Objective To investigate the prevalence of mtDNA A3243G mutation in the early onset diabetics in Tianjin for exploring the relationship between mtDNA mutation and diabetes. Methods 348 kinship-free diabetics whose ages at onset were less than 45y were randomly recruited, with 207 control subjects. The PCR-RFLP and cloning techniques were applied to screen the A to G substitution at nucleotide 3243 of mtDNA tRNALEU（UUR）. Meanwhile, the clinical and genetic analysis was done from one pedigree. Results We detected two diabetics harboring the well-known a3243g mutation with the mutation frequency of 0.6%. While the mutation frequency in diabetics with （positive） family history was 1.2%, and zero in the control subject. The proband showed a typical （picture） of mitochondrial diabetes mellitus, while the other family members harboring the same （mutation） had heterogeneous presentation. Conclusion The prevalence of mtDNA A3243G mutation in early onset diabetes of Tianjin is low, but relatively higher in diabetes complicated with other （symptoms） of mitochondrial disease. Furthermore, its heterogeneity would decrease with aging in （mitotic） tissue

Objective To explore the relationship between MTHFR gene polymorphism and ~diabetic cardiovascular disease. Methods The MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C gene polymorphisms were detectd by PCR-RFLP to compare MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C genotype distribution and allele frequencies among three groups. Enrolled were 84 healthy individuals (NC) and 158 T2DM subjects who were classified into two groups, i.e. non-diabetes complications (NDC) and ~diabetic cardiovascular disease (DC). Results Patients with diabetic cardiovascular disease had higher frequencies of MTHFR C677T mutation genotype and T allele than control and non-diabetes complications subjects, and had lower folate levels (P<0.001). There were no significant differences in MTHFR A1298C genotype distribution and allele frequencies among three groups (P>0.05). A logistic regression analysis demonstrated that MTHFR C677T and age were the independent predictors of DC. Conclution There is a strong correlation between the polymorphism of MTHFR C677T and diabetic cardiovascular disease.

Objective To investigate the relationship between point mutation of nt3394 T→C of mitochondrial DNA ND1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) in the elderly. Methods Two hundred and eight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 180 subjects with normal glucose tolerance without DM family history were included. The mutation was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR RFLP). Results The point mutation of nt3394 T→C of mitochondrial DNA ND1 was found in 9 of 208 elderly patients with type 2 DM(4 3%), and 1 of 180 controls (0 6%). The incidence of this mutation was significantly different between the two groups ( P

Objective To investigate clinical traits of 2 families members habouring mtDNA 12026A→G mutation based on our previous studies.Methods 25 members in 2 families with probands with mtDNA 12026 mutation were examined.All their clinical and biochemical data were collected.Total genome was extracted conventionally from peripheral leucocytes of all participants,and PCR-RFLP techniques were applied to screen A to G substitution at nucleotide 12026 of mtDNA in ND4 region.Results We found 13 individuals habouring the 12026 A→G mutation in 2 pedigrees,all without deafness.Among them,5 with diabetes were found.Interestingly,we found 3 individuals with hyperthyroidism in one family(one also combined with diabetes).Conclusions Our findings suggest that diabetic families with mtDNA 12026 A→G mutation in ND4 region can have different clinical pictures,and may involve in autoimmune diseases

Objective To investigate clinical traits of 2 families members habouring mtDNA 12026A→G mutation based on our previous studies.Methods 25 members in 2 families with probands with mtDNA 12026 mutation were examined.All their clinical and biochemical data were collected.Total genome was extracted conventionally from peripheral leucocytes of all participants,and PCR-RFLP techniques were applied to screen A to G substitution at nucleotide 12026 of mtDNA in ND4 region.Results We found 13 individuals habouring the 12026 A→G mutation in 2 pedigrees,all without deafness.Among them,5 with diabetes were found.Interestingly,we found 3 individuals with hyperthyroidism in one family(one also combined with diabetes).Conclusions Our findings suggest that diabetic families with mtDNA 12026 A→G mutation in ND4 region can have different clinical pictures,and may involve in autoimmune diseases.

Objective A easier and faster rat model of organ injury caused by cardiopulmonary bypass was developed to provide a stable and economical experimental platform for the research of CPB ( cardiopulmonary bypass ) .Methods Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats weight between (288.8 ±26.1)g were randomly divided into sham group and CPB group .The right external jugular vein and bilateral femoral arteries were punctured in sham group ,while the rats in CPB group underwent 60 minutes cardiopulmoanry bypass with the perfusion flow no less than 120 mL· kg-1· min-1 .And the weight ,blood pressure ,blood gas and electrolytes were monitored and analyzed throughout the experi -ment.The serum,lung,liver and kidney were collected at 72 h after the operation for further detection .Results The rat model of cardiopul-monary bypass was established successfully with 90%survival rate .The changes of blood gas during intraoperative and postoperative were in accordance with clinical reality and the injury of lung ,liver and kidney were confirmed by serum results and pathological changes .Conclu-sion The model has the characteristics of lower weight ,less priming solution ,no need for endotracheal intubation and easier to assemble the bypass line ,furthermore the methods of puncture and CPB were exhibited through a large number of pictures .As a consequence ,the difficul-ties of establishing the rat model of CPB were reduced significantly .The changes of pathophysiology during intraoperative and postoperative were similar to clinical realities ,the survival rate and organ injury were satisfactory .So it can be used as an effective tool for the research of organ injury and the evaluation of therapeutic strategies associated with CPB .

Objective To investigate the expression of RCAS1 in the tissues of normal cervix,cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)and cervical cancer,and to explore their role in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma.Methods The expression of RCAS1 protein was analyzed by immunohistochemical S-P method in 89 cases of cervical carcinoma,82 cases of CIN,and 24 cases of normal cervical specimens.Results Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression rate of RCAS1 in normal cervix,CINⅠ,CINⅡ-Ⅲ and cervical cancer were 0.00,0.314,0.447 and 0.775,respectively.RCAS1 expression tended to increase along with tumor progression.The expression of RCAS1 in cervical cancer was significantly related to the histological grade,the tumor in different sizes(≥4cm or 0.05)betwan patients' age,clinical stage and histological classification.Conclusions The data suggested that RCAS1 might play an important role in the pathoqenesis and development of cervical carcinoma.Over expressed RCAS1 could be regard as an important parameter in malignant degree and poor prognosis of cervical cancer.

Nerve segments were excised from the posterior limb of the adult dog and treated by repeated freezing and thawing for five times. A segment about 5 mm long was removed from the right tibial nerve proximal to the popliteal fossa of each experimental adult rabbit, and 8 mm of nerve segment from the dog prepared as above was transplanted in the gap. Both the proximal and distal ends of the tibial nerve of host rabbits were sutured to the graft nerve of the donor dog. The grafts were excised together with the sutured cut ends of the recipient tibial nerve at 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 15, 18, and 31 weeks after transplantation. The regenerating nerve fibers were found by light microscope from the proximal end of the right tibial nerve to the graft, and from the graft to the distal part of the tibial nerve at 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 15, 18 and 31 weeks. Under electron microscope regenerating myelinated and unmyelinated fibers were found to be separate or in fascicle in the graft and the distal segment of the tibial nerve at the above survival time after transplantation. Perineurium was seen surrounding the regenerating nerve fascicles. Neurotubules, neurofilaments and mitochondria were found in the regenerating axons. The diameter of the regenerating myelinated fibers with long survival time after transplatation was thicker than that with short survival time. Repeated freezing and thawing reduced the antigenicity of the heterogenic nerve that it was not rejected after transplantation, and induced the regenerating nerve fibers of the host grow into the graft nerve and extend distally.

Objective: To detect the relationship between variant of rsl255372 in transcription factor 7-Like 2(TCF7L2) gene and the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Tianjin Han populations. Methods: Three hundred and fifty-two T2DM patients and 176 healthy controls were randomly selected to extract the genome DNA. Denaturing high performance liquid chromatography was used to detect the PCR amplified fragment. The different peaks were chosen for sequencing. The differences of different genotype frequency between the groups were analysed. The Logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk factors of T2DM. Results: The G/T genotype frequencies of rsl2255372 were 18.5% and 2.8% in T2DM group and healthy control group respectively (P < 0.05). The G/T genotype, glycosylated hemoglobin, urea nitrogen and the systolic blood pressure were the independent risk factors of T2DM, and the high density lipoprotein was the protective factor. There was no significant difference of the G/T genotype frequency in T2DM patients with different complications. Conclusion: This study indicates that G/T genotype in the TCF7L2 gene significantly contributes to T2DM susceptibility in Tianjin Han populations. The G/T genotype is one of the risk factors of the T2DM.

Objective This study investigates feasibility of replacing urinary epidermal cells with foreskin epidermal cells to reconstruct engineered anterior urethra with acellular collagen matrix. Methods A cellular collagen matrices were generated from allogeneic rabbit bladder submucosa.In 6 rabbits,autologous foreskin epidermal cells isolated,in vitro expanded and labeled with Brdu before seeding onto a tubular collagen matrix of 2 cm long.In 12 male rabbits, urethral mucous defect was created and urethroplasty was performed with tubular collagen matrix seeded with epidermal cells (n=6) in experimental group or matrix without cells seeding (n=6) in control group.Urethrography was performed at 1,2,and 6 months postoperatively.Urethras grafts were harvested and analyzed grossly and histologically at the same time points. Results In control group, gross and urethrography demonstrated urethral stricture of repaired defects at all time points.Histology showed a single layer of epidermal cell with unorganized and crassitude muscle fiber bundles in submucosa layer.In contrast, urethrography showed a patency of repaired urethral defect with the maintenance of a wide urethral caliber in experimental group without sign of strictures at any time points. Histologically,the graft seeded with epidermal cell had a multi-layers epidermal cells by 1 month,which demonstrated the presence of a epidermal cells layer with a normal submucosa structure.The immunoflorescent staining of Brdu confirmed the presence of implanted epidermal cells.In addition, the implanted cells also express keratin when stained with anti-pancytokeratins AE1/AE3 antibody.At 2 month,histology showed relatively normal urethral architecture with vessel abundance in submucosa structure.The staining of Brdu showed decreased at implanted epidermal cells and epithelial phenotypes were confirmed immunocytochemically using pancytokeratins AE1/AE3.At 6 month,the graft structure show multi-layers epidermal cells without staining of Brdu. Conclusions Urethra reconstruction was better achieved with cell seeded acellular collagen matrix when compare with acellular matrices alone.Foreskin epidermal cells seems succeeded in replacing urethral epidermal cells for urethra reconstruction.