Objective To assess the quality of life (QoL) of rural elderly persons using the health-related dimensions of the EuroQol-5 (EQ-5D) scale to analyze the scale's reliability and validity.Methods A total of 2575 elderly residents of Tongchun rural community in Kaihua county,Zhejiang Province,were surveyed using the instrument EQ-5D,and the visual analogue scale of EQ.They included 1027 with and 1548 without chronic disease.Results The mean total EQ-5D score was 6.49 ± 1.94 for the chronic disease group and 5.15 ± 0.44 for the healthy group.The corresponding average visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were 78.15 ± 17.26 and 91.47 ± 4.37,showing significant differences.About 75％ of the elderly respondents reported no difficulties in their living.There was strong correlation between the EQ-VAS scores and the scores on all the EQ-5D scale dimensions.Conclusion The health-related quality of life reported by the rural elderly using this scale seems quite good.The EQ-5D scale,with the EQ-VAS scale as a part of it,is one useful and effective tool for evaluating the health-related quality of life of the elderly in rural areas.

Objective To improve the early diagnosis and prognosis factor of pancreatic carcinoma by summarizing and analyzing the clinical data. Methods The clinical data of 90 patients with pancreatic carcinoma of our hospital from 1989 to 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. Results The symptoms of pancreatic carcinoma were very complicated,the most common manifestations were bellyache,jaundice and weight loss. Main physical signs in these patients included abdominal tenderness,abdominal mass,hepatomegalia,gallbladder enlargement. Jaundice was the outstanding manifestation of pancreatic head cancer. Among all patients,16 cases accepted sugical resection(17.8%),and the 1-year,3-year,5-year survival rate were 22. 2%,11.1% and 2. 2% respectively. Our data showed that the most important prognostic factors which influenced life span were the surgical procedures,tumor size and location,histological differentiation,TNM stage. Conclusions Clinical manifestations of pancreatic carcinoma are related to TNM stage,tumor size and location,histology type,complication disease. Clinical symptoms only provide clue for diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Laboratory and imaging examination will provide objective evidence for further diagnosis and prognosis in pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective To explore clinical features of severe preeclampsia patients with adverse outcome, and the risk factors of adverse outcomes. Methods From Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2009 149 severepreeclampsia impatients who occurred adverse outcome enrolled as case,and 278 severe preeclampsia impatientswithout adverse outcome at the same period enrolled as control. The clinical features between the two groups were compared and the risk factors were investigated. Results No significant differences were found between the two groups in maternal age,times of previous prenancies. The gestation ages at the onset of preeclampsia and at delivery in the cases were less than controls(P ＜ 0. 05). There was significant difference in irregular antenatal checks between the two groups(x2 = 8. 515, P ＜ 0. 05). Proterinuria and the level of oedema in cases were higher than controls( P ＜ 0. 05). Fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurred more frequently in the cases (P ＜0. 05). Indirect bilirubin, total bilirubin, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, uric acid, creatinine, white blood cell, thrombin time, D-dimeride of cases were higher than those of controls(Ps ＜0. 05). Albumin, platelet and profibrin of cases were lower than those of controls(Ps ＜ 0. 05 ＝. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the gestation ages at the onset of preeclampsia, regular antenatal checks were significantly associated with adverse outcome(OR = 0. 899, P ＜ 0. 001; OR = 0. 600, P = 0. 022, respectively ＝Indirect bilirubin and D-dimeride were significantly associated with preeclampsia complications(OR = 1. 533,P =0. 010; OR = 1.001, P = 0. 003, respectively). Mean arterial pressure and creatinine were significantly associated with eyeground changes(respectively OR = 1. 030,P = 0. 048; OR = 1. 025, P = 0. 022, respectively).Regular antenatal checks was associated with dead fetus(OR = 0. 317, P = 0. 046). No significant differenceswere found between the two group in uterine-incision delivery(P ＞ 0. 05). Incidence rate of low birth weight infants and postpartum hemorrhage of cases were higher than controls and Apgar score was lower in cases than controls( all P ＜0. 05＝. Conclusion The gestation ages at the onset of preeclampsia,regular antenatal checks,fetal distress were risk factors for preeclampsia adverse outcome. Patients with.high indirect bilirubin and Ddimeride are more likely to suffer adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of new- utility anal vacuum tube in preventing anastomotic fistula after colorectal cancer anterior resection. Methods Ninety-six patients having underwent the colorectal cancer anterior resection were divided into new-utility anal vacuum tube group and normal anal vacuum tube group by random digits table method with 48 cases each. The complication, anus exhaust time and postoperative drainage volume were compared between 2 groups. Results The incidences of tube defluxion, proctalgia, anus skin damage, bed sheet pollution and anastomotic fistula in new-utility anal vacuum tube group were significantly lower than those in normal anal vacuum tube group: 6.25% (3/48) vs. 31.25% (15/48), 10.42% (5/48) vs. 41.67% (20/48), 0 vs. 25.00%(12/48), 6.25%(3/48) vs. 60.42%(29/48), 2.08%(1/48) vs. 12.50%(6/48), the anus exhaust time was significantly shorter than that in normal anal vacuum tube group:(44.1 ± 8.9) h vs. (48.9 ± 9.6) h, the postoperative drainage volumes form the first day to fifth day were significantly more than those in normal anal vacuum tube group: (31.2 ± 15.1) ml vs. (15.6 ± 8.2) ml, (25.3 ± 13.2) ml vs. (15.8 ± 6.5) ml, (15.6 ± 9.1) ml vs. (10.3 ± 4.5) ml, (104.3 ± 38.2) ml vs. (90.6 ± 12.3) ml and (93.7 ± 32.5) ml vs. (80.7 ± 18.9) ml, and there were statistical differences (P<0.01 or <0.05). The patients in new-utility anal vacuum tube group had different symptoms, but patients could tolerate. Conclusions The new-utility anal vacuum tube can reduce the incidence of anastomotic fistula, and be safe and reliable, which is worthy of wide application.

The fall risk was evaluated with Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (Chinese version) in 426 elderly hypertensive patients (hypertensive group) and 436 elderly people without hypertension (control group) from rural communities in Zhejiang Quzhou areas.The fall risk scores were compared between hypertensive group and control group ; and also between patients with history of falls and those without falls.The results showed that the average score was 8.62 ± 2.15 in hypertensive group and 9.35 ± 1.35 in control group (P ＜ 0.01).The average score was 6.94 ± 1.85 in hypertensive patients with history of falls (n =112) and 9.22 ± 1.42 in without history of falls (n =314) (P ＜0.01).Our study suggests that there is a higher fall risk in elderly hypertensive patients than in elderly people without hypertension; and fall risk assessment with Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (Chinese version) can be used for prediction of fall for the elderly people in rural community.

OBJECTIVE To understand the relevant factors of nosocomial infection of inpatients in order to provide the evidence for taking measures to prevent and control the infection effectively.METHODS A retrospective survey was carried out on 10059 cases of hospitalized patients during Jan and Dec of 2008.RESULTS The nosocomial infection rate of hospitalized patients in this period was 4.3%(437/10059).The high risk infected rates were respectively as follows:24.9% in the Blood Department,15.1 % in the Tumor Department;The infection site were respiratory tract(59.3%),urinary tract(14.3%);The main pathogens were Gram negative bacteria(40.7%),fungus infection(25.4%);The risk factors mainly were usage of antibiotic drugs(40.7%),and underlying diseases of tumor(16.2%).CONCLUSIONS The effective measures for reducing the incidence of nosocomial infection should be taken.More attention should be paid on the risk factors.

Objective To construct the prostate-specific double gene expression vector pIRESPSMAe/p-TK-Cx43 and establish the foundation for experimental prostate cancer gene therapy research. Methods Cx43 gene was amplified and cloned into pMD19-T Simple vector. HSV-TK gene was then synthesized and cloned into multiple clone site (MCS) A of the eukaryotie vector plRES. The new plasmid was named plRES-TK: PSMAe/p was obtained and cloned into plRES-TK by replacing CMV promoter. The new plasmid was named plRES-PSMAe/p-TK; Fourth, Cx43 gene was cloned into the MCS B of pIRES-PSMAe/p-TK and the new plasmid was named pIRES-PSMAe/p-TK-Cx43.This plasmid was identified by double digestion with Sal Ⅰ/Not Ⅰ and sequenced; Finally, LNCaP cells were transfected by the plasmid plRES-PSMAe/p-TK-Cx43 and the mRNAs expression of HSV-TK gene and Cx43 gene was tested by RT-PCR. Results The plasmids synthesized in this experiment were double digested respectively and the specific bands of the inserted genes were confirmed by RTPCR. plRES-PSMAe/p-TK-Cx43 was in line with the expected design by DNA sequencing. The mRNAs of TK gene and Cx43 gene were expressed and successfully confirmed by RT-PCR after LNCaP cells transfected with pIRES-PSMAe/p-TK-Cx43. Conclusion Double gene expression vector pIRES-PSMAe/p-TK-Cx43 containing HSV-TK gene and Cx43 gene is constructed successfully.

Objective To discover,diagnose and treat colorectal cancer in the early period and further improve the survival rate,reduce morbidity and mortality of the colorectal cancer by early screening for colorectal cancer in Jinjiang.Methods According to “The Guide of Cancer Screening and Early Diagnosis and Treatment in China by the Experts Group of Ministry of Health”,the case history was collected while the stool occult blood and FOBT were detected to discover high risk crowd who then inspected by electron enterscope.Results The screening was practiced in Xibin,Zimao and Neikeng town respectively.The crowd of 40-74 years old was 10 116 and 2631 of them accepted screening(acclimation rate,26％).Two hundred and fifty-seven high-risk people were discovered(9.8％ of 2631)and 86 of them(acclimation rate,33％,86/257)were inspected by electron enterscope.Twenty-two cases were detected with colorectal affection(detection rate,8.6％,22/257),20 cases were diagnosed as colorectal adenoma and 2 cases were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma by pathological section.All of them accepted therapy.Conclusion Carrying out early screening for colorectal cancer is important.It can reduce morbidity and mortality of the colorectal cancer and then improve the cure rate and prolong survival in patients with colorectal cancer.

Objective To evaluate the signal changes of the skull base after salvage surgury via endoscopic transnasal approach for local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Twenty patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiation failure underwent nasophargeryngectomy via an endoscopic transnasal approach were selected from April 2006 to December 2011,including 16 males and 4 females with 31 to 67 years old.Each patient had previously received irradiation and experienced recurrence after 8 to 83 months of completed irradiation.All patients underwent MRI no more than 2 weeks before the salvage surgery and were subjected to repeat MRI scans 2 weeks,3 months,6 months later and semi-annually thereafter,with the follow-up time of 6 to 45 months(median 18 months).A two-sided Chi-square test was used to compare the signal changes and the tendency of changes on all presurgical and postsurgical MR images.Results The MRI signal changes were detected at 92 sites of skull-base between 2 weeks and 3 months after the surgery,which was hypointense on T1 WI with moderate to marked contrast enhancement.In the follow-up period,the signal abnormalities at 36 sites of skull base had resolved or restored to the normal,and 34 sites remained stable,while in 22 sites,the MR signal changes became more obvious.The skull base bones adjacent to the region of the resection were more likely to show signal changes than nonadjacent areas (72 vs.20,x2 =33.128,P ＜0.01).The signal changes were more common on the ipsilateral skull base to the recurrent tumor in contrast to the contralateral skull base (68 vs 24,x2 =21.182,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The skull base signal changes after salvage surgury via endoscopic transnasal approach for local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma,and it occurs in specific location.Most of sites tend to resolve or be stable at the follow up.