For thyroid microcarcinoma(TMC),the incidence is not obvious,the lesion is small,the symptoms are not distinctive and the progression is slow. Studies suggest that patients with the age over 45 years or below 15 years old,male,lesion over 5 mm and lymph node metastasis have poor prognosis and active opera-tion treatment is needed. When in operation,the excision extension should take clinical data into consideration, and complete resection of the lesions and preservation of the normal tissue as much as possible should be done. For the patients with lymph node metastasis,lymph node dissection is feasible,and the central lymph node dis-section is applicable for the negative lymph nodes. Reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis,increase the survival rate of patients with tumor and improve the quality of life,become the prime target of the follow up,in which the standardized treatment of TMC plays a vital role.

Objective To explore a new way for the treatment of distal segment finger amputations.Methods From Aug 2001 to Feb 2005,the method of subcutaneous pocket was applied to 122 complete distal segment finger amputations in 70 patients.After the nail of amputated parts was removed,fractured bone segments fixed with K-wires and amputated part de-epithelialized to the middermal layer,the reattached parts were separately inserted into the subcutaneous pocket of chest,abdominal or ipsilateral palm.After 16 to 20 days,the reattached parts were removed from the subcutaneous pocket. Results One hundred and twenty-two finger amputations of 70 cases had recovered completely.The replanted fingers had satisfactory sensation and appearance.Conclusion It is a simple and effective method for the treatment of distal segment finger amputations,particularly for the finger amputations when the vascular anastomosis is not feasible.

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of closing the small bowel in an ex vivo porcine model with high-frequency welding device. A total of 100 porcine small bowels were divided into two groups, and then were closed with two different methods. The fifty small bowels in experimental group were closed by the high-frequency welding device, and the other fifty small bowels in comparison group were hand-sutured. All the small bowels were subjected to leak pressure testing later on. The speed of closure and bursting pressure were compared. The 50 porcine small bowels closed by the high-frequency welding device showed a success rate of 100%. Compared with the hand-sutured group, the bursting pressures of the former were significantly lower (P<0.01) and the closing process was significantly shorter (P<0.01). The pathological changes of the closed ends mainly presented as acute thermal and pressure induced injury. Experimental results show that the high-frequency welding device has higher feasibility in closing the small bowel.
Animals ; Feasibility Studies ; Intestine, Small ; surgery ; Suture Techniques ; instrumentation ; Swine

BACKGROUND:RACK1 is strongly associated with the occurrence and development of oral squamous cel carcinoma. However, the occurrence and development of tumor do not depend on a gene or protein, but a long-term complex process of a network structure of multiple genes and multiple molecules, multi-step, multi-stage joint action. Synergism between tumor genes promotes the formation and development of tumor cel s. Therefore, we cannot limit on a single gene or protein to discover the action mechanism of oral squamous cel carcinoma, but should pay attention on signaling network path related to differential protein or gene, investigate the alterations in related protein or gene expression in the whole signaling pathway, and analyze the action mechanism of the interaction of these molecules.
OBJECTIVE:To screen differential genes related to oral squamous cel carcinoma, construct an interaction network through bioinformatics using STRING database, and provide clues for future tests.
METHODS:In accordance with our previous classic proteomics results and microarray results of oral squamous cel carcinoma, genes with consistent expression and big differences were selected as differential genes. The differential genes were inputted into the database of STRING to find the possible relationship among the protein subunits and to construct network structure of their interaction.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The 19 differential proteins of oral squamous cel carcinoma construct a complicated net work, and the differential proteins interact through these networks. GNB2L1-encoded RACK1 is a node protein and interacts with other differential proteins via WD40 repeated protein (number COG2319) andβ-G protein subunit (number KOG0279). WD40 repeated protein (number COG2319) interacts with 5 differential proteins directly and constructs 10 interacting pathways.β-G protein subunit (number KOG0279) interacts with 8 differential proteins directly, which has 11 interacting pathways. We make a network structure picture based on the interaction of these 19 differential genes by the analysis of the STRING database. The results show that the two subunits of RACK1 protein have direct interaction with 8 differential proteins and have 18 interaction pathways on the picture. As a result, RACK1 is the core protein of the network, suggesting RACK1 is the key node protein in oral squamous cel carcinoma.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, based on high-throughput molecular imaging, integration of genomics, proteomics and computer aided design and the application of correlative “technical chains” have achieved great achievements in the research of breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer and melanin tumor. However, there are few researches on oral squamous cel carcinoma. OBJECTIVE:To detect the gene expression profile of the oral squamous cel carcinoma tissue and normal paracarcinoma tissue using DNA chip-based gene expression profile. METHODS:Two samples of oral squamous cel carcinoma tissue and normal paracarcinoma tissue of patients who received treatment at Stomatological Hospital of Guangdong Province of China in 2013 were included in this study. The gene expression profiles of oral squamous cel carcinoma and normal paracarcinoma tissue were determined by the Roche NimbleGen gene expression microarrays. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to screening criteria of differential genes, 7 872 out of 32 448 detected genes were differentialy expressed genes of oral squamous cel carcinoma, which accounts for 24% of the total number of the screening genes. 3 800 genes were up-regulated, and 4 072 were down-regulated. The results confirm that through detection with the help of gene expression profile clip, 7 872 differentialy expressed genes were obtained through DNA chip-based gene expression profiles according to the screening criteria. Thus it can be concluded that the occurrence and development of the tumors are not a result of single or several genes. Previous experiments based on a single or several genes have great limitations. These findings also suggest that the occurrence of tumor is a result of mutual regulatory effects of many genes forming a network, moreover, the interactions of the network is quite complicated.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the cause and the methods of reoperation for recurrent thyroid carcinoma. METHOD: The clinicopathologic data of 87 cases were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnosis on recurrent thyroid carcinoma were confirmed after reoperative pathology. RESULT: Forty-three cases (49.4%) were confirmed as residual carcinoma by pathology. Among 87 cases, 65 cases (74.7%) had lymph node metastasis in group VI and 42 cases (48.3%) had lateral neck lymph nodes metastasis, 3 cases were in the presence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury temporarily, 1 case was in the presence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury permanently, 5 cases were convulsed by hypocalcemia. CONCLUSION The nonstandard surgical procedure in the first operation is the main cause for the reoperation of thyroid carcinoma. Increased cognitive level of thyroid carcinoma and appropriate surgical technique may be the important keys to avoid reoperating. It is necessary to protect the parathyroid and recurrent laryngeal nerve in reoperation.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; surgery ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To discuss the influence of exogenous Gibberellin (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA) on genetic expressions of key enzymes in ethylene synthesis in Taizishen (Pseudostillaria Root, Radix Pseudostellariae) , and provide reference for intelligent use of growth regulators during cultivation of Taizishen.Methods The genes of key enzymes in ethylene synthesis of Taizishen were screened and identified from transcriptome database by using local Blast method.Hai'ershen in full-bloom stage was treated with exogenous GA3 and ABA, and samples were collected at different time points (20 d, 40 d, 50 d and 60 d.The genetic expressions of key enzymes in ethylene synthesis of Taizishen were detected by using real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results There were totally 6 genes of key enzymes in ethylene synthesis in roots of Taizishen obtained, and they were named PhACO1, PhACO2, PhACO3, PhACS1, PhACS2 and PhSAMS.GA3 and ABA could regulated the expressions of above 6 genes, and expressions of PhACO1, PhACO2, PhACS1 and PhSAMS were up-regulated after treated with GA3, and expressions of PhACO3 and PhACS2 were up-regulated after 20 d to 40 d and down-regulated after 50 d to 60 d.The expressions of genes of key enzymes in ethylene synthesis in Taizishen showed down-regulation at first and then up-regulation after treated with ABA, but different genes had different demonstrations.The expression of PhACO1 was up-regulated after 20 d to 60 d, and down-regulated after 40 d to 50 d.The expressions of PhACO2 and PhACO3 were down-regulated after 20 d to 50 d, and up-regulated after 60 d.The expression of PhACS1 was down-regulated after 20, up-regulated after 40 d to 60 d.The expressions of PhACS2 and PhSAMS were down-regulated.Conclusion GA3 and ABA may control the ethylene signaling pathway to regulate plant growth through affecting the ethylene biosynthesis of Taizishen.It is speculated that Taizishen is treated with suitable concentration of GA3 in adventitious root growth period and treated with ABA treatment in root thickening period, the yield of Taizishen will be increased.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between early international normalized ratio(INR)and overanticoagulation in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)treated with Warfarin, and to evaluate its clinical value in predicting overanticoagulation.Methods:A total of 470 elderly patients with AF treated with Warfarin for anticoagulation were enrolled retrospectively.INR was detected in the morning of the next day after 3 days and 7 days of Warfarin treatment.According to whether INR was greater than 3.0 after 7 days of Warfarin treatment, the patients were divided into over-anticoagulation group(n=107)and non-over-anticoagulation group(n=363). The general clinical data of the two groups were analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to evaluate the value of 3-day INR(early INR)level in predicting overanticoagulation.Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors related to overanticoagulation in elderly AF patients receiving Warfarin treatment.Results:The age, initial warfarin dose, early INR and serum aspartate transferase level in the over-anticoagulation group were higher than those in the non-over-anticoagulation group( P<0.05 for all). The proportions of patients with initial Warfarin dose≥2.5 mg, age≥70 years old, body weight≤65 kg, valvular atrial fibrillation, hypoproteinemia, abnormal liver function, and combined use of antibiotics were higher in the over-anticoagulation group than those in the non-over-anticoagulation group( P<0.05 for all). The body weight, serum albumin level and the proportion of diabetes mellitus in the over-anticoagulation group were lower than those in the non-over-anticoagulation group( P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of early INR in predicting over-anticoagulation was 0.927(95% CI: 0.900-0.949, P<0.0001), the sensitivity was 82.86% and the specificity was 88.43%, the optimal cutoff value for predicting overanticoagulation was INR≥1.66.Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that early INR level≥1.66( OR=33.871, P<0.001), initial warfarin dose≥2.5 mg( OR=17.062, P=0.011), body weight≤65 kg( OR=2.824, P=0.002), age≥70 years old( OR=2.678, P=0.003), and abnormal liver function( OR=2.091, P=0.022)were related factors for over-anticoagulation in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Conclusions:Early INR level is closely related to overuse of anticoagulation in elderly AF patients receiving Warfarin treatment, which can be regarded as a predictor of overuse of anticoagulation.Early INR level in elderly AF patients receiving warfarin treatment should be monitored to reduce the incidence of anticoagulant overuse.

Objective:To investigate the effect of preoperative use of diuretics on cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury(CSA-AKI)in elderly patients.Methods:In this single-center retrospective study, 1 638 patients aged ≥60 years and undergone cardiac surgery(including coronary artery bypass grafting, valve replacement and valvuloplasty)in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital between January 2015 and December 2022 were recruited.The last preoperative serum creatinine(SCr)level was taken as the baseline value, and AKI was diagnosed according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes(KDIGO)criteria.Patients were divided into an AKI group and a non-AKI group according to whether AKI occurred after surgery.The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared, and the effect of preoperative use of diuretics on CSA-AKI was evaluated by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:Of 1638 patients enrolled in the study, 284 patients(17.3%)developed CSA-AKI.Compared with the non-AKI group, there were higher proportions of patients in the AKI group receiving furosemide(62.7% or 178/284 vs.46.2% or 626/1 354, χ2=25.397, P<0.001), spironolactone(70.1% or 199/284 vs.49.9% or 676/1 354, χ2=38.284, P<0.001), and hydrochlorothiazide(8.1% or 23/284 vs.3.5% or 47/1354, χ2=12.288, P<0.001). The number of diuretics in the AKI group was higher than in the non-AKI group[2(0, 2) vs.1(0, 2), Z=-6.381, P<0.001], and the proportion of patients using ≥2 diuretics was higher in the AKI group than in the non-AKI group(70.1% or 199/284 vs.49.0% or 664/1354, χ2=41.652, P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypoalbuminemia, NYHA functional class Ⅲ/Ⅳ, cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery, operative duration≥6 h, postoperative blood transfusion>600 ml, postoperative use of >3 vasoactive drugs and other variables, preoperative use of ≥2 diuretics remained an independent risk factor for CSA-AKI in elderly patients( OR=1.580, 95% CI: 1.042-2.396, P=0.031). Conclusions:AKI is a common complication after cardiac surgery in elderly patients.Preoperative use of ≥2 diuretics used may be an independent risk factor for CSA-AKI.

【Objective】 To investigate the characteristics of HBV serological markers of NAT reactive blood donors under different HBsAg status. 【Methods】 NAT reactive samples, with HBsAg-, HBsAg+ /retest - and HBsAg+ by single reagent were collected from September 2021 to May 2022 in our laboratory. The TMA non-reactive samples were retested by Roche PCR, then HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc were detected by ECLI for statistical analysis. 【Results】 A total of 66 samples were collected, among which 55 were HBsAg-/NAT+. The positive rate of anti-HBc, anti-HBs+ anti-HBc, anti-HBe+ anti-HBc was 87.3% (48/55), 43.6% (24/55) and 45.5% (25/55), respectively. The positive rate of anti-HBs was 10.9% (6/55) and the overall negative rate was 1.8% (1/55). In 7 HBsAg+ initially/retest -/NAT+ samples, the positive rate of anti-HBc was 100%(7/7), and the positive rate of anti-HBe+ anti-HBc was 71.4%(5/7). In 4 HBsAg+ /NAT+ samples by single reagent, the positive rate of HBsAg+ anti-HBs+ anti-HBe+ anti-HBc was 50% (2/4), and positive rate of anti-HBe+ anti-HBc was100% (4/4). Samples, not reactive to TMA discriminatory and anti-HBc negative, were also non-reactive to individual PCR retest. There were significant differences in the positive rates of anti-HBe+ anti-HBc between HBsAg-/NAT+ samples and HBsAg+ /NAT+ (single reagent) samples (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Most HBsAg-/NAT+ blood donors were occult hepatitis B virus infection.The anti-HBe+ anti-HBc positive were correlated with HBV infection status. Non-reactivity discriminated by TMA plus anti-HBc negative do not exclude HBV DNA non-reactivity.