BACKGROUND. Hearing loss is likely to be the most common congenital abnormality in newborns, with a reported prevalence of 1 to 2 per 1000 live births. It is vitally important to diagnose infant hearing loss or deafness at its early stages. Early detection and intervention is critical to prevent the adverse consequences of a delayed diagnosis on speech, language and cognitive development. Universal screening of hearing loss has been introduced in practice with distortion product of otoacoustic emission (DPOAE). The automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) screener is a dedicated hearing screening device which provides information not only about the outer and middle ear and cochlea but also about the auditory pathway up to the brainstem. METHODS. The study was descriptive and based on a retrospective analysis of the two year period databases (2014-2016) from the newborn hearing screening program. We have started the hearing screening from December 2012. Between 2014 to 2017 we have been screened total of 11218 newborns. We tested automated audiotory brainstem response of the newborns in their 1- 3 days of birth, using Maico MB11 Beraphone machine (German) according to the Joint Committee on Hearing Screening guidence. We assessed the test result of “pass” as “normal hearing, “refer” as to rescreen and tested again after 1 month. Infants referred again were gone to a specialist for further audio logic analysis (behavioral tests, auditory brainstem response, otoacoustic emissions and auditory steady state response). RESULTS. Our study was the first in Mongolia. Total of 10290 newborns passed bilaterally out of 11218 and 1323 referred in the first screening. For the rescreen test, 1088 out of 1134 infants resulted with “pass” and 46 infants with “refer”. For those infants, we did ABR test in their 3 and 6 months, and result of 9 children (18 ears) have bilateral profound hearing loss, 2 children (2 ears) have bilateral mixed profound hearing loss and 13 (26 ears) have bilateral profound conductive hearing loss. Coverage rate was 34,7%. First refer rate was 11,7%. Follow rate was 39,7%. We conducted the cochlear implantation surgery for 2 children out of 11. Currently, we are preparing other infants with bilateral profound hearing loss of 0-3 years old for the follow up CI surgery. CONCLUSION. In Mongolia, the data of infant hearing difficulties and prevalence of deafness is lacking. Although newborn hearing screening program has been approved in 2014 and brought opportunities to conduct universal neonatal hearing screening program. But at the moment, its only available at NCMCH which located in Ulaanbaatar city. 11 cases have a bilateral profound hearing loss out of 11218 newborns. Our study result shows similiar pattern (1.1 - 1.3 ear deafness in every 1000 birth. Lenarz et all.2008). Automated audiotory brainstem response was efficient in early identification of newborn hearing loss with high sensitivity and specification rates. Small population in the remote locations, high birth percentage, short period in the hospital after birth, lack of technology and human resources, and other factors result in higher level of referral rate newborn hearing screening and lower level of follow up and confirmation rate referals in Mongolia.

The oral hygiene is not relatively good cause of smoking, ignoring oral hygiene, not having enough self-care skills and independent living in case mental illness. Their grinding the teeth, serotonin decreases when the people are depressed and then it makes the carbohydrates increases, loses the sense of taste. Therefore they use a lot of sweet, the salivary output decreases, increase in the number of lactobacili and then it makes the cause ofabnormal disease detections including tooth decay, trigeminus neural pain in temporomandibular joint /TMJ/, oral yeast infection, oral bad breath, burning sensation of the tongue, chronic facial pain. Also the oral can disease detects from drug causes like using the anti-depression drugs for at least 6 months.Using analytical research permanent design, I got 55 patients to take part in the survey who are staying in 5th flat , National Clinic of Mental Health from 22nd of September 2014 until 26th of September. When I do the research for history of their patients: among the diagnosis of 16 people disorder depressed, the 13 patients agreed to have a preventive examination voluntary, one of them declined to do it. I use many methods of researching like questionnaire methods interview method, prevention oforal cavity and clinical examinations, respectively Study shows that curriculum contents of School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences have comparatively less contents of understanding about healthy person, assessment on human, giving advice healthy human, path anatomy, physiology, communication skills.The most of the survey participant patients have holes in their teeth, gum inflammation, and tongue stress disorder. It shows that it decreased to pay attention on their oral hygiene associated with symptoms and it effects directly related to the decrease in salivary output.Depressed People are so bad at paying attention to their oral hygiene habits.

Background: Headache disorders are most prevalent public-health problem. Worldwide, among the adults 46% suffer from primary headache, where the migraine presents 11% and tension type headache (TTH) presents 25%. Recently, one type of the primary headache, medication overuse headache tends to increase. Nowadays, there is no sufficient study about primary headache in Mongolia. So that, it is necessary to investigate prevalence, clinical type and risk factors of the primary headache. Purpose: To study prevalence and risk factors of primary headache in Mongolia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from June to November of 2017. Participants aged 18-65 years old were randomly selected from four provinces and three districts of Ulaanbaatar city. The diagnosis of headache was made using the International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 beta. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS-23 program. Results: A total of 2043 participants (812 men and 1231 women) were reviewed. The participant’s average age was 38.6±13.4years. 1350 (66.1%) participants reported recurrent headache within the last 1 year. Of the total study population, the prevalence rate of primary headache was 1305 (63.9%). Number of people who suffered from migraine was 494 (24.2%), significantly greater in female than male participants (p=0.0001), with most frequent attacks at age 26-45 years. The risk of migraine associated with sex, education and family history (p=0.001). 592 (29.0%) of participants had TTH, mean age of them was 37.7±5.24, significant high rate in female than men, risk of TTH depends on education and job. The medication overuse headache was diagnosed at 116 (5.7%), 29.4% in men and 70.5% in women with average of 45.6±11.4 and 43±12.7 respectively. Among the participants 38.6% used medications, 28% people had one drug, 8.5% two drugs and 2% used three or more drugs. Use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) made up major percent in headache patients. Increased frequency of medication and multidrug affected to medication overuse headache (p=0.008). Conclusion More than half of studied population had primary headache. Migraine was in 24.2%, TTH in 29.0% of people, and associated with sex, education and family history. Use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs made up major percent in headache patients.

Background: The career and work of medical workers are considered to be the occupation of the highly responsible job of the worldwide. Goal: To identify the percentage of the work-related stress, the burnout, and the symptoms of work-related stress of the physicians and nurses who is working at the critical and intensive care units of UB hospitals. Materials and methodology: The survey was done by quantitative methods and cross sectional design. The study data was collected using the validated questionnaire for the work related stress. The results of the study were analyzed by the Microsoft Excel and SPSS 20 program. Results The response rate was 97.3% The study found that 78.7% of respondents reported having regular stress; and 89.4% of all participants in the survey had a personal burnout, 90.4% had work-related burnout and 94.5% had a high level of client-related burnout.
Physical symptoms include the insomnia 76.7%; psychological symptoms - the headaches 65%; behavioral symptoms as like forgetfulness and annoyance 53.3%; cognitive symptoms as like an increase in sick days or absenteeism by 40% for all physicians and nurses.