As the rapid growth of population and economic development,the types and intensity of water pollution in urban river stream are increasing,which on one hand restrict the sustainable development of the social,economic and environment,on the other hand,damage people health. Since having safety,economy,practicality,systematic and other merits,ecological remedy technology has been the main means for controlling river contamination. In this paper,the recent researches on the ecological restoration technique for the urban stream in China in recent years were reviewed.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of modified Angelica Fritilaria Sophorae Pill assisting transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) to treat primary liver cancer. Methods Totally 84 patients with primary liver cancer were randomized into combination treatment group (42 cases) and conventional control group (42 cases). The conventional control group received TACE treatment, the combination treatment group received modified Angelica Fritilaria Sophorae Decoction and TACE. The tumor volume, TCM syndrome score, life quality, immune function and toxicity reaction of both groups were observed. Results Clinical observation was completed with 37 patients in each group. After three courses of treatment, the objective tumor response rate was 91.9% in combination treatment group and 86.4% in conventional control group (P<0.05). The clinical symptoms (fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, fatigue) in both groups were improved (P<0.05), with significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, KPS scores increased (P<0.05) in combination treatment group, and the scores of combination treatment group were significantly higher than those of the conventional control group (P<0.05). After treatment, Th1 function level increased (P<0.05) in combination treatment group, and that was better than the conventional control group (P<0.05). The incidence of liver toxicity and gastrointestinal reaction in the combination treatment group was significantly lower than that in the conventional control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Modified Angelica Fritilaria Sophorae Pill can enhance the efficacy of TACE treatment to treat primary liver cancer, reduce adverse reactions, and improve life quality of patients with primary liver cancer.

Objective To study the utilization of preoperative ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(USFNA) for axillary lymphnode(ALN) metastasis in breast cancer and to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of the technique. Methods Forty ALNs in 40 armpit negative palpation highly suspective breast cancer patients underwent USFNA. The cytopathological results were compared with the histopathological results of sentinel lymphnode(SLN) biopsy or axillary lymphnode dissection(ALND). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), negative predictive value(NPV) and diagnostic accuracy of USFNA for the ALN metastasis were analysed. Results All the 40 patients were confirmed with breast cancer by pathology. Sensitivity of USFNA was 52. 2%, specificity was 100%, PPV was 100%,NPV was 60. 7% and diagnostic accuracy was 72. 5%. 12(30% ) patients with positive cytology proceeded to ALND, avoiding SLN biopsy. Conclusions USFNA is a minimally invasive, highly specified technique for prediction of breast cancer ALN metastasis before operation.

Purpose: To study the short-term efficacy and toxicity of the neoajuvant chemotherapy with epirubicin (EPI) plus paclitaxel( TAX) in treatment of patients with breast cancer. Methods: 20 patients with stage Ⅱ,Ⅲ breast cancer were treated with paclitaxel plus epirubicin (TE) for 2 - 4 cycles every 3 weeks, their clinical response and the toxicity were assessed after 2-4 cycles of neoajuvant chemotherapy, and they are compared with those of the patients treated with vinorelbine plus epirubicin( VE) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients in TE arm received epirubicin 60 mg/m2 by intravenous injection on d 1, paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 by 3-hour continuous infusion on d 2, 3 weeks was 1 cycle. Patients assigned to the VE arm received epirubicin 60 mg/m2 by intravenous injection on d 1, vinorelbine 30 mg/m by intravenous injection on d 1 and d 8, 4 weeks was 1 cycle. All patients were treated by modified radical operation after neoajuvant chemotherapy. Results: The overall response rate( RR) was 80% (16/20) both in TE arm and VE arm. There were 3(15%) clinical complete response( cCR) and 2(10%) pathologic complete response ( pCR) in every arm. No patient showed progressive disease. A higher proportion of RR and pCR was observed in patients with 4 cycles of neoajuvant chemotherapy than those with 2 cycles in the two groups. The major toxicity, including leukopenia, gastroenteric reaction, flushing of face and phlebitis, were similar in both groups, but fatigue, alopecia and neurotoxicity were more severe in VE arm than in TE arm(P

Objective:The study aimed to validate the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) nomogram and Stan-ford Online Calculator (SOC) prediction of non-sentinel lymph node (NSLN) metastasis in Chinese patients with sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive breast cancers. Methods:The MSKCC nomogram and SOC were used to calculate the probability of NSLN metastasis in 120 breast cancer patients who were positive for SLNs. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) for each model was evaluated. Patients with 10%and 90%probabilities of NSLN metastasis were separately examined. Results:The MSKCC and SOC predicted the likelihood of NSLN metastasis in a consecutive group of 120 patients with AUCs of 0.688 and 0.734, respective-ly. At the lowest probability cutoff value of 10%, the false-negative rates of MSKCC and SOC were both 4.4%, and the negative predic-tive values were 75.0%and 90.0%, respectively. When the highest probability cutoff value of 90%was used, the false-positive rates were 0.0%and 6.7%, and the positive predictive values were 100.0%and 68.8%, respectively. Conclusion:Results of the MSKCC no-mogram and SOC were inferior to those of previous studies on predicting NSLN metastasis in Chinese patients with breast cancers. The prediction ability of SOC was slightly superior to that of the MSKCC nomogram.

Objective To compare the efficacy and toxicity of different cycles of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer. Methods Seventy-five patients with locally advanced breast cancer were treated with epirubicin (Epi) plus paclitaxel (TAX, ET regimen). Two cycles were used in 39 patients (2 cycles group) and 4 cycles were used in 36 patients (4 cycles group). Results The overall response rate (RR) was 74% (29/39) in 2 cycles group and 94% (34/36) in 4 cycles group. One patient got clinically complete response (CR), 28 cases had partial response (PR),10 with no change (NC) in 2 cycles group, while 21 patients showed CR including 11 patients with pathologically complete response, 13 with PR, and 2 with NC in 4 cycles group. There was no progression to advanced stage in either groups. Axillary lymph nodes were palpable in all 75 patients before ET regimen, lymph nodes became non-palpable in 46% (18/39) cases in 2 cycles group and in 75% (27/36) cases in 4 cycles group. Toxicities including leukopenia, gastroenteric reactions were similar in the 2 groups, though arthralgia, myalgia, and neurotoxicity were more common in 4 cycles group than 2 cycles group. Conclusion Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with ET regimen for 4 cycles were more effective than 2 cycles to down staging locally advanced breast cancer. Toxicities including arthralgia, myalgia, and neurotoxicity were more common in 4 cycles group than 2 cycles group.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy and toxicity of two different regimens as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

METHODSForty-eight patients with stage II, III breast cancer as proved by cytology biopsy, were treated with either 5-Fu, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide (FEC) or epirubicin, paclitaxel (ET) regimens for 2 cycles every 3 - 4 weeks. Clinical responses in the breast and lymph nodes were assessed after 2 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients in FEC arm received combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) 500 mg/m(2) by 4-hour continuous infusion on D1 and D8, epirubicin (EPI) 50 mg/m(2) by intravenous injection on D1, and cyclophosphamide (CTX) 500 mg/m(2) by intravenous injection on D1 and D8. Patients assigned to the ET arm received EPI 60 mg/m(2) by intravenous injection on D1, paclitaxel (TAX) 150 mg/m(2) by 3-hour continuous infusion on D2. All patients were treated by operation 2 weeks later and radiotherapy was added to some.

RESULTSFor primary tumor in the breast, the overall response rate (RR) was 50.0% (12/24) in FEC arm and 79.2% (19/24) in ET arm. One patient showed clinical complete response (cCR), 11 partial response (PR), 12 no change (NC) after the FEC therapy, while 1 patient showed CR, 18 PR, 5 NC after ET therapy. There was no pathologic complete response or progressive disease, though a higher proportion of RR was observed in stage II than stage III patients in these two groups. Clinically palpable axillary lymph nodes which had been found in all 48 patients before 2 cycles of treatment, 50.0% (12/24) in the FEC patients and 66.7% (16/24) in the ET patients became in-palpable. The major toxicity, including leukopenia, gastroenteric reactions, were similar in both groups, but alopecia was more severe and arthralgia, myalgia, neurotoxicity and flushing of face were the unique features of the ET regimen.

CONCLUSIONNeoadjuvant chemotherapy with two different regimens were effective to the primary tumor and axillary metastatic lymph nodes of breast cancer, and the side effects were tolerable. Higher efficacy and more side effects are observed in ET than in FEC regimen.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Cyclophosphamide ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Epirubicin ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Paclitaxel ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Taxoids ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To verify the reliability of our previously established reverse-transcription loop-mediated isother-mal amplification ( RT-LAMP) method for the detection of sentinel lymph nodes metastasis in breast cancer patients .Meth-ods Sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer patients were analyzed by RT-LAMP and FDA-approved GeneSearch methods respectively, and the consistency of the two methods was assessed with a kappa concordance test.Results One hundred and thirty-four cases of sentinel lymph node samples were collected from seven hospitals in Beijing .Using the GeneSearch assay as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity and consistentcy of RT-LAMP were 96.2%(25/26),96.3%(104/108) and 96.3%(129/134), respectively.Statistical analysis showed that the two methods were consistent (Kappa=0.8857, P<0.001).Conclusion RT-LAMP is highly consistent with GeneSearch ,efficient,simple and inexpensive, promising a good prospect of application to intra-operative detection of sentinel lymph nodes metastasis for breast cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the factors influencing the disease-free survival (DFS) and prognosis of patients with non small cell lung cancer after Ⅲa stage resection, and to evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine intervention.Methods A total of 148 cases met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The DFS, 1-, 2- and 3-year disease-free survival rates were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis were used to investigate the prognostic factors.Results In the analysis of 148 cases, the DFS was 17.49 months, 1 years, 2 years, 3 years disease-free survival rates were 62％, 40％, 29％. Single factor analysis showed that the duration of DFS was 21.03 months, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001) for 8.26 months without the intervention of Chinese medicine (TCM). Open chest surgery, syndrome differentiation, oral medicine, oral medicine dialectical decoction continuous time, vein used traditional Chinese medicine preparation course, traditional Chinese medicine to the route of administration, multidisciplinary intervention methods for prognosis related factors(P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that vein used traditional Chinese medicine preparation course (≥4 courses) and traditional Chinese medicine intervention (≥six months time), syndrome differentiation, oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine combined with intravenous preparations continued administration were the non-independent protective factors for disease-free survival and prognosis (P<0.05). Postoperative application of intravenous formulation more than or equal to four courses showed 57.1％ risks of recurrence and metastasis than the those fewer than 4 courses. After operation is Postoperative continued intervention of traditional Chinese medicine more than or equal to 6 months showed 50.4％ risks of recurrence and metastasis than the those fewer than 6 months. Postoperative adminstration of intravenous and oral traditional Chinese medicine showed 27.7％ risks of recurrence and metastasis than the those fewer than only TCM syndromes differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine.Conclusions The combination of syndrome differentiation with oral and intravenous application of traditional Chinese medicine helps to delay the recurrence and metastasis of postoperative stage Ⅲa NSCLC.

Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics of bacteria in urine of patients with ureteral stent crusting.Methods:Thirty-five patients who underwent ureteral stent placement at the Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan Central Hospital, and Jinan Jigang Hospital were selected from October, 2018 to March, 2019(the clinical study registration number is ChiCTR1800020025). The inclusion criteria were patients who had the stent intubated for 4 weeks after ureteroscopic lithotripsy, aged between 18 and 65 years. Exclusion criteria were patients with positive urine bacterial culture, severe gross hematuria, recent oral antibiotics, and patients with significant residual stones. This clinical study uses a cross-sectional study method, and those patients were divided into crusting group (n=23) and non-crusting group (n=12) according to the presence or absence of stent crusting. On the day of extubation, urine of the patients was collected for bacterial 16s DNA detection. The distribution characteristics of bacteria in urine of the two groups were analyzed using UPARSE, UCHIME and RDP calssifier. The total number of bacteria species, bacterial abundance and bacterial species with large-scale abundance in urine of the two groups were determined. The quantity of bacteria species and bacterial abundance in the urine between the two groups were compared, and the bacterial species with large-scale abundance in urine of the patients with stent crusting were identified.Results:There were no significant differences in general information such as age, body mass index, gender, affected side, type of stent tube, and stone composition between the two groups. Using 16s DNA sequencing to detect the bacteria in the urine of the two groups revealed that the number of bacterial species with abundance >1% was 11, and the number of bacterial species with abundance >0.01% was 74 in the crusting group. In the non-crusting group, the number of bacterial species with abundance >1% and >0.01% was 7 and 11, respectively. Compared with the non-crusting group, the number of bacterial species with abundance >1% in the crusting group was significantly larger ( t=5.12, P=0.000). In the crusting group, bacterial species with the top three abundance were g_Lactobacillus (23.1%), g_Bacteroides (18.8%) and g_norank_Bacteroides (17.1%). In the non-crusting group, bacterial species with the top three abundance were g_Escherichia-Shigella (32.2%), g_Enterococcus (24.9%) and g_Pseudomonas (18.2%). The three bacteria with the greatest difference between the two groups were g_ Lactobacillus ( P=0.010), g_Bacteroides ( P=0.004) and g_norank_Bacteroides ( P=0.004), respectively. Conclusion:The species and quantity of bacteria in the urine of patients with stent crusting are both significantly larger than those of patients without stent crusting. Bacteroides with larger-scale abundance in the urine of patients with stent crusting may promote the deposition of crystals on the stent wall through its structure, function and urease positive characteristics.