Resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic compound. It possesses a variety of biological properties including neuroprotective effects, cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. In recent years, the anti-tumor effects of resveratrol have attracted a lot of attention. Its anti-tumor effects may be mediated by inhibiting tumor initiation, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, promoting tumor cell apoptosis and inhibiting tumor cell invasion.

Objective To study water-soluble constituents of Dioscorea zingiberensis in order to seek active components. Methods Various chromatographic techniques were used to isolate the constituents. Structures of compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 135DEPT, HMQC, HMBC, and TOCSY. Results One new steroidal saponin was isolated and identified as 26-O-(?-D-glucopyranosyl)-(25R)-furost-5-en-3?, 26-diol-22-OMe-3-O-｛?-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[?-D-glucopyranosl-(1→3)-?-D-glucopyranosl-(1→2)]-?-D-glucopyranoside｝. Conclusion The compound is a novel compound named as zingierenin E. The other two compounds are reported for the first time from D. zingiberensis.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Dioscorea zingiberensis.Methods The fresh rhizome of D.zingiberensis was extracted three times,3 h once with EtOH-H2O at 80 ℃.The EtOH was evaporated under reduced pressure to give a residue which was suspended in water and then was exacted with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,and n-butanol fraction.The water fraction was isolated by the reversed-phase ODS column chromatography.The chemical structures were elucidated by means of 1H-NMR,13C-NMR,135DEPT,HMQC,and HMBC spectroscopic analyses.Results Three steroidal saponins were isolated from the fresh rhizome of D.zingiberensis.The compounds were identified as:diosgenin-3-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-?-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-[?-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-?-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅰ),(25R)-26-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-furost-5-en-3?,22?-diol-3-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-?-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-[?-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-?-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅱ),and(25R)-26-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-furost-5-en-3?,22?-diol-7-carbonyl-3-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-?-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-[?-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-?-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅲ).Conclusion Compound Ⅲ is a novel compound named as zingiberenin H.

Object To separate and characterize the chemical constituents of soybean germ Methods Column chromatogram, MS spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were employed Results Two new isoflavones were isolated from soybean germ They were isomer and relative molecular weight was 564 Compound Ⅰ was 6″ ? D arabinose genistin, compound Ⅱ was 6″ ? D xylose genistin Conclusion The two new isoflavones are first discovered in soybean

Objective To explore the mechanism of cytokines for the scars,and to study the effect of platelet derived growth factor(PDGF)on the biological behavior of fibroblasts in scars.Methods Fibroblasts of scars and normal skins were cultured in vitro.The results were observed and analyzed by light inverted microscopy(LM),and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5 ciphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT)assay.The effects of PDGF on the biological behaviors of fibroblasts of scars were also determined. Results In vitro study,using LM,FCM and MTT assay,showed that proliferation of fibroblasts were inereased significantly when PDGF was added to the cultures,as compared to the control groups.Conclusions PDGF can increase fibroblast proliferation.These results demonstrate that PDGF is beneficial for wound healing at early stage.

BACKGROUND: Nerve growth factor is secreted and synthetized by a variety of cells, such as inflammatory calls and repairing calls, its biological effects are diverse and closely related to the process of wound repair, but its mechanism is not yet clear.OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of nerve growth factor on the biological characteristics of scar fibroblasts.METHODS: Eight clinical surgical resection specimens, including 5 face and neck hyperplastic scar or keloid specimens, did not receive any treatment; three were prepuce specimens following circumcision (normal tissue). By use of tissue block method, the scar and normal skin fibroblasts were cultured, followed by digestion passage. The scar tissue and normal tissue flbroblasts at 3-6passages in the logarithmic phase were seeded in 96-well plate and divided into the experimental group (scar flbroblest group) and the control group (normal skin fibroblasts group), with two parallel holes in each group were added with 3,33, 0.33 mg/L nerve growth factor, 50 μL. Inverted microscope was used to observe fibroblast morphology. At 24, 48, 72 hours after culture, the absorbanca value was measured using MTT. Fibroblast DNA content and cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The fibroblasts were adherent cells, the scar and normal skin tissues were shown to cell free out of tissue block and gradual expansion at 4-6 days after incubation. Compared with normal skin fibroblasts, the pathological scar fibroblasts became larger, irregular shape and arrangement. MTT results showed that nerve growth factor could promote the normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts growth, which becomes more apparent. Flow cytometry results showed that by adding nerve growth factor, the percentage of scar fibroblasts at proliferating S-G_2-M phase was higher than that in the control;group; with a Iower level of apoptosis. It is indicated that nerve growth factor plays an obviously promoting role on normal and scar skin fibroblasts growth and proliferation, especially on the scar skin.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of urate in chronic kidney disease complicated with renal interstitial fibrosis(CKD-RIF).Methods Mice were continuously fed with a diet containing 0.2％adenine for a duration of 9 weeks to establish mice models with CKD-RIF.By the end of the 9-week experimental periods,collected blood samples from the posterior orbital venous plexus of mice to measure renal functions and serum urate concentrations prior to euthanizing the mice.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and periodic acid-Schiff staining(PAS)were used to investigate the pathological alternations in kidney tissues.Masson's trichrome staining was used to observe the extent of renal fibrosis.Urate staining was used to detect urate deposition in renal tissues.Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of target molecules.Scratch tests were used to ex-amine the migration abilities of cells treated with different concentrations of uric acid.Results The kidney function analysis showed that a significant increase in the levels of serum urea nitrogen(P=0.006 4),creatinine(P=0.008 0)and urate(P=0.000 7)in the CKD-RIF mice compared with the normal control group.The results of HE staining and PAS staining showed a significance of renal tubule injury and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the model group.Masson's trichrome staining showed that a marked increase in collagen deposition in the model group.The results of urate staining showed a significant presence of urate crystals in kidney tissue of the model group when compared to the control group.Animal tissue immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry analysis showed a significant increase in the expression levels of vimentin,α-SMA and TGF-β1 in the model group in comparison to the control group.Conversely,in the model group,E-cadherin levels exhibited a dramatic reduction compared to the control group.The findings from the scratching tests showed that uric acid significantly enhanced cell migration.Western blot analysis showed a dramatic increase in the expression levels of vimentin and α-SMA,while E-cadherin exhibited significant decrease in the cells subjected to uric acid treatment.Conclusion Urate stimulates the secre-tion of TGF-β1 by renal tubule epithelial cells and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation,thereby ex-acerbating renal interstitial fibrosis in CKD.

Objective:To evaluate the biomechanical performance of our self-designed anatomical plate for posterolateral tibial plateau in comparison with conventional plates for treatment of posterolateral tibial plateau fractures.Methods:A novel anatomic plate for posterolateral tibial plateau was designed according to the data measured in the superior fibular capitulum and 3D CT segmentation. Twenty-four knee joints were obtained from 12 freshly frozen adult cadavers to make models of posterolateral tibial plateau fracture. The models were divided into 3 groups( n=8). In group A, fixation was simulated via the supra-fibular-head approach after autogenous iliac bone-graft by our self-designed anatomic plate for posterolateral tibial plateau; in group B, fixation was simulated via the posterior tibial approach after autogenous iliac bone-graft by a small T-plate; in group C, fixation was simulated via the supra-fibular-head approach after autogenous iliac bone-graft by a normal L-plate. Biomechanical tests were carried out in the 3 groups to measure the vertical displacements of split bone fragment under the vertical compression loads of 500 N, 1,000 N and 1,500 N and the maximum compression upon failure of internal fixation (compressed displacemen t=3 mm). Results:At the vertical compression loads of 500 N, 1,000 N and 1,500 N, the vertical displacements of split bone fragment showed significant differences among the 3 groups ( P<0.05); there was a significant difference between group C and groups A and B, respectively ( P<0.05), but an insignificant difference between group A and group B ( P>0.05) though group A performed slightly better. In terms of the maximum compression upon failure of internal fixation, significant differences existed among the 3 groups ( P<0.05); there was a significant difference between group C and groups A and B, respectively ( P< 0.05), but an insignificant difference between group A and group B ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Our self-designed anatomic plate for posterolateral tibial plateau can firmly fixate the fracture fragments of posterolateral condyle.

Objective: To explore effects of perforator flaps combined with muscle flaps for repairing grade Ⅳ pressure ulcers in ischial tuberosity of elderly patients. Methods: Nine elderly patients with grade Ⅳ pressure ulcers in ischial tuberosity were hospitalized in our burn ward from April 2014 to April 2017. Size of wounds ranged from 5 cm×3 cm to 12 cm×7 cm, and depth of sinus ranged from 6 to 22 cm. After admission, emergency debridement or debridement in selective time was performed. After debridement, the wounds were treated with continuous vacuum assisted closure therapy. After the treatment for 1 to 2 weeks, tissue flaps repair operations were performed. Four patients were repaired with inferior gluteal artery perforator flaps combined with long head of biceps femoris muscle flaps. Three patients were repaired with inferior gluteal artery perforator flaps combined with semimembranous muscle flaps. One patient was repaired with inferior gluteal artery perforator flap combined with gracilis muscle flap. One patient was repaired with femoral profound artery perforator flap combined with gluteus maximus muscle flap, and the distal area of femoral profound artery perforator flap of the patient which showed intraoperative cyanosis of 6 cm×4 cm was thinned to medium thickness skin to cover the muscle flap. The other eight patients showed no abnormality during operation. Size of perforator flaps ranged from 7 cm×5 cm to 14 cm×12 cm, and size of muscle flaps ranged from 11 cm×4 cm to 24 cm×6 cm. The donor sites of flaps were all sutured directly. Results: The tissue flaps and skin graft of all patients survived well after operation. During follow-up of 8 to 35 weeks, operative area of all patients showed good shape and texture, with no local diabrosis or recurrence of pressure ulcers. Conclusions The combination of perforator flaps and muscle flaps is effective in repairing and reducing recurrence of grade Ⅳ pressure ulcers in ischial tuberosity of elderly patients.

Objective:To examine the social isolation(SI)status among the elderly population in China and its effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases(CCVD).Methods:Utilizing data from the Fourth China Urban and Rural Elderly Living Conditions Sample Survey, the social isolation(SI)score was determined based on four components: marital status, living arrangements, frequency of contact with relatives and friends, and social participation.The χ2 test was employed to examine variations among socially isolated individuals, regional disparities within each province, and subgroups within each covariate.Additionally, Logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the impact of SI and its associated factors on CCVD. Results:The final analysis included 218 329 elderly individuals, revealing that the incidence and number of SI in Shandong Province are the highest in China at 18.95%(3 360 out of 17 735).The incidence of SI in the Eastern coastal provinces is notably higher than in the Western region.Factors contributing to a higher prevalence of SI include living in rural areas, being female, older age, belonging to ethnic minorities, having low educational attainment, facing economic disadvantages, smoking, drinking alcohol, lack of exercise, loneliness, poor sleep quality, and dissatisfaction with housing conditions.The study found that SI increased the risk of developing cardiovascular disease even after adjusting for negative emotional experiences or poor lifestyle choices( OR=1.190, 95% CI: 1.016-1.296, P=0.016, OR=1.208, 95% CI: 1.131-1.291, P<0.001), and the risk further increased when both factors were simultaneously adjusted for( OR=1.237, 95% CI: 1.160-1.319, P<0.001). Conclusions:Combining SI with poor lifestyle and negative emotions significantly raises the risk of cardiovascular disease, highlighting the importance of addressing these factors in the elderly population.