Objective The study was focused on the current situation of human resources of pharmaceutical enterprises in Heilongjiang Province, to solve the problems of workforce shortage in small- and medium-sized pharmaceutical enterprises, and put forward corresponding countermeasures. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to investigate the basic situation of 12 pharmaceutical enterprises in Heilongjiang Province in June - November 2016, and interviews and questionnaire survey were conducted with the employees of human resources departments. The basic situation of the survey included: the general situation, the demand for talent, the development of pharmaceutical enterprises and so on. Staff interviews included: the number of talents introduced and the number of outflows in the past 3 years, human resources needs, knowledge and ability of pharmaceutical enterprises. The staff survey included: employee job satisfaction, turnover tendency and career development prospects. Results The number of employees in the 12 pharmaceutical enterprises was 22065. Employees' age was in 34 - < 44 years old, with low education qualifications, 74.6% (16456/22065) of employees attended junior college or below . There were 6246 technical personnel , most of them (3678) received college education. In the interviews with 36 employees, it was found that the pharmaceutical enterprises were short of workforce. The unstable sources for the workforce and brain drain were the biggest problem in the development of pharmaceutical enterprises. In the 591 questionnaires, 24.6%(145/591) of employees had the idea of changing jobs in the past year. Conclusion Pharmaceutical enterprises should pay attention to the introduction and training of talented staff, and develop a series of preferential conditions to attract them, so as to achieve the goal of thriving enterprises by talented workforce.

The teaching of clinical probation is the main link in the course of training medical talents. In the past fewyears the teaching of clinical probation bears much heavier pressure with the health care reform, some new unveiledpolicies and laws, and the growth of student intake scale of clinical medicine. To better carry out the clinical teaching,this article systematically analyzes many relevant factors that influence the clinical teaching. At the same time thearticle also makes research and discussion in relation to the following aspects:the clinical teaching reform,establishingthe teaching system on standardized patients,setting up simulation center for clinical skill training and implementing thesystem of Bachelor-to-Master program and Master-to-Doctorate program.[

A century ago the Flexner Report facilitated the process of modern medical education reform.Half a century ago,Problem-based learning initiated the student-centered medical education model.At present training medical students' competency will usher in the third reform in medical education.Over 100 years' development and in the global context of current medical education reform,China's medical education has become an important part of the world medical education.Harbin Medical University conducted an all-around reform through international cooperation and received the accreditation referenced according to global standards in medical education,which is an epitome of the medical education reform in China.

Problem-based social practice is organically combined with health education lessons,to improve tobacco control capacity of preventive medicine students,through study in class and social practice after class.The students' awareness rate of tobacco regulations,support rate of smoke-free school,rejecting smoking rate,and lifetime non-smokers rate have significantly increased ( 40％～90％ ) after intervention.The teaching method is adult learning model,and it has effectively enhanced preventive medical students' tobacco control capacity.

Objective To study classroom teaching quality evaluation standards from two perspectives of teachers and students,and comparatively study difference of evaluation standards for teachers and students.Methods Questionnaire survey method is adopted.Classroom teaching quality evaluation entry questionnaire is distributed to 320 teachers and 560 students.SPSS 18.0 software is utilized for statistical analysis on the collected data.Expert consultation method is applied to determine membership degree on the analysis results.Finally,14 experts and 20 students are invited to sequence the importance of each dimension obtained after membership determination.Expert evaluation method is used for calculating the weight of each dimension thereof.Results Generally,the results show that all the teaching quality evaluation standards which have been selected by teachers and students can be assorted into 5 dimensionalities,namely teaching content,teaching method,teaching norm,teaching organization and students' learning condition.Particularly,teachers maintain that 23 indicators can be chosen to assess the classroom teaching quality while students think that 24 items are qualified for evaluating the room teaching quality,and they reach a consensus in 13 items.Besides,there is a big difference in their weight of the 5 dimensionalities.Conclusions By comparing and analyzing the choices and opinions about the classroom teaching quality evaluation standard between teachers and students,we learn that the two relative groups' assessments and comments are far different mainly attributing to their different evaluation perspectives on classroom teaching quality.Therefore,we advise different evaluation indicator systems should be adopted respectively for evaluation subjects in classroom teaching quality evaluation.

Objective A preliminary study was conducted on the measuring tool for teachers' attitude in the medical schools towards curriculum integration of medical program.Methods Literature review and expert interview were conducted to design a questionnaire which comprised 56 items to investigate teachers' attitude towards medical curriculum integration.The method of factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to evaluate structure validity,the content validity index I-CVI and S-CVI were used to evaluate the content validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and split-half reliability were used to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire.Results Three principal components were extracted by factor analysis,which explained 59.219％ of the total variance.After rotation,the factors 1-3 were respectively defined as value recognition,participation initiative and emotional tendency.Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the three factors and all the items is 0.922,0.903,0.728 and 0.862 respectively.Conclusion The reliability and validity of the measurement tool is acceptable,and can be used as a reference for similar domestic survey

Objective:To investigate the current situation of students' academic procrastination behavior in medical colleges and universities and its influencing factors, and to put forward suggestions to reduce the academic procrastination of medical students.Methods:A total of 1 327 undergraduate students from three medical colleges and universities in Heilongjiang Province were randomly selected to receive questionnaire investigation on life satisfaction, anxiety, and academic procrastination. SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis.Results:①The total procrastination scores of medical students were (35.00±8.92) points. ②There were statistical differences in the academic procrastination of medical students with different genders, whether the only children, the reasons for choosing the major, and the level of achievement ( P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in academic procrastination among medical students of different ages and grades ( P > 0.05). ③Medical students' procrastination was positively correlated with their anxiety level ( r = 0.102, P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with life satisfaction ( r = -0.117, P < 0.01). ④Regression analysis showed that the following six predictive variables including the level of achievement, gender, life satisfaction, anxiety, reasons for choosing the major, and whether the only children could effectively explain the variance of 14.2% academic procrastination of medical students. Conclusion:The overall degree of academic procrastination of medical students is higher than that of non-medical students. And the students' achievement level, gender, life satisfaction, anxiety, the reasons for choosing this major and whether the only child are the influencing factors of academic procrastination.

Objective To construct the objective system of 5+3 integrated clinical medicine personnel training mode.Methods For the attitude,knowledge and ability clinical medical students should have,who received 5+3 integrated training,we adopted literature research,expert interviews intending to make a preliminary questionnaire items,and invited experts and graduates to modify the expressions of the items a number of times,and eventually formed the final questionnaire that met the study objective.We asked 500 teachers in basic medicine,clinical medicine,and medical humanities and so on,to evaluate the importance of the questionnaire.406 valid questionnaires were recovered and the effective recovery rate was 81.2％.Epidata 3.1 and SPSS 19.0 were used for survey data summary statistics,exploratory factor analysis and factor weighting method were used to get the goal of talent training base,and on these basis target system was constructed.Results In 5+3 integrated medical education model,clinical medical personnel training target system included knowledge,attitude and ability of the part,a total of 9 target groups.Each group contained elements in the training target system for different weights,among which attitude included a common factor,proportion of 27.51％;knowledge consisted of three factors,the proportion of 29.34％;and the ability contained five common factors,accounting for highest proportion of 43.15％.Conclusion 5+3 integrated clinical medical talents training target system established in this study highlights the ability requirements,emphasizes the comprehensive quality training,which accords with the principles of talent training goal and the requirements of 5+3 medical education model,has certain guiding significance for the curriculum reform,and can be used for reference in the development of talents training program for medical colleges and universities.

Objective To describe and analyze the status quo of the doctor and nurse configuration in Heilongjiang Province,and to study their cultivation condition while predicting the number of medical staff.Methods Through the health workforce database of Heilongjiang Province in 2014,using Excel 2007 statistical software,the status quo of doctor and nurse configuration was analyzed.The grey prediction model was also used to analyze the number of medical staff in Heilongjiang province from 2004 to 2014,and the number of medical staff in Heilongjiang province from 2016 to 2018 was predicted.Results Up to 2015,the number of doctors and nurses in Heilongjiang Province accounted for 0.42％ of the total population,composed of mainly young and middle-aged staff and mostly with bachelor's degree and junior college certificate.Doctor-to-nurse ratio was 1:0.96.The grey prediction model indicated that the number of medical staff in Heilongjiang Province would increase year by year,and the inversion of doctor-to-nurse ratio would be eased.Conclusion The reform and development of medical education in Heilongjiang Province has promoted the optimization of the professional title structure and educational structure.It is expected that by 2016 Heilongjiang medical care ratio inversion problem will be completely resolved.

Objective To develop an evaluation index system of reputation for higher medical insti-tutions and to test its reliability and validity. Methods Using literature method and small-group discussion to collect the evaluation indexes, the data was collected by the questionnaire survey and the 1 493 effective questionnaires were collected with effective recovery rates of 61.90%. And the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods were conducted to develop evaluation index system with using the SPSS 17.0 soft-ware for statistics analysis. Results The evaluation index system of reputation for higher medical institutions included six dimensionalities: social responsibility, opinion direction, social image, management quality, emotional attract and environmental facility. The Cronbachs’a coefficients of evaluation index system were greater than 0.7, RMSEA is 0.063<0.08, χ2/df is 3.933<5, therefore, the structural equation model fitting was good and evaluation index system had good validity. Conclusion This article has developed an evalu-ation index system of reputation for higher medical institutions, which has a good reliability and validity. To test the model’s reliability and validity, the suggestion that the future research will be performed between more other medical universities has been given.