Traditional Chinese Medicine ( TCM) is an important part of primary health care services with the advantages of simplicity, convenience, low costs, and effective examinations. Under the influence of Western Medi-cine, improving the enterprise advantages of TCM becomes an imminent issue to resolve. With the perspective of be-havioral and social sciences, the paper systematically reviews the factors which impact the consumer acceptance of TCM in primary healthcare services and constructs the corresponding structural equation model based on the social learning theory. Meanwhile, AMOS17. 0 and SPSS were used to process empirical data. The paper presents the fol-lowing important conclusions: service encounter quality, emotional well-being and the influence degree are signifi-cantly correlated with the consumer acceptance of TCM;there is no significant relationship between individual-cogni-tion and consumer acceptance of TCM;consumer trust is not related to consumer acceptance of TCM;TCM technolo-gy acceptance is the major source of consumer acceptance of TCM. Finally, this paper introduces the policy recom-mendations of improving and promoting the service quality of TCM.

Fasciolopsis buski speciemens were collected, fixed with neutral formalin fixative solution, stained with alum-carmine staining solution, discolored with 2% kalium alum. The fixed and stained specimen shows clear internal structure with bright color, and can be stored for long time.

Objective To compare the effects of Niaoduqing Tablet and Niaoduqing Granule in tre atingchronic renal failure(CRF)induced by adenine in rats,which is expected to provide some lab oratory data for the clinical applic ation and innovation of the dosage forms.Methods CRF rat models induced by adenine were administered with Niaoduqing Tabl et or Niaoduqing Granule and then the seru m levels of BUN and Scr,haematologic al and biochemical indexes and renal histolog-ical features were observed.Results Both of two forms reduced serum levels of BUN and Scr,ameliorate the electrolyte,increase the number of red blood cell,hemoglobin content and haematocrit and alleviate pathological changes of the kidney tissue.Conclusion Both Niaoduqing Tablet and Niaoduqi ng Granule is effective in treating CRF in rats and the effect of Niaoduqing Tablet in ameliorating a nemia is superior to that of Niaoduqi ng Granule.

Humans ; Medical Waste Disposal ; methods ; standards ; Public Health Administration ; legislation & jurisprudence ; standards

Objective To investigate the early diagnostic value of serum Cystatin C in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill children.Methods Ninety-eight children of the severe case patients' rooms were divided into two groups:33 cases were AKI,65 cases were NAKI.Cystatin C and SCr in blood serum were detected by immunoturbidimetry and enzymic method every day.And compared serum Cystatin C,SCr concentrate and median diagnosis time between the two groups.Results Thirty-three cases in 98 cases of critically ill children occurred the AKI,65 patients without AKI.Comparing with the NAKI,the Cystatin C of AKI patients were significantly higher ((2.68 ±0.86) mg/L vs (0.76 ±0.15) mg/L) and SCr ((209.21 ± 100.53 ) μmol/L vs (77.46 ± 8.11) μmol/L),the differences were statistically significant (t =10.55,17.56,P ＜0.001) ; Cystatin C was in positive correlation with SCr (r =0.874,P ＜ 0.001) ; Median diagnosis time of AKI-Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ stage with Cystatin C were (3.0 ± 2.5) d,(5.0 ± 3.0) d and (9.0 ± 4.0) d,respectively,which was earlier than that of SCr ((5.0 ± 2.0) d,(7.0 ± 2.5) d and (10.0 ± 3.0) d,respectively; t =4.39,2.29,3.16,respectively ;P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In the process of AKI,the level of serum Cystatin C elevated significantly earlier than SCr,so it could as be one of the early dynamic criteria in the critically ill children.

Berberine is the major component of Coptidis Rhizoma and it has been used as anti-infection, anti-inflammation drug for gastrointestinal diseases. In recent years, evidence showed that it could regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. Moreover, its activity had been tested by clinical trials and animal researches. The mechanisms of berberine in diabetes include: improving the function of beta-cell; prompting insulin secretion and islets regeneration, lowing lipid level, regulating glucose and lipid metabolic by influence transcriptional factors expression such as PPARgamma, C/EBPalpha, SREBP-1c, LXR, having the activities of anti-oxidation and inhibiting reductase to repress oxidative stress state and regulate metabolic signal pathway. Although numbers of data supported that berberine could improving insulin resistance by clinical trials and animal studies, the large scale, multicenter clinical trials are needed to evaluate the effects of berberine for diabetes and its complications in the time of evidence-based medicine.
Animals ; Berberine ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects

Objective To study the effects of supra-physiologic glucose on the expression of PDX-1 and insulin secretion. Methods Islet cells isolated from SD rats were incubated in medium containing 5.6 mmol/L or 33 mmol/L glucose respectively for 3 days. Basic and glucose-induced insulin levels in supernate and in islet cells were detected. The PDX-1 mRNA and protein were detected. Results (1) Islet cells exposed to 33 mmol/L vs 5.6 mmol/L glucose for 3 days showed significant decrease in the basic and glucose-induced insulin release, and in cell insulin content and PDX-1 protein. (2) Prolonging incubation of islet cells in 33 mmol/L glucose aggravated the inhibitive effect on PDX-1 expression and insulin secretion. (3)Recovery to normal concentration of glucose in 3 days could partly improve PDX-1 expression and insulin secretion. Conclusions Inhibition of PDX-1 is one of the mechanism of glucotoxicity, and recovery to normal concentration of glucose in 3 days can partly improve PDX-1 expression and insulin secretion.

BACKGROUND:Dexmedetomidine is an efficient, highly selective alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, with sedative, analgesia and anti-anxiety effects, it has little impact on the respiration.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the analgesic effect induced by intrathecal injection of dexmedetomidine in rat model of spared nerve injury.
METHODS:A total of 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=12):normal control group, dexmedetomidine group and saline group. Except for the normal control group, spared nerve injury model was established in the rats of dexmedetomidine group and saline group. Dexmedetomidine group was treated with intrathecal injection of dexmedetomidine 3μg/kg every day within 14 days after injury. Saline group was given equal volume of saline for 14 days. The thermal withdrawal latency and mechanical withdrawal threshold were measured respectively before injury, after injury, before injection, and 2, 7, 14 days after intrathecal injection. Four rats were sacrificed in each group at day 2, 7 and 14 after injection, and the lumbar segments (L 4-6 Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to detect the morphology of the spinal dorsal horn neurons and ) of the spinal cord were removed. Real-time RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to determine the expression of protein kinase C mRNA and protein in the spinal dorsal horn neurons. immunohistochemistry staining was carried out to assess the expression level and distribution of protein kinase C.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The thermal withdrawal latency and mechanical withdrawal threshold in dexmedetomidine group and saline group were significantly decreased compared with normal control group before or after injection (P<0.05). However, both the thermal withdrawal latency and mechanical withdrawal threshold in dexmedetomidine group after intrathecal injection were significantly higher than those in saline group (P<0.05). The protein kinase C expression in spinal dorsal horn neurons was significantly decreased in dexmedetomidine group compared with saline, and reached to the most lowest levels as normal control group on 14 days after injection. Moreover, the apoptosis of spinal dorsal horn neurons in dexmedetomidine group was lighter than that in saline group, and was similar to the morphology of neurons in normal control group on 14 days after injection. Intrathecal injection of dexmedetomidine could attenuate the hyperalgesia induced by spared nerve injury, which might be associated with the inhibition of protein kinase C expression in spinal dorsal horn.

BACKGROUND:Dexmedetomidine is an effective high-selectivityα2-adrenoceptor agonist that has sedative, analgesic, anxiolytic effects, but slightly affects respiration.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine on selective damage of sciatic nerve branch in a rat model by intrathecal injection.
METHODS:A total of 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, physiological saline group and dexmedetomidine group. A rat model of selective damage of sciatic nerve branch was established by knotting off the common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve in the physiological saline group and dexmedetomidine group. Rats in the dexmedetomidine group were daily injected with dexmedetomidine 3μg/kg by intrathecal injection within 14 days after injury. Rats in the physiological saline group were injected with physiological saline.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the physiological saline group, the mechanical withdrawal threshold and the thermal withdrawal latency were significantly increased in the dexmedetomidine group (P<0.05). Neuronal nitric oxide synthase mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly decreased in the spinal dorsal horn (P<0.05). The injury to spinal dorsal horn neurons was obviously lessened. Moreover, neuronal nitric oxide synthase mRNA and protein expression levels and the injury to spinal dorsal horn neurons were similar between 14 days after administration and normal control group. Results indicated that intrathecal injection of dexmedetomidine could inhibit the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the spinal dorsal horn and relieve the pain induced by sciatic nerve injury.

Child ; Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Sleep