OBJECTIVE:To introduce water processing treatment technology and equipment for hospital manufacturing laboratory.METHODS:According to the relevant standards recorded in China Pharmacopoeia and electric conductivity,water quality of purified water manufactured by3kinds of techniques were evaluated.The advantages and disadvantages of these techniques were compared with regard to the utilization of source water,convenience of operation,environmental pollution,and so on.RESULTS:Purified water manufactured by these3kinds of techniques all met the standards recorded in China Phar?macopoeia,best quality was obtained by the technique of combining ion exchange with first order reverse osmosis,the next in order is obtained through the combination of second order reverse osmosis with electrode ionization(EDI).The purified water could be distilled to be water for injection which meets the standard in China Pharmacopoeia.CONCLUSION:Combination of second order reverse osmosis with EDI is the optimal water processing technique considering quality of purified water,utiliza?tion of source water,convenience of operation,environmental pollution and so on.Multiple distillation technology is the main artwork to prepare water for injection.

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and clinical significance of CK19 mRNA, CEA mRNA and LUNX mRNA for detecting micrometastasis by sampling the peripheral blood and regional lymph nodes of lung cancer patients. Methods Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect LUNX mRNA,CK19 mRNA, CEA mRNA for micrometastasis by sampling the peripheral blood of 48 lung cancer patients and 44 regional lymph nodes of such patients treated by curative resection. Peripheral blood of 30 patients with pulmonary benign lesions and 10 normal healthy volunteers and lymph nodes of 6 patients with benign pulmonary diseases served as control. Results (1) LUNX mRNA, CK19 mRNA, CEA mRNA were expressed in all(35/35) lung cancer tissues. (2) In the peripheral blood from 48 lung cancer patients, 30(62.5%) were positive for LUNX mRNA, 24 (50.0% ) positive for CK19 mRNA and 32(66.7%) positive for CEA mRNA. The positive detection rates of micrometastasis in 44 lymph nodes from lung cancer patients were 36.4% (16 out of 44) for LUNX mRNA, 27.3%(12 out of 44) for CK19 mRNA and 40.9%(18 out of 44) for CEA mRNA. (3) In the 30 blood samples from patients with pulmonary benign diseases, 2 (6.7%) expressed CK19 mRNA, but none expressed LUNX mRNA or CEA mRNA. All the 3 molecular markers were negative in the 10 blood samples from healthy volunteers. In 11 lymph nodes from patients with pulmonary benign lesions, none was positive for any of the three markers.(4)In 44 regional lymph nodes from lung cancer patients,6(13.6%) were positive for metastasis by histopathological examination, with a positive rate significantly lower than that of the RT-PCR ( P

Objective To evaluate the relation between blood level of tacrolimus and AUC after renal transplantation. Methods Blood assay of FK506 was conducted at 0～12 h after oral administration,the study was carried out in 60 renal transplantation or pancreas kidney transplantation patients.AUC was computed according to the blood FK506 levels.Regression analysis was used to study the relation between AUC and Cx. Results The blood FK506 levels 0～12 h after renal transplantation were different from those after pancreas kidney transplantation.In renal transplantation patients,the correlation between C 2 and AUC ( r 2=0.89) has been better than C 0 and AUC ( r 2= 0.74 ).In some renal transplantation patients with hepatopathy and in some pancreas kidney transplantation patients,the corretation between C 2 and AUC ( r 2=0.91) has been similar to that of C 0 and AUC ( r 2=0.90). Conclusions The equation AUC=7?C 2 could be applied in renal transplantation patients free of hepatopathy whereas,in renal transplantation patients with hepatopathy and in pancreas kidney transplantation patients,it is better to assess C 1～4 in the early stage of FK506 administration and suitable equation selected to compute AUC.

Object　To determine the amount of acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. from different localities. Methods　By the use of HPLC. Results　The contents of acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside in Boju1, Chuju2, Gongju3 and Hangju4 were 0.082 6%～0.124 9%, 0.015 7% and 0.033 5% respectively; the contents of apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside in Chuju, Boju, Gongju and Hangju were 0.012 6%, 0.027 4%, 0.117 7% and 0.587 7% respectively. Conclusion　The contents of the two flavone glycoside in C. morifolium from different localities were markedly different.

BACKGROUND:Effects of different oxygen partial pressures on cytokine secretion of human adipose-derived stem cells have been differently reported. These differences may be caused by varying oxygen partial pressures.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of different oxygen partial pressures on cytokines secreted from human adipose-derived stem cells.
METHODS:Human adipose-derived stem cells were cultured in vitro and identified by its immunophenotype. Human adipose-derived stem cells were divided into five groups and cultured under different oxygen partial pressure conditions (1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 21%) for 24 hours, respectively. With quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, the secretion of cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, nerve growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor, from human adipose-derived stem cells were analyzed on the gene and protein levels.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Human adipose-derived stem cells were positive for CD71, CD73, CD90, CD105 and negative for CD34, CD45, CD54, HLA-DR. From the aspect of gene level, hypoxia (1%, 3%O 2 ) promoted the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and nerve growth factor from human adipose-derived stem cells (P<0.01), and significantly elevated the expression of hepatocyte growth factor (P<0.05);however, there was no significant influence on keratinocyte growth factor under hypoxia (P>0.05). Based on the protein level, protein secretion of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor from human adipose-derived stem cells was increased under hypoxia (P<0.01), but no changes occurred in nerve growth factor and keratinocyte growth factor. After cultured under hypoxic environment, human adipose-derived stem cells were promoted to express gene vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor and nerve growth factor, as wel as to secrete protein keratinocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor.

Objective To evaluate the value of international normalized ratio (INR) in predicting and diagnosing hemorrhagic events in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF)receiving wafarin, to determine the optimal cut-off value of INR for predicting hemorrhagic events by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. Methods The data of 231 patients with NVAF receiving wafarin were retrospectively analyzed, including 93 patients with hemorrhagic events and 138cases without hemorrhagic events as control group. The PT and INR were detected by Sysmex CA-500 with Medcalc software plotting ROC curve. Results The area under the ROC curve for INR was 0. 822 (95%CI: 0. 717-0. 900), the analysis of ROC curve revealed the optimal cut-off value of INR was 2.71, which presented a sensitivity of 77.40% and a specificity of 78.30%. Conclusions Through evaluation by ROC curve, the new cut-off value provides substantial improvement in sensitivity, with an acceptable loss of specificity. The value on predicting hemorrhagic events is better, the discriminative power of INR between hemorrhagic events and nonhemorrhagic events is satisfactory. The cut-off value of INR can guide the clinical physicians to predict the risks of hemorrhagic and promote proper use of clinical medications.

Objective To establish hyperoxia retinopathy in premature rat model with SpragueDawley (SD),observe the pathological changes of angiogenesis and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),and compare the effect of bevacizumab periocular injection and intravitreal injection of retinopathy of premature rats.Methods Ninety preterm rat retinopathy models were randomly divided into 3 groups:high oxygen group,retrobalbar injection group,and vitreous cavity group (n =30 per group);36 healthy rats were chosen as the normal control group.Each group were randomly selected 10 rats 'right eyes to make retinal flat mount to observe the right eye retina vascular morphology;10 resections of right eyes were embedded in paraffin,and stained with hematoxylin eosin (HE);the number of right eye of retinal neovascularization was observed;the right eye RNA was extracted,and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of VEGF.Results The normal group showed retinal vessels were around a reflection of distribution,good branch,shape rules,and clear structure.Intravitreous neovascularization occurred in the high oxygen group and peribulbar injection group.Retinal vascular endothelial cells in the high oxygen group were increased significantly compared to the normal group (P ＜ 0.05).The visible clusters of red blood cells in the periocular injection group and vitreous group were decreased compared to the high oxygen group (P ＜ 0.05),but no significant difference between the periocular injection group and vitreous group (P ＞ 0.05).The expressions of VEGF mRNA and HE staining had a consistent trend.Conclusions Bevacizumab inhibited the expression of VEGF that was increased in premature rats in hyperoxia retinopathy.The effects of bevacizumab periocular injection and intravitreal injection were similar,but the former was more secure than the latter.

Objective:To observe the effect of breastfeeding on the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods:A retrospective clinical study. From June 2017 to December 2019, 1256 eyes of 628 premature infants who were born in Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital and were screened for ROP were included in the study. Among them, there were in 325 males (650 eyes) and 303 females (606 eyes). According to the feeding situation, premature infants were divided into breastfeeding (research) group and formula feeding (control) group, with 390 cases of 780 eyes and 238 cases of 476 eyes, respectively. The changes in the retina of the fundus of the two groups of premature infants during the observation period were compared. The qualitative data comparison between groups was performed by the χ2 test; the quantitative data comparison was performed by the two independent sample t test. Results:The sex ratio of premature infants in the study group and control group ( χ2=0.217), birth weight ( t=0.728), gestational age at birth ( t=0.351), Apgar score at birth ( t=0.816), oxygen inhalation time ( t=0.427), were compared with the length of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit ( t=1.580), the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Among the 390 cases in the study group, 108 cases (27.7%, 108/390) and 282 cases (72.3%, 282/390) were with or without ROP, respectively; in the 238 cases in the control group, 86 (36.1%, 86/238) were with ROP, 152 (63.9%, 152/238) cases were without ROP. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of ROP between the two groups ( χ2=4.934, P=0.026). Among the 108 cases of ROP in the study group, 50 (12.8%, 50/108), 35 (9.0%, 35/108), 23 (5.9%, 23/108) cases were in stage 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Among the 86 ROP cases in the control group, stages 1, 2 and 3 were 25 (10.5%, 25/86), 40 (16.8%, 40/86), and 21 (8.8%, 21/86), respectively. In the comparison of ROP staging between the two groups, the difference in stage 1 was not statistically significant ( χ2=0.754, P>0.05), and the difference in stage 2 and above was statistically significant ( χ2=11.400, P<0.05). Conclusion:Breastfeeding may reduce the incidence and severity of ROP.

Aim To investigate the preventive effect of nicotinylsalicylic acid(NSA) on experimental atherosclerosis in high cholesterol-fed quails. Methods Ninety one male quails were randomly divided into six groups:groupⅠ,normal control;groupⅡ,model control;group Ⅲ, NSA 150 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1); group Ⅳ, NSA 300 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1); groupⅤ, the nicotinic acid 75 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) and the acetylsalicylic acid 75 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1); groupⅥ, the nicotinic acid 150 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1). The levels of TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C and MDA in serum were measured with biochemical method(0,4,8 wks). All of the quails were killed after 8 wks. Variables observed included aorta pathologic changed, TC and TG contents and the heart pathologic changes. Results The experimental data indicated that the high cholesterol-feeding increased the level of TC,TG,LDL-C and MDA,decreased the level of HDL-C in serum, aortic wall have obvious atherosclerosis. Data of the study demonstrated that the level of TC,TG,LDL-C and MDA were decreased,the level of HDL-C were increased by NSA in the high cholesterol-fed quails,aortic wall TC,TG were decreased by NSA,and atherosclerosis was regressed in aortic wall. Conclusion NSA has preventive effect on the experimental atherosclerosis among the high cholesterol-fed quails.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) can promote the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer through various mechanisms.The expressions of MMP-9 in the patients with breast cancer are correlated with the prognosis.The higher expression of MMP-9 indicates poorer prognosis.It is suggested that the level change of MMP-9 pre and post treatment can be used as a reference standard for judging the prognosis and clinical effect.