ObjectiveApplying echocardiography to assess the effects of atrioventricular synchrony and ventricular activation sequence on left ventricular systolic function. MethodsTwenty patients with dual chamber pacemakers were included in the study. Pacemakers were programmed in random order to three different pacing modes:AAI,DOO or VVI.Applying echocardiography to measure left ventricular systolic function targets.A period of 5 minutes was allowed for each measurement.ResultsComparing with DOO and VVI,AAI increased SV,SVI,CO,CI,LVEF,FS and others significantly(P

AIM: To investigate the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) activator rosiglitazone on myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS: Forty-two SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group (n=14), I/R group (n=14) and I/R+rosiglitazone group (n=14). Myocardial infarct size was assessed by NBT staining. Plasma and myocardial angiotensin and aldosterone as well as plasma renin activity were detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Compared with I/R group, myocardial infarct size was reduced by 23.9% (P

AIM: To investigate the role of Rho-kinase signal pathway in rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFBs) proliferation and collagen synthesis induced by angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ). METHODS: CFBs of neonatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were isolated with the method of trypsin digestion and differential anchoring velocity. The CFBs were stimulated with AngⅡto induce fibrosis. Proliferation of CFBs was observed by MTT coloricmetric assay. Synthesis of collagen was detected by the hydroxyproline. The expression of Rho-kinase mRNA was examined using RT-PCR analysis. The extent of phosphorylation of myosin-binding subunit (MBS-P) of myosin phosphatase was quantified by Western blotting analysis, which was used to evaluate the activity of Rho-kinase.RESULTS: (1) Stimulation of neonatal SD rat CFBs with AngⅡ (10-7 mol/L) significantly increased CFBs proliferation and collagen synthesis (P

Objective To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of transcutaneous electricalnerve stimulation (TENS) on symptomatic diabetic neuropathy (DNP). Methods Electronic databases such asPUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Chinese Biomedical Database weresearched by using such mesh and text keywords as "TENS" and "diabetic neuropathy". Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on the effect of TENS on symptomatic diabetic neuropathy were included. Studies were selected and availa-ble data was extracted independently by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 4.2.8 software.Results Three RCTs involving 78 patients were included in this study. Compared with sham-stimulation, TENStherapy significantly reduced the score in pain (SMD -2.35, 95% CI [-4.24, -0.46 ] ) and the score in numb-ness (WMD -0.18, 95% CI [-0.32, -0.05 ] ). Subgroup analysis shows that TENS therapy was associated with a significant reduction in the score of pain in both 4-week treatment duration ( SMD - 5.37, 95% CI [ - 6.97,- 3.77 ] ) and 6-week treatment duration ( SMD - 1.01, 95% CI [ - 2.01, - 0.01 ] ), but not 12-week treatmentduration (SMD - 1.65, 95% CI [ -4.02, 0.73 ] ). Conclusion TENS therapy is a promising and safe strategyfor treatment of symptomatic diabetic neuropathy. More studies are still warranted to accumulate the evidence of theeffect of TENS therapy on DNP.

AIM:To investigate the effects of ox-LDL on TLR2 and TLR4 expression and production of TNF-?,IL-10,IL-12,NO and MDA in macrophages and to observe intervention effect of GW1929 in above procedure.METHODS:The mouse peritoneal macrophages were pretreated with ox-LDL(50 mg/L,100 mg/L)and GW1929(20 ?mol/L)respectively for 24 h.The concentrations of MDA,NO-2/NO-3,TNF-?,IL-10 and IL-12 in the culture fluid were detected.Flow cytometry was used to observe TLR2 and TLR4 expressions after the mouse peritoneal macrophages were pretreated with ox-LDL(50 mg/L)and GW1929(20 ?mol/L)respectively for 6 h,12 h,and 24 h.RESULTS:The concentrations of MDA,NO-2/NO-3,TNF-? and IL-10 in ox-LDL(50 mg/L,100 mg/L)group were higher than those in control and GW1929 group obviously,but the concentrations of above index in ox-LDL(50 mg/L,100 mg/L)+GW1929 group were lower than those in ox-LDL(50 mg/L,100 mg/L)group apparently.No IL-12 in every group was detected.Expressions of TLR-2 in ox-LDL+GW1929(6 h,12 h,24 h)group were lower than those in ox-LDL(6 h,12 h,24 h)group respectively.TLR-4 expressions in ox-LDL+GW1929(12 h)were lower than those in ox-LDL(12 h)apparently.CONCLUSION:ox-LDL up-regulates TLR2 and TLR4 expressions and promotes the production of ROX,NO,TNF-? and IL-10 in macrophages.GW1929 is capable of inhibiting the above ox-LDL effects.

Objective To explore the curative effect of pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fractures. Methods All 55 patients with unstable thoracolumbar fractures who were admitted to our hospital from Jan-uary 2012 to December 2013 were selected as research subjects and received the treatment of pedicle screw fixation. The Cobb angle and Frankel grading before and after the treatment were compared and analyzed. Results Average Cobb angle before the surgery was(21.1±0.5)o, and the average Frankel grade was(2.8±0.3). The Cobb angle in half an year after the surger was(7.0±0.2)o, and the average Frankel grading was(4.8±0.2). The differences were statisti-cally significant(P<0.05). In addition,55 patients did not show obvious complications in a one-year follow-up. Con-clusion The pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fractures has a significant effect and ad-vantages of good reduction fixation, easy operation and reestablishing spinal stability, so it can be applied as main treatment method for unstable thoracolumbar fractures.

Objective: The characteristics and differences of the general notice between the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the Japanese Pharmacopoeia were investigated to provide references and suggestions for the compilation of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
Methods: From the perspective of frame structure and main contents, the general notice between the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the Japanese Pharmacopoeia was compared.
Results: Each volume of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia had its general notice, including 34 to 48 items and 10 to 12 chapters based on different varieties collected in each volume. The Japanese Pharmacopoeia had 49 items not arranged by chapters. There are many differences on the general notice between the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, such as the definitions and expressions of names, determination of appearance, revision rules, risk assessment and quality control conception. The framework of the general notice in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia was clear, the content was specific and the operation was friendly. The term description of the general notice in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia was concise, and some terms need to be implemented under the guidance of professional knowledge.
Conclusion: In light of comparative study, every volume’s general notice of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia has its own characteristics. By integrating advanced analytical technique, combining the requirements with laws and regulations, and optimizing content and terms, all volume’s general notice could be explored to be coordinated and unified.