It has been known that quinoline antimalariai drugs may cause inhibition of heart conduction or Adamsstokes syndrome. Its morphologic bases were obscure, We observed the histological and ultrastructural features of dogs, monkey and rats, in the toxic experiments of primaquine, with the stress on the heart. Myo-cardial granular degeneration, eosinophilic degeneration, coaggulation necrosis,vacuolar degeneration and colliguative myocytolysis were found in most of the intoxicated dogs. The heart conduction systems of dogs also showed above mentioned lesions. Electro-microsopically the myocardial cells of intoxicated dogs showed swelling of mitochondria, dilatation of transvers tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum, fusion or dissolution of myofibrils, deformity of nuclei, clumping of chromatin,and evertually cell necrosis. The severities of lesions were parallel to the doses of the drug used.These lesions were supposed to be the morpholoic bases of the intoxication symptoms and signs caused by primaquine. A few experimental rats also revealed myocardial eosinophilic degeneration, No important cardiac lesion was found in the experimental monkeys, but the pathologic changes in the liver were obv :ous. Different Species of laboratory animals showed different sensitivitiss to primaquine, but the heart lesions should be considered an important toxic effect of primaquine.

Objective To probe into the status and development trend of avian influenza,so as to provide reference for further research.Methods The article took the avian influenza literature as the object of study,took Gopubmed as the retrieval and statistical tool,made information analysis of the subjects,time,sources,distribution,authors and literature development trends of avian influenza research.Results The main subjects of avian influenza literature involved influenza in birds and influenza,human.There has been a sharp increase on the literature number of avian influenza in the recent decade with the most in 2006.The United States accounted for the most literature and China ranked the second place.The sources of avian influenza literature were mainly the SCI journals from the United States and European countries.Conclusions Gopubmed can show a vivid picture of the current situation and development trend of avian influenza research.Further improvements are needed both in the quality and quantity of avian influenza research in China

Objective To probe into the status and development trend of ebola,so as to provide reference for further research.Methods This paper took the ebola literature as the object of study,took GoPubMed as the retrieval and statistical tool,and conducted information analysis of the subjects,time,sources,distribution,authors and literature development trends of ebola research.Results The main subjects of ebola literature involved ebola virus and hemorrhagic fever,ebola.There has been a sharp increase on the literature number of ebola in the recent two years,particularly in 2014.The majority of literature came from the United States,and Britain ranked the second.The sources of ebola literature were mainly the SCI journals published in the United States and British.Conclusions GoPubMed can provide a vivid picture of the current situation and development trend of ebola research.Further improvements are needed both in the quality and quantity of ebola research in China.

Objective To explore the information distribution of PM2.5 Paper in Foreign Language.Methods This article took PM2.5 papers as research object,used GoPubMed as information search and statistical analysis tool to conduct information mining of PM2.5 literature,including subject,time,author,source,distribution and number of publications over time.Results There was steady development of PM2.5 literature published in foreign language from 2004 to 2012,dramatic increase during the year 2013 to 2015.The three top publishing years of PM2.5 literature were 2015,2014 and 2013.Main authors of such literature include Chow J,Watson J,Koutrakis P and so on.Main research countries include United States,China,Canada,etc.Big cities,like Beijing,Shanghai,Boston were main places conducted such PM2.5 research.Related articles mainly published in journals such as J Air Waste Manag Assoc,Environ Sci Technol,Sci Total Environ and so on.Six out of the top ten research journals have higher impact factors than the average level of all journals of SCI in 2014.Main research terminologies include particulate matter,air pollutants,particle size and so on.Conclusions Generally,the PM2.5 literature over the world has a high level academically and China plays a significant role in such research.

Objective To investigate the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of cisplatin in docetaxel,cisplatin,and fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and concomitant chemotherapy as well as the safety and short-term efficacy of TPF induction chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods Thirtythree patients with locally advanced NPC were enrolled in this trial.The MTD of cisplatin was determined by dose escalation study,and the short-term efficacy and toxicities were evaluated.Results When the doses of docetaxel and fluorouracil were 60 mg/m2 d1 and 550 mg/m2 d1-5,respectively,the MTD of cisplatin was 65 mg/m2 d1.In this regimen (repeated every 3 weeks),grade 3-4 toxicities included neutropenia (67％),febrile neutropenia (9％),diarrhea (21％),and oral mucositis (6％).Except those who experienced dose-limited toxicity,other patients completed the whole treatment schedule.After TPF induction chemotherapy,the overall response rate was 97％,and the complete response rate was 21％.Conclusions In the endemic areas of NPC,induction chemotherapy with docetaxel (60 mg/m2 d1),cisplatin (65 mg/m2 d1),and fluorouracil (550 mg/m2 d1-5),which is repeated every 3 weeks,is proved safe and effective for Asian patients with locally advanced NPC.

In this paper,we report the effective killing radius and the biological killing effects of the antitank mines after bursting to cut through a base deck of the tank.The mines had different types of structure and were exploded at various angles. It was found that the fragmentation damage was the primary killing factor and a blast wave came second, accompanied by a minor thermic burn. The incidence of the blast wave was higher than the casting structure when the antitank mines with separate layer structure were exploded, as compared to those with the casting structure, but there was no significant difference in the effective killing radius.

It was recently shown that several new synthetic 2-alkylsulfanyl-6-benzyl-3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-4(3H)-one (S-DABO) derivatives demonstrated anti-HIV-1 activity. Three of the derivatives namely RZK-4, RZK-5 and RZK-6 were used in this study to explore their inhibitory effects on a variety of HIV strains. These compounds at a concentration of 200 microg mL(-1) almost completely inhibited the activity of recombinant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. All of the three compounds reduced replication of HIV-1 laboratory-derived strains, low-passage clinical isolated strain, and the drug resistant strain. In particular RZK-6 showed potent activity against the HIV-1 drug resistant strain. In general, the antiviral activities are similar in magnitude to nevirapine (NVP), which is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor approved by FDA. The therapeutic indexes of these compounds were remarkable, ranging from 3704 to 38462 indicating extremely low cytotoxicity. These results suggest that the three S-DABO derivatives in this study have good potential for further development in anti-HIV-1 therapy. It may be particularly useful to target at the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors resistant HIV-1 strain.

Objective To investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced(DCE)-MRI and DWI for the early assessment of curative effects in NSCLC. Methods Forty patients from September 2012 to September 2014 with NSCLC proven by pathology were examined with DCE-MRI and DWI, at one week before the first chemotherapy and one month after treatment. DCE parameters (MER, slope, WR) and ADC values of the tumors were calculated on the workstation. According to the changes of the tumor-size after treatment, all patients were divided into two groups: good response group and poor response group. Pretreatment parameters were compared between the two groups with independent-samples t test, and parameter changes before and after treatment were compared with paired-samples t Test. ROC curve of tumor response characteristic was analyzed. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to study the correlation between post-treatment parameter changes and tumor size reduction. Results Pretreatment ADC, MER and slope value were (1.15 ± 0.09) × 10-3 mm2/s, 1.13 ± 0.28, (3.76 ± 1.27)% in the good response group(15 patients), and were (1.34±0.33)×10-3mm2/s, 0.78±0.16, (2.63±0.58)%in poor response group(25 patients), respectively. There was significant difference between tumors in two groups(t=2.329, 3.152, 4.556,P=0.027, 0.032, 0.009), the lower ADC value and the higher MER/slope value was observed in the good response group. The change rates of ADC after one month treatment in the two groups were (20.43±6.40)%, (2.98±1.65)%(t=3.485,P=0.009), and slope change were (-61.80±19.21)%, (-30.80±11.16)%(t=3.280, P=0.020). Both the rising rate of ADC and decreasing rate of slope value were significant higher in good response group than the poor response group. The ROC curve was used to analyze the change rate of ADC and slope after tumors treatment, the area under the ROC curve in ADC was largest(Az=0.790), the diagnosis efficiency was highest. We found significant positive correlation between ADC, MER, slope change rate and tumor maximum diameter reduction rate after chemotherapy(r=0.637, 0.396, 0.532,P<0.05). Conclusions DCE parameters and ADC values possess important clinical value to evaluate the early effect of chemotherapy in NSCLC. ADC value is more sensitive to early lung cancer response.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of miRNA-146a rs2910164 and recurrence after liver cancer surgery. MethodsA total of 89 patients with primary liver cancer who underwent radical resection for liver cancer in Maojian Hospital of Dongfeng Medical Group were enrolled, and according to the presence or absence of postoperative recurrence, they were divided into recurrence group and non-recurrence group. The TaqMan probe method was used to determine the genotypes (G/C) of miRNA-146a rs2910164. The frequency of each genotype was compared between the two groups to investigate the association between the SNP of MicroRNA-146a and recurrence after liver cancer surgery. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of continuous data between the two groups, the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between the two groups, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with the recurrence of liver cancer. ResultsThe three genotypes of miRNA-146a G/C in non-recurrence group conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law (P＞0.05). After the surgery for liver cancer, the frequency of miRNA-146a G/C genotype showed a significant difference between the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group (χ2=9.115, P=0.010), and compared with the non-recurrence group, the recurrence group had a significantly higher frequency of miRNA-146a (rs2910164) CG genotype (χ2=4.013, P=0.039) and a significantly lower frequency of GG genotype (χ2=9.046, P=0.003). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor diameter (OR=1.075, P=0.003 9) and miRNA-146a (rs2910164) CG genotype (OR=6.215, P=0.001 4) were the risk factors for recurrence after the surgery for liver cancer, and that miRNA146a(rs2910164) GG genotype was the protective factor against recurrence after the surgery for liver cancer (OR = 0.382, P=0002 5). ConclusionThe SNP of MiRNA-146a (rs2910164 C/G) is associated with recurrence after the radical surgery for liver cancer, and the CG genotype of rs2910164 may be the risk factor for postoperative recurrence after the surgery for liver cancer.

The quantity of medical equipment in hospital rise quickly recent year. It provides the comprehensive support to the clinical service. The maintenance of medical equipment becomes more important than before. It is necessary to study on the orientation and function of clinical engineer in medical equipment maintenance system. Refer to three grade health care system, the community doctors which is called General practitioner, play an important role as the gatekeeper of health care system to triage and cost control. The paper suggests that hospital clinical engineer should play similar role as the gatekeeper of medical equipment maintenance system which composed by hospital clinical engineer, manufacture engineer and third party engineer. The hospital clinical engineer should be responsible of guard a pass of medical equipment maintenance quality and cost control. As the gatekeeper, hospital clinical engineer should take the responsibility of "General engineer" and pay more attention to safety and health of medical equipment. The responsibility description and future transition? development of clinical engineer as "General Engineer" is discussed. More attention should be recommended to the team building of hospital clinical engineer as "General Engineer".
Engineering ; Equipment Safety ; Equipment and Supplies, Hospital ; Humans ; Maintenance and Engineering, Hospital ; Safety Management ; organization & administration