. 3. The strains were isolated by ordinary sabouraud's glucose agar media and obtained 4 species, 125 strains. a. Tr. rubrum was most predominant organism of T. pedis & manum, T. cruris, T. corporis and Onychomycosis in Seoul districs. b. Tr. ferrugineum was most common organism of T. capitis (80%).
Agar ; Dermatology ; Dermatomycoses* ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Male ; Onychomycosis ; Outpatients ; Seoul ; Sex Distribution ; Tinea

While mycological examinations, potassium hydroxide preparation, and fungus culture remain the gold standard for the diagnosis of superficial dermatomycoses, mycological procedures have limitations because they are rather complex, time-consuming, and require skilled personnel and additional mycological tools. Dermoscopy is a simple, non-invasive diagnostic technique that allows better visualization of morphologic structures of the skin than the naked eye. It is easily performed with a hand-held dermoscope and allows immediate diagnosis. It has been primarily used to evaluate pigmented skin lesions, but recent advances indicate that it can also be a useful and convenient tool for diagnosing superficial dermatomycoses. The determination of specific dermoscopic patterns of fungal infection, especially in selected cases involving terminal hairs or nails, could lead to a straightforward diagnosis and facilitate their differentiation from non-fungal skin diseases. In addition, dermoscopy permits better inspection of subtle clinical features caused by fungi that are less evident to the naked eye; thus, in most cases, it can enhance clinician's diagnostic accuracy and confidence level, and allow determination of the best site for adequate mycological sampling as well as therapeutic monitoring. However, it should be a part of the evaluation in combination with other mycological tests because it does not substitute confirmatory examination for superficial dermatomycoses.
Dermatomycoses* ; Dermoscopy* ; Diagnosis ; Fungi ; Hair ; Onychomycosis ; Potassium ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Tinea Capitis