The aim of this study to assess dental caries status and some growth indices among preschool children of Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia. The study population consisted of 499 preschool children aged 3-5 years old randomly selected from 6 kindergartens of Ulaanbaatar city. The all children were examined oral examination and body weight and height by anthropometric methods. 1. The caries prevalence of all preschool children was 92.9%. The mean dmft and dmfs score were 8.2±4.8 and 11.7±8.6 of all children, 8.4±4.6 and 12.9±9.1 of 5 years old, 7.8±5.4 and 10.9±9.1 of 4 years old, 8.4±4.7 and 11.3±7.7 of 3 years old, respectively (p<0.01).2. The average body weight and height were 15.8±2.2 кg and 97.7±5.8 cm of 3 years old, 17.2±1.8 kg and 103.4±4.7 cm of 4 years old, 18.5±2.3 kg and 108.1±5.5 cm of 5 years old, respectively (p<0.001).The dental caries prevalence and mean dmft score among preschool children of Ulaanbaatar city were “VERY HIGH” stage, which is determined by criteria WHO. The body height and weight of preschool children of Ulaanbaatar city are increasing year by year. There is not observed significantly the relationship between dental caries status and body growth indices

Introduction. In our country dental caries and its complication are very widespread, following more clinical and economical difficult. Dental caries is multifactor infectious disease and its one of the most principal causative agents is acid attack, producing by cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque. If we have to detect the risk group early, we can prevent dental caries and treat in lightly form. In press review, there are a lot of microbiological and colorimetric tests, determining caries activity and identifying caries condition previously (J.Tsubouchi, Ts.Shimono et all., 1995: B.Oyuntsetseg, Y.Okazaki et al., 2004). Since 2005, The improving oral health condition of schoolchildren project invented by Taiwan Dental Association is going in 6 secondary schools of country town. Therefore 6 dentists are working in schools by prevention. There is no research work concerning the comparison the caries activity of pupils of secondary schools. The aims of this study were to compare a caries activity of pupils of secondary schools. Method: The study subjects consisted of 75 pupils and the study carried out in 2007. A dental examination was done using by mouth mirror and explorer under natural light. Before and after the lunch, for each pupil plaque was collected by swabbing from the buccal surfaces of the maxillary teeth using a sterile cotton swab. Each plaque sample was put into the Cariostat medium (21 test, Morita Co., Japan) and incubated at 37 C for 48 hours. After incubation the colorimetric changes were classified into seven grades using the original four grade standard color sample. Then, the pupils were grouped by Cariostat score as low risk (CAT 0-1.5) and high risk (CAT 2.0-3.0). Results: 1. The caries prevalence and deft score of pupils of 76th school were 84.2% and 3.590.31, but 67th school 73.2% and 3.000.31, respectively (p=0.01). 2. As assessed using CAT21 test, for the 76th schools 36.1% of pupils had high risk and 63.9% low risk before lunch, but after lunch 52.8% of pupils had high risk and 47.2% low risk. However, 67th schools 35% high, 65% low, 40% high and 60% low risk, respectively (p=0.01) (p=0.05). Discussion: 1. We carried out this study on two secondary schools with same life style. The caries prevalence and deft score of pupils 67th school were lower than 76th, so that general dentist had always working by preventive purpose for last three years. 2. That plaque pH results showed more stability in 67th school than 76th, may be pupils of 67th started toothbrushing after lunch. Conclusions: This study results showed caries activity of pupils of 76th schools higher than 67th. So that to have a dentist at the secondary schools very important.

The aim of this study to assess relationship between the dental caries status and growth indices among 3-year-old children of Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia. The caries prevalence and mean dmft, dmfs score of all children were 94.3% and 8.3±4.8, 11.1±8.6 (p<0.01). The percent of high caries activity children of central kindergarten was higher than peripheral by 25,2% (p<0.01) and of high buffer capacity children was lower by 21,9%, respectively (p>0.05). Children with high salivary flow rate were 3.2% in central kindergarten and 0% in peripheral. The mean±SD of body weight (p<0.05) and height (p>0.05) of boys were 15.2±2.2kg and 97.0±6.0cm, of gils 15.9±1.9kg and 97.6±5.8cm, of caries free children 15.9±1.5kg аnd 97.0±5.4cm, and of children with caries 15.6±2.1kg and 97.4±5.4cm (p>0.05), respectively. Children of peripheral kindergarten were lower by 1,4kg and 3.4cm than central (p<0.001). There were the weak and negative correlation between dental caries and growth indices among 3-year-old children of Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia.

Oral health is an essential component of health throughout life. However, millions of individuals suffer from dental caries and periodontal disease, resulting in unnecessary pain, difficulty in chewing, swallowing and speaking, and increased medical costs. WDF and WHO were noticed that more than 200 diseases caused by the dental caries. Oral and dental health can be influenced by oral hygiene as well as dietary, biological and demographic factors, dental caries continue to affect a considerable proportion of young children in developing countries like Mongolia. Moreover, the distribution of disease levels shows an increasing polarization in urban areas of Mongolia, and a increase in dental caries scores has been noticed. In Mongolia, Oral health study results show that dramatic increase of caries among children as well as complications in adults in urban and rural areas of the country. Therefore we need the standard oral health survey, according to the recommendation by WHO, 2015. The aim of this study is to assess the oral health status in Mongolia. The objectives of this study were to determine the dental caries status, the periodontal status (gingivititis and dental calculus), the dental intervention urgency and the removable denture status of all study populations. The studied population comprised of 1754 subjects who were selected from 4 age groups and from 11 regions of Mongolia. We collected data about dentition status, gingival health, dental calculus, dental intervention urgency and denture status and compared to urban and rural regions. The prevalence of dental caries was 93.2% among all subjects in urban and 86.4% in rural. The mean dmft among 5 year olds were 6.4±4.5(Mean±SD) in urban and 4.3±4.2 in rural; among 12 year olds 2.6±2.1 and 2.3±2.1; 35-44 year olds 9.7±5.0 and 9.4±5.5; and among 65-74 year olds 21.7±7.2 and 18.9±8.9, by respectively (p<.000). The prevalence of gingivitis among all subjects was 22.8% in urban and 13.4% in rural (p<.000); and of dental calculus 19.1% and 24.6% (p<.000), respectively above groups. The status of intervention urgency among all subjects was30.6% of urban and 29.0% ofrural in the prompt treatment and 2.4% and7.0% in immediate treatment recommended (p<.000). The percent of people with removable denture among 65-74 year olds was higher than among 35-44 year olds (p<.000). The prevalence of dental caries and its complications were in the high level in Mongolia, so that most of elderly people had not own natural teeth. We are considered that we have to carry out preventive projects all over the Mongolia by the government supporting.

Dental caries is prevent problem, not only Mongolia, but also world wide. According to World Health Organization’s report in 1976 the mean DMFT of 12 years old of Mongolian children was 1.48 and in 1990 was 2.6. According to Mongolian research studies, the prevalence of caries and mean DMFT children within the age range of 3-17 years old was 79.2% and 3.88 and in 3-5 years old children were 4.9 correspondingly. Several investigators have reported increasing caries rate among Mongolian children, especially those living in cities. The aim of this study to access dental caries status among preschool, children of Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia.The study covered 294 preschool children who were 3 - 5 years randomly selected from 2 kindergartens of Ulaanbaatar city. Design: Cross – sectional study, oral epidemiological survey based on World Нealth Organization methodology clinical examination.The caries prevalence of all preschool children was 85%. The caries prevalence in 3 years old children was 75.6%, in 4 years old, it was 85.78% in 5 years old, it was 93.8%. The caries prevalence was high among 5 years old children. The mean dmft score was 6.2±0.2 all children.Only 15% of the children were caries free. The caries prevalence of the preschool children was 85%, and the mean dmft (decayed, missing, filled tooth) were 6.2±0.2. The dental caries prevalence and mean dmft score among preschool children of Ulaanbaatar city were “VERY HIGH” stage which is determined by criteria World Health Organization.

The most common oral disease is the dental caries, which is chronic transmissible, losing of hard tissue of teeth, and is very widespread in the world. The annual report of oral health survey of World Health Organization shows that 60-90% of population of developing countries was affected by dental caries. In the press review, the prevalence of dental caries and mean DMFt score among 18 years old were 74.4% and 4.04 in Mexico, 2009; 87.4% and 3.59 in Australia, 2003; and 88.9% and 7.15 in Japan, 1999. In Mongolia, the prevalence of dental caries and mean DMFt score among military students in 1987 were 83.3% and 3.7. There is a few studies among students of School of dentistry. Study population consisted of 115 students, who studied from 3rd to 5th course of School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences. Study was done by cross sectional study design from November to December, 2017. We checked up dental status of all students according to recommendation by WHO, 2013. The study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee of the Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences and informed consent was obtained from all students (2017/3-04). The prevalence of dental caries among all students was 100% and mean dental caries score was 8.3±0.3 DMF/t, 3.7±0.3 D/t, 3.8±0.3 F/t, 0.8±0.1 M/t. When we assessed mean DMF/t score by student’s course, it was 8.5±0.5 among 3rd year students, 8.6±0.7 among 4th year and 7.9±0.5 among 5th year (p>0.05). Mean decayed teeth among 3rd, 4th, 5th course students were 4.5±0.5, 4.1±0.6 and 2.8±0.4, respectively (p<0.05). Mean filled teeth was 3.4±0.5, 3.5±0.6, 4.4±0.4 (p>0.05) and missed teeth was 0.7±0.2, 1.0±0.3, 0.7±0.2 (p>0.05) among students respectively above courses. All students, who participated in our study had dental caries and observed declining the number of decayed teeth during the study and the number of filled teeth was increasing.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, restricted patterns of behavior, and unusual sensory sensitivities. Symptoms of autism occur in some infants, while some children are diagnosed in 2-3 years. There was a direct and indirect relationship between the dental caries and the physical growth among children. The study purpose was to determine the oral health and the body growth status among children with Autism spectrum disorder. Methods: The study population consisted of 53 children, who were diagnosed as “ASD” and approved by psychiatrist between the age of 3-18. The dental examination was done under recommendation by WHO (2013) and oral hygiene index was calculated by FedorovVolodkina (1973). Body growth status was evaluated by Kaup and Rohrer’s index. The results of the study were processed using statistical Stata-21 software. Results: The prevalence of dental caries among all children with Autism spectrum disorder was 88.6% and mean DMFT score were 2.6±3.0 in the primary dentition, 6.1±3.8 in the mixed and 4.0±2.3 in the permanent dentition. Children with good oral hygiene index were 32% of all study population and poor were 68%. When we assessed the body growth status, normal weight children were 52.8%, overweight children were 18.9% and lower weight was 28.3% of all study poptulation. Conclusion We have found that the oral health and the body growth status among children with ASD were poor.

Middle aortic coarctation (MAC), a variantof middle aortic syndrome, is a rare entity withonly ~200 cases described in the literature.It classically presents with early onset andrefractory hypertension, abdominal angina,and lower extremity claudication(1).A 30 years-old woman, Her systolic bloodpressure measures 180-200mm Hg and diastolicpressures measure 70mm Hg in both arms,lower extremity pressures are approximately70mm Hg. Her bilateral femoral pulses andpedal pulses are nonpalpable, but present onDoppler exam and CT-Angiography.We prepared diagnostic of CT-Angiographyand Aortography before operation. Wesuccessful operated abdominal aorticcoarctation by “Silver graft” Aortoaortic bypasson the middle aortic, left nephrectomy.She was discharged home on postoperativeday 7. Post operation is good. We werecontrolled CT-Angiography.