0. 05), TAE of flexors in patients were lower than those in the healthysubjects(P 0. 05 ). F/E in patients were greater than those in healthy subjects(P

Objective To investigate the effect of sevoflurane preconditioning on lung injury induced by limb ischemia-reperfusion in rats and the relationship with endoplasmic reticulum stress.Methods Forty-five healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-8 weeks,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n =15 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),limb ischemia-reperfusion group (group LIR),and sevoflurane preconditioning group (group SP).Limb ischemia-reperfusion was induced by clamping bilateral femoral arteries for 3 h followed by 3 h reperfusion in LIR and SP groups.In group SP,2.5％ sevoflurane was inhaled for 30 min,and 15 min later the model was established.Before ischemia and at 3 h of reperfusion (at the corresponding time point in group S),arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis,and arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) were recorded.The rats were sacrificed at 3 h of reperfusion,and lung specimens were obtained for determination of wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio) and total lung water content (TLW) and for microscopic examination of the pathological changes,and index of quantitative evaluation for alveolar damage (IQA) was calculated.The expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) protein and mRNA in lung tissues was detected by Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction,respectively.Results Compared to group S,the PaO2was significantly decreased at 3 h of reperfusion,the W/D ratio,TLW and IQA were significantly increased,the expression of GRP78 and CHOP protein and mRNA was significantly up-regulated (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in PaCO2 in group LIR (P＞0.05).Compared to group LIR,the PaO2 was significantly increased at 3 h of reperfusion,the W/D ratio,TLW and IQA were significantly decreased,the expression of GRP78 and CHOP protein and mRNA was significantly down-regulated (P＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in PaCO2 in group SP (P＞0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane preconditioning can ameliorate lung injury induced by limb ischemia-reperfusion in the rats,and the mechanism is related to inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To research the risk factors of youth carotid artery thrombosis,to provide some basis for its clinical prevention and treatment.Methods Twenty-three patients of youth carotid artery thrombosis (experimental group),40 patients without youth carotid artery thrombosis (control group) were selected,and we collected the data including age,sex,body mass index,smoking,drinking history,hypertension,neck trauma,C reactive protein,total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL-C,HDL-C,uric acid,syphilis antibody,HIV antibody,then we did statistical analysis.Results The basic situation of the two groups:there were statistical differences in sex and BMI (P ＜0.05);past medical history and personal history of patients in two groups:diabetes,high blood pressure,smoking,drinking,history of neck injury,syphilis antibody had statistical differences (P＜0.05);biochemical indicators of two groups of patients:there were statistical differences in HDL and uric acid (P＜0.05);multi factor analysis:risk factors were hypertension (0R=6.43),smoking (OR=4.63) and neck injury history (OR=3.13).Conclusions The risk factors of youth carotid artery thrombosis are hypertension,smoking,neck injury history,the prevention and cure of hypertension,smoking and neck injury should be strengthened,so as to reduce the incidence of carotid artery thrombosis.

AIM: To explore the feasibility of bone tissue regeneration guidance with the frozen heterogeneous periosteum. METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the animal laboratory of Beijing Shijitan Hospital from March to December 2002. ①Preparation of the frozen heterogeneous periosteum: The fresh pigs' cranial or rib bone periosteum was taken and washed with saline solution repeatedly, then defatted by immersion in 0.75 volume fraction alcohol, followed by frozen in the liquor of nitrogen for 10 minutes repeatedly for 3 times. After irradiated under ?-ray up to the amount of 3 kGy, the created membrane was placed in refrigerator for using. ②Surgical procedure: Two artificial mandibular bone defects were performed in 30 adult Japanese white big ear rabbits. One defect was covered with the created membrane as the experimental group, while another as the control group. ③Index observation: The rabbits were sacrificed after 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 weeks postoperatively for macroscopic, radiographic and histopathological observation. RESULTS: All 30 rabbits were involved in the result analysis. ①Macroscopic examination of the two groups: At the eighth week, guiding membrane was observed with irregular border. The experiment group was flat and stiff, while the control group was restored but with soft bone; at the twelfth week, the guiding membrane and surrounding border were unclear, but still could be observed. The newly bone of the experiment group was flat and stiff, while the control group was soft with hollow. ②Histopathological examination: At the eighth week, the new-formed bone in the margin of defect area of the experimental group grew intensively and the inflammatory cells in grafted membrane disappeared; intramembrane fiber was found oedema and broken; at the twelfth week, the trabecular bone of the experimental group was thick and arranged regularly. However, in the control group, the newly formed bone was little in the defect, and the trabecular bone was thinner compared with the experimental group. No evidence of inflammatory reactions was apparent, meanwhile the membrane degraded gradually. ③Radiograph examination: The bone density of the experimental group was greater than the control group at 4 and 8 weeks, and had no significant difference as to the vicinity bone at 12 and 16 weeks; on the other hand, the density of the control group was still lower. CONCLUSION: The frozen heterogeneous periosteum is a useful guiding membrane material for tissue regeneration, because it has no obvious rejection action in body, and could maintain its shape for 8-12 weeks, prevent the fiber tissue from growing into the wound surface, separate different cells and guide tissue regeneration.

Purpose　To investigate whether thoracotomy can induce lung injury in the operative side and the protection by ambroxol in this procedure.　Methods　24 patients with esophageal carcinoma who were performed esophagectomy with anastomosis over the arcus aortae were randomized into 2 groups:an ambroxol group (ambroxol 1 g iv gtt qd×3,preoperatively) and a controlled group without any respiratory medication.General anesthesia by tracheo-cannula combined with continuous epidual anesthesia were used in all the patients.Bilateral broncho-alveolar lavage(BAL) was carried out after intubation preoperatively and before removal of the cannula postoperatively.Total Phospholipid(TPL),Saturated Phosphaytidylcholine(SatPC) and Total protein(TP) in the BALF were measured.The ratio of SatPC/TPL and SatPC/TP represented the activity of PS.　Results　In the controlled group,SatPC/TPL and SatPC/TP of the left lung(operation side) showed significant difference(P<0.05),compared with the right side(non-operation side).In the ambroxol group,no significant difference of such ratio was showed.　Conclusions　Thoracotomy can induce lung injury and bring out the decrease of PS and increase of protein exudation in the operative side.Large dose of ambroxol can promote in synthesize and secretion of PS and protect those changes.

Objective To compare the botanical characters, yield, and active components in flowers of seven various cultivars from Chrysanthemum morifolium in planting base in Sheyang County, Northern Jiangsu Province and provide the theoretical and practical basis for plangting and expanding reproduction of improved cultivars of C. morifolium. Methods Based on the field experiment, comparison, and analysis of the botanical characters, yield, and active components (total flavonoid and chlorogenic acid) in flowers of the seven cultivars from C. morifolium, such as “Hongxinbaiju”, “Changbanbaiju”, and “Hubaiju” etc. Results The botanical characters of flowers are vary different among the seven cultivars from medicinal C. morifolium in the planting base; the amount of single capitulum is the main factor influencing on the yield of C. morifolium, the yield of “Hongxinbaiju” is the highest; the contents of total flavonoid and chlorogenic acid of “Changbanbaiju” are the highest in the seven cultivars. Conclusion From all the aspects, in the planting base of Northern Jiangsu Province, “Hongxinbaiju” and “Changbanbaiju” can be extended as major cultivars with good characters of superior quality and high yield, “Hubaiju” and “Huangjuhua” also can be cultivated at present.

Objective To study the effects of exogenous hormones,gibberellin(GA3)and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),on growth and tanshinones accumulation in the radix of Salvia miltiorrhiza.MethodsThe herb characters and contents of tanshinones(cryptotanshinone,tanshinone Ⅰ,and tanshinone ⅡA)in the radix of S.miltiorrhiza with different hormone treatments were investigated and compared in the combination of trail pot and indoor analysis.Results It promoted aboveground biomass in the radix of S.miltiorrhiza increasing with single GA3.But it inhibited underground biomass increasing.The exogenous addition of low-level and high-level GA3 was benefit for tanshinones accumulation,whereas the middle-level GA3 wasn't.The aboveground and underground biomass in the radix of S.miltiorrhiza increased indistinctively with the increasing of IAA concentration and then decreased.And the IAA solutions also increased plant height and root length indistinctively.in a whole,it was benefit for tanshinones accumulation when applying low-level IAA(0.5 mg/L)singly.With the increasing of IAA concentration,the content of cryptotanshinone increased,but the contents of tanshinone Ⅰ and tanshinone ⅡA decreased.It promoted S.miltiorrhiza radix growth and three tanshinones contents increasing obviously with the combined application of two low-level hormones.Conclusion The applying of GA3 and IAA is benefit for the growth and three tanshinones accumulation in the radix of S.miltiorrhiza.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of combination of thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) and enhanced flow (e-Flow) in the qualitative diagnosis of thyroid nodules; and to compare the diagnostic efficiency between e-Flow and color doppler flow imaging (CDFI. METHOD: The study chose 133 patients with 179 nodules (127 benign, 52 malignant nodules) who had per-operative ultrasound examination of their thyroid using grey-scale ultrasound, CDFI, e-Flow, and their noudles were graded by TI-RADS. Then the ultrasound diagnostic value were compared with their surgical pathology results by TI-RADS; TI-RADS and CDFI; TI-RADS and e-Flow, and diagnostic efficiency between e-Flow and CDFI were compared. RESULT: The results revealed that combination of TI-RADS and e-Flow had a higher sensitivity (94.23%, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between TI-RADS and the combination of TI-RADS and CDFI. Likewise, there was no significant difference between the combination of TI-RADS and e-Flow and the combination of TI-RADS and CDFI. The e-Flow showed a higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy compare to the CDFI. CONCLUSION Combining e-Flow and TI-RADS could improve the sensitivity in qualitative diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Also, e-Flow has a better diagnostic efficiency of thyroid nodules.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thyroid Nodule ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVE: To determine if greater efficacy could be achieved with the intranasal antihistamine azelastine and the intranasal corticosteroid fluticasone propionate used concurrently in the treatment of nasal obstruction of persistent non-allergic rhinitis. METHOD: A total of 162 persistent non-allergic rhinitis cases with moderate to severe nasal obstruction were randomized to treatment with the following: the combination therapy or nasal corticosteroids monotherapy. Efficacy was assessed by change from baseline in nasal obstruction score at week 2 and week 6 visits. The perceptions of global treatment satisfaction(convenience, side effects, cost and effectiveness) in both groups were analyzed. RESULT: In both groups, the nasal obstruction score assessment descended significantly at week 2 and week 6 visits versus at baseline (all P < 0.01). At week 2 and week 6 visits, the nasal obstruction score in the combination therapy groups were significantly improved than that in nasal corticosteroids monotherapy groups (all P < 0.01). The perceptions of global treatment satisfaction in the combination therapy groups were significantly better (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Azelastine nasal spray and intranasal corticosteroid in combination may provide a substantial therapeutic benefit for patients with persistent non-allergic rhinitis, especially nasal obstruction. The combination therapy was well tolerated and safety.
Administration, Intranasal ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Histamine H1 Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Nasal Obstruction ; Phthalazines ; therapeutic use ; Rhinitis ; drug therapy