BACKGROUND:In vitro experiment has shown that the survival time of conventional chemical induction-induced neuron-like cells differentiated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)was short,which limited its further application.With regard to the possibility of extension of iodine-induced neuron-like cells,the survival time has not yet been professionally reported.OBJECTIVE:To research the effects of the micro-element iodine on the survival time of neuron-like cells differentiated by BMSCs.METHODS:Rat mesenchymal stem cells at passage 3 were obtained under sterile condition,and divided into groups A-F.In group A,iodine ion was not added.In groups B-F,iodine ion at mass concentrations of 2,55,90,125 and 2 500 mg/L was added respectively.An additional blank control group was established,and simultaneously the cells were induced into neuron-like cells with dimethyl sulphoxide(DMSO).Cells following induction were subjected to immunohistochemistry.Survival time of neuron-like cells was observed under different mass concentrations of iodine ion.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:When mass concentrations of iodine ion were between 55-125 mg/L,the survival time of neuron-like cells prolonged to about 5 days and structures of induced cells were intact.From then on,the number of dead cells was gradually increased till approximately one week,all neuron-like cells died.When mass concentrations of iodine ion were 2 mg/L and 2 500 mg/L,cell survival time was from 12-36 hours.No significant difference was determined compared with group A.Till 2 or 3 days,all neuron-like cells died.Above-described results indicated that an appropriated concentration of iodine iron added in the common chemical induction may be benefit for the survival time of the neuron-like cells differentiated by BMSCs,but the effect may be negligible for the survival time of neuron-like cells induced when the added concentration of iodine iron is too low or too high.

BACKGROUND:Wnt signaling pathway is the key to regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation.The evidence suggests that this pathway participates in the neural precursor cell proliferation,differentiation and determination of the regulation of cell fate.At present,the Wnt signaling pathway effects on the mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)differentiated into neuron-like cells have not been reported.OBJECTIVE:To seek Wnt signal molecule that promotes the differentiation of MSCs into neuron-like cells.METHODS:MSCs were isolated from the femur of Sprague Dawley rats in vitro using the density gradient centrifugation,and then cultured.Following passage,cell surface markers CD29,CD44,CD34 and CD45 were measured using morphology and flow cytometry.These cells were selected and evaluated.Using neurotrophic factor and basic fibroblast growth factor combined with Wnt3a and Wnt5a induction scheme,effects of Wnt3a and Wnt5a during the differentiation of MSCs into neuron-like cells were compared utilizing immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Simple culture of basic fibroblast growth factor served as controls.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Following culture and passage of MSCs,cells adhered to the wall,showing even spindle shape.Flow cytometry showed great expression of CD29 and CD44 and low expression of CD34 and CD45.Following Wnt3a induction,cells were positive for nestin,neuron specific enolase,but no significantly expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein.Following induction,cell viability was good.In the Wnt5a induction and control groups,weakly positive expression of nestin was found,but neuron specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein were negative.RT-PCR results demonstrated that nestin expression was detected in the Wnt3a induction group before and after induction.Significant amplified bands for neuron specific enolase were detected at day 5 following induction,and became more significant at day 10.Weak bands for glial fibrillary acidic protein were visible at day 10 following induction.These indicated that Wnt3a can promote the differentiation of MSCs into neuron-like cells in vitro.

Objective To explore the ill experience of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT),and supply reference for making corresponding intervention.Methods The qualitative phenomenological study method was adopted in this study.Self-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 patients with deep vein thrombosis and data were collected for analysis.Results After repeated refinement of the collected data,the early ill experience of deep vein thrombosis could be extracted as 4 topics.Conclusions According to the ill experience of patients with DVT,nurses can provide targeted intervention for such diseases to instruct clients to rehabilitate rapidly and improve the patients' quality of life.

The investigation on Salvia przewalskii Maxim was carried out to find the relationship of the constituents and their pharmacological activities. The isolation and purification were performed by various chromatographies such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, RP-C18 column chromatography, etc. Further investigation on the fraction of the 95% ethanol extract of Salvia przewalskii Maxim yielded przewalskin Y-1 (1), anhydride of tanshinone-II A (2), sugiol (3), epicryptoacetalide (4), cryptoacetalide (5), arucadiol (6), 1-dehydromiltirone (7), miltirone (8), cryptotanshinone (9), tanshinone II A (10) and isotanshinone-I (11). Their structures were elucidated by the spectral analysis such as NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) and MS (Mass Spectrometry). Compound 1 is a new compound. Compounds 4 and 5 are mirror isomers (1 : 3). Compounds 4, 5, 6, 8, 11 were isolated from Salvia przewalskii Maxim for the first time.

Objective To analyze the detected pathogens composition in positive blood culture samples and drug resistance in our hospital from January 2005 to December 2012 in order to accumulate the data information of pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance in bacteremia .Methods The BD9240 and BacT /Alert3D 240 blood culture systems were used to perform the blood culture .The identification of isolated bacteria and the drug susceptibility test were conducted by using Microscan walkaway 40 sys‐tem and the Vitec2 compact system .The Data were analyzed by adopting the Whonet5 .6 software .Results In 1 829 positive bacte‐rial strains by blood culture ,986 strains were Gram negative bacilli ,accounting for 53 .9% ;721 strains were Gram positive coccus , accounting for 39 .4% ;104 strains were fungi ,accounting for 5 .68% .The resistant rate of staphylococcus to vancomycin ,linezolid and teicoplanin was 0% ,which to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid ,rifampicin ,amikacin ,sulfamethoxazole compound and chloramphenicol was lower than 40% .The sensitive of enterococcus to linezolid and teicoplanin was 100% ,but enterococcus faecium was resistant to vancomycin(2 .6% ) .The penicillin resistant rate of Streptococcus was 21 .7% .The resistant rates of E .coli and K lebsiella pneumo‐nia were 0% to imipenem and meropenem ,and less than 22% to amikacin ,piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoxitin .The resistant rates of salmonella to CLSI recommended five kinds of detection drug were less than 6 .5% .The resistant rates of pseudomonas aerugino‐sa were more than 25% to imipenem and more than 25% to meropenem .Conclusion The pathogens spectrum detected by blood culture is widespread .The resistance rates of different bacteria vary widely .

Objective To retrospective analyze the specimens and wards distribution and the drug resistance changes of clinical i‐solated Pseudomonas aeruginosa .Methods 1 114 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from a variety of clinical speci‐mens for the identification and susceptibility testing by using Microscan Walkaway40 identification and antibiotic susceptibility anal‐ysis system and manual method from 2002 to 2012 .And the results were analyzed .Results In all of the 1 114 isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains ,there were 64 .18% of them from respiratory specimens .Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection occured mainly in the ICU wards (49 .64% ) .From 2002 to 2012 ,the drug resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to 19 kinds of antibacterial drugs increased year by year .Conclusion Pseudomonas aeruginosa often causes respiratory tract infection ,and its mechanism of drug resistance is complex .There are few alternative antimicrobial drugs for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection .

Objective To study the mutation of FLCN gene in Chinese patients with sporadic and familial primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods A complete genetic analysis of FLCN by use of SSCP-PCR was performed in 102 unrelated Chinese patients with isolated PSP. Results Three novel mutations (c. 924_926del, c. 1611_1631del and c. 1740C.T) and a previously reported mutation (c. 1733insC) were identified in five familial and five sporadic PSP patients. Of the 21 family members of patients with PSP including 3 previous considered as sporadic, 4 ( 19% ) had history of at least one episode of PSP and 9 (43% ) were FLCN mutant carriers without PSP. Seven of the nine (78% ) mutant carriers had pulmonary cysts detected by high-resolution computed tomography ( HRCT) . Although c. 924_926del and c. 1611 _1631 del were found in eight patients from the same geographic district, haplotype analysis demonstrated that they did not share the same affected haplotype,thus excluding common ancestry. Conclusion This study first demonstrates that FLCN mutation contributes to not only familial but also apparently sporadic' patients with isolated PSP. It suggests that mutation analysis and HRCT scan may be recommended for first-degree family members of PSP patients with FLCN mutations, irrespective of their family history status of PSP.

The article analyzes chief physician SUN Wuquan's empirical characteristics in treating neck-type cervical spondylosis:disease differentiation combined with pattern differentiation,emphasizing the assessment of tendons and bones,with DING's Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)manipulations and static Gongfa(Qigong exercise)as the predominant treatment,inherits the academic features of DING's Tuina school,"paying equal attention to tendons and bones,putting function first";thus provides a reference for treating neck-type cervical spondylosis with Tuina therapy.

Chaigui granules(CG)are a compound composed of six herbal medicines with significant antidepressant effects.However,the antidepressant mechanism of CG remains unclear.In the present study,we attempted to elucidate the antidepressant mechanism of CG by regulating purine metabolism and purinergic signaling.First,the regulatory effect of CG on purine metabolites in the prefrontal cortex(PFC)of chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)rats was analyzed by ultra high-performance liquid chro-matography tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS)targeted quantitative analysis.Meanwhile,purinergic receptors(P2X7 receptor(P2X7R),A1 receptor(A1R)and A2A receptor(A2AR))and signaling pathways(nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome pathway and cyclic adenosine mono-phosphate(cAMP)-protein kinase A(PKA)pathway)associated with purine metabolism were analyzed by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Besides,antidepressant mecha-nism of CG by modulating purine metabolites to activate purinergic receptors and related signaling pathways was dissected by exogenous supplementation of purine metabolites and antagonism of puri-nergic receptors in vitro.An in vivo study showed that the decrease in xanthine and the increase in four purine nucleosides were closely related to the antidepressant effects of CG.Additionally,purinergic re-ceptors(P2X7R,A1R and A2AR)and related signaling pathways(NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and cAMP-PKA pathway)were also significantly regulated by CG.The results of exogenous supplementation of purine metabolites and antagonism of purinergic receptors showed that excessive accumulation of xanthine led to activation of the P2X7R-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway,and the reduction of adenosine and inosine inhibited the A1R-cAMP-PKA pathway,which was significantly ameliorated by CG.Overall,CG could promote neuroprotection and ultimately play an antidepressant role by inhibiting the xanthine-P2X7R-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and activating the adenosine/inosine-A1R-cAMP-PKA pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze recurrence and progression patterns of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) in patients without whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and assess the value of WBRT in PCNSL treatment. METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 27 patients with PCNSL, who experienced recurrence/progression after achieving complete remission (CR), partial remission, or stable disease following initial treatments with chemotherapy but without WBRT. The patients were followed up regularly after the treatment for treatment efficacy assessment. By comparing the anatomical location of the lesions on magnetic resonance images (MRI) at the initial diagnosis and at recurrence/progression, we analyzed the patterns of relapse/progression in patients with different treatment responses and different initial status of the lesions. RESULTS: MRI data showed that in 16 (59.26%) of the 27 patients, recurrence/progression occurred in out-field area (outside the simulated clinical target volume [CTV]) but within the simulated WBRT target area in 16 (59.26%) patients, and within the CTV (in-field) in 11 (40.74%) patients. None of the patients had extracranial recurrence of the tumor. Of the 11 patients who achieved CR after the initial treatments, 9 (81.82%) had PCNSL recurrences in the out-field area but within WBRT target area; of the 13 patients with a single lesion at the initial treatment, 11 (84.62%) experienced PCNSL recurrence in the out-field area but within WBRT target area. CONCLUSIONS Systemic therapy combined with WBRT still remains the standard treatment for PCNSL patients, especially those who achieve CR after treatment or have a single initial lesion. Future prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to further explore the role of low-dose WBRT in PCNSL treatment.
Humans ; Lymphoma/radiotherapy* ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy* ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Brain/pathology* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Methotrexate