In this paper we analysed the influence of water—abstracts of Huangqi on the anti — tumour effects of polyresistin oral use. Results showed Huangqi could strengthen the anti—tumour effects of polyresistin. As in the group treated with Huangqi— polyresistin the reaction of spleen T cells to Con—A stimulation increased, but the viability of tumour cells decreased. Huangqi—Polyresistin prolonged the survival term of tumourborne mice and lowered their mortaity. Based on the facts that polyresistin is peptidoglycan,Polyresistin can activate monocyte—macrophage system and Huangqi induce the production of IFN?. We think the positive regulation of IFNr on the synthesis and cytotoxic—effect of TNF? may be one of the most important mechanisms of Huangqi to strengthen the anti— tumour effects of polyresistin.

Objective To investigate the biomechanicai characteristics of flexor profundus tendons repaired after decimeter wave therapy, and to observe the effect of decimeter wave therapy on early active mobilization. Methods A total of 56 Leghorn chickens were randomly divided into a therapy group and a control group with 28 chickens in each. The 3rd and 4th toes of their left feet were employed for the establishment of a tendon injury model. The flexor profundus tendons were cut and repaired. Gypsum support was applied and fixed with an adhesive plaster after the operation. The operated sites on toes Ⅲ and Ⅳ were exposed. The external fixation was removed 3 weeks later and the chickens were left free to move. Decimeter wave therapy ( frequency 915 MHz, power 8 Watts) was ap-plied for 10 minutes once daily on the left foot of each chicken in the therapy group from day 1 until 3 weeks after the operation. Sham decimeter wave therapy was applied to chickens in the control group. Four chickens from each group were randomly selected at the 1st, 7th, 10th, 14th, 18th, 21st and 28th days for biomechanical analysis. Biome-chanical parameters including tensile strength of rupture (Pmax), elongation ratio at rupture (δimax) and the tensile adhesion strength of the rupture zone (W0>) were observed at each time point. Results At the 7th, 10th, 14th, 18th, 21st and 28th day after the operation, the differences in Pmax, δmax and W0 between the therapy and control groups were statistically significant. The results of the therapy group were better than those of the control group. Conclusions Local decimeter wave therapy after flexor tendon repair can promote intrinsic healing and reduce ex-trinsic healing. The speed and quality of healing are improved. The elasticity and tenacity of the injured tendons are enhanced. Therefore decimeter wave therapy is helpful for early active mobilization training.

BACKGROUND:To improve local microenvironment and reduce local scars is conducive to peripheral nerve regeneration that promotes nerve function recovery.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of fresh amniotic membrane on the regeneration of tinjured peripheral nerve.METHODS:Sixty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=20 per group) after constructing a model of sciatic nerve injury of the unilateral leg. In group A, the nerve was wrapped with fresh human amnion at the anastomosis end after the repair of nerve. In group B, the nerve was wrapped with biofilm at the anastomosis end after the repair of nerve. In group C, no treatment was conducted after the repair of nerve (blank control). The effects were evaluated by anatomical observation, light microscope observation, immunohistochemical detection (2, 4, 8, 12 weeks after surgery), transmission electron microscope observation, axon imaging analysis, action potential detection, and sciatic nerve function index (4, 8, 12 weeks after surgery).RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Gross observation. The amniotic membrane and biofilm were absorbed partialy at postoperative 2 weeks, mostly at postoperative 4 weeks and completely at postoperative 8 weeks. In the groups A and B, the nerve was adhered slightly and loosely to the surrounding tissues, with a fair range of motion. In the group C, the nerve was tightly adhered to the surrounding tissues, with a poor range of motion. (2) Observation under light microscope. The nerve regeneration was better in the groups A and B than group C at 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks postoperatively. (3) Observation under electron microscope. Regenerated nerve fibers were rarely seen and lamelar structures were unclear in the three groups at 4 weeks postoperatively. Then, increased regenerated nerve fibers, thickened myelin sheath, clear lamelar structure and enlarged axon diameter were found in the groups A and B compared with the group C at 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively. (4) Immunohistochemical detection. The expression and distribution of S-100 protein in the groups A and B were better than those in the group C. (5) Axon image analysis. Groups A and B were superior to the group C in the diameter of myelinated nerve fibers, thickness of myelin sheath and number of regenerated nerve fibers. There was a significant difference by statistical analysis (P < 0.05). (6) Electrophysiological examination. Shorter latency period, higher amplitude and faster nerve conduction velocities were observed in the groups A and B compared with the group C (P < 0.05). (7) The sciatic function index. The sciatic function index in group A or B was significantly higher than that in group C (P < 0.05). To conclude, the human amniotic membrane can reduce adhesion between the damaged nerve and surrounding tissues, and prevent scarring at the anastomosis end. In addition, it promotes the regeneration of nerve fibers, increase axon diameter and myelin sheath thickness, and ease inflammatory and immune responses at the neural incision.

BACKGROUND:Experiments have demonstrated that biological membranes can be usedtorecon struct thetendon she athandin hibit exogenou shealing of thetendon.Therefore,the semembrane sprovide a good bed for tendon gliding and reduce tendon adhesion.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the effectsof acelular amniotic membrane and medical membraneagainst tendon adhesion during the repair oftendon sheath defects.
METHODS:ToesIIIfrom the bipeds of 66 leghorns were chosen to prepare tendon injury and tendon sheath defect models, which were randomly divided into three groups (n=22 per group). Amnion group were repaired with acelular amniotic membrane, medical membrane group with absorbable membrane, and control group had no treatment on tendon sheath defects. Gross, histological and biomechanical tests of each group were performed at 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks after surgery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 12 weeks after surgery, in the amniotic membrane and medical membrane groups, the tendon sheath formed completely, and the tendon healed well, with no adhesion, but in the control group, there was serious tendon adhesion. At 8 weeks after surgery, the number of synovial cells in the false sheath was highest in the amniotic membrane group sequentially followed by the medical membrane group and control group. In the amniotic membrane group, the rough endoplasmic reticulum expanded highly and secreted exuberantly in the matrix, while in the control group, the synovial cells presented with messy arrangement, and expanded vacuoles in the matrix were weaker than those in the other two groups. At 12 weeks after surgery, fibroblasts were arrayedtidily in layerwith dense structure in the medical membrane and amniotic membrane groups;but in the control group, fibroblasts were distributed disorderly with loose structure. Tendon sliding distance and total flexor toe angle in the amniotic membrane and medical filmgroups were significantly larger than those in the control group (P < 0.05),butthere was no significant difference between the medical membrane and amniotic membrane groups. Additionally, the maximum tensile fracture strength had no significant difference among three groups at 12 weeks after surgery. These results indicate that both amniotic membrane and medical membrane can markedlyprotect the tendon from exogenous healing and adhesion.

Objective To find humoral protein markers to develop new experimental diagnostic methods for tuberculous pleurisy. Methods Proteomes of 7 d and 14 d culture filtrate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis growing in Middlebrook 7H9, serum and pleural effusion from five patients with tuberculous pleurisy were detected by surface-enhanced laser desorptionionization time-of-flight massspectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS). And the data were analyzed with descriptive statistics method to observed the protein components all owned by three kinds of proteome. Results From protein species, proteins of all culture filtrate were far more than that of pleural effusion and serum while proteins of pleural effusion in four cases were more than that of serum. The kinds of common proteins between culture filtrate and pleural effusion, between culture filtrate and serum, between serum and pleural effusion, among culture filtrate and pleural effusion and serum were different. But the protein of relative molecular mass of 2 660 depending on the ratio of mass to charge existed in all samples of culture filtrate, pleural effusion and serum. Conclusion The protein of relative molecular mass of 2 660 possess the latent quality as a specific humoral protein marker for tuberculous pleurisy. But it is essential that must be further confirmed among large samples.

In order to increase the expression level of target gene and to simplify the purifying process of separation and purification, we performed the transgenetic research of antigen VP7 gene into peanut via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The plant binary expression vector is pBOG3VP7 harboring fusion gene oleosin-vp7, which is promoted by ole-promoter. Cotyledon nodes were used as transformation recipients. Transformed individuals were obtained through selection on medium containing 125 mg L-1 Kan. Integration of transgenes was assessed by PCR amplification and PCR-Southern blot hybridization. Taking pBOG3VP7 plasmid as positive control, non-transformed peanut as negative control. 6 plants among 11 plants grown up through seletion medium were detected by PCR and the rate of positive plants is 54.5%. PCR positive plants were further analysed by PCR-Southern blot hybridization. The results showed that 3 plants have DNA bloting bands. The results also showed that the foreign gene was integrated into genome of transformed peanuts. Elevated expression of rotavirus VP7 antigen in transgenic peanuts was a critical factor in the development of efficient and cheap plant oral vaccine.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; genetics ; Antigens, Viral ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Arachis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Capsid Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rotavirus ; genetics ; immunology ; Transformation, Genetic ; Vaccines, Synthetic

Objective To establish type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)KM mouse models via the combined use of high-calorie diet and multiple administration of low-dose streptozotocin(STZ). Methods Based on the randomized number table,30 KM mice were equally and randomly divided into 2 groups:modeling group and control group. Mice in the modeling group were given foods with high calories for one month and injected with 30 mg/kg STZ via the left lower abdominal cavity for 2-4 consecutive days,while mice in the control group were fed with standard maintenance foods and the same dose of citrate buffer solution. The general conditions including food and water intake and mice weight were recorded. Blood glucose level was measured 1,2,4,5,12,and 21 weeks after STZ injection. When the glucose level became stabilized,the serum insulin and blood lipids [including total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG),high-density lipoprotein(HDL) and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)],and hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c)were measured,and oral glucose tolerance test were performed. Results The modeling group had a 100% survival rate. After STZ injection,the body weight of mice in the modeling group reached the peak in the forth week,and later the growth rate decreased,still significantly lower than that of control group mice till the 21week(t=3.160,P=0.006). Their blood glucose level was significantly higher than that of mice before STZ injection and in the control group(all P<0.05);as time went on,it was also rising,and it remained high till the 21week [(26.38±1.34)mmol/L]. In the 4week,the fasting blood glucose of mice in the modeling group was(11.86±3.33)mmol/L,which was significantly higher than that of mice in the control group [(6.37±1.27)mmol/L](t=-3.830,P=0.002). Fasting serum insulin of mice in the modeling group showed no significant difference compared with control group [(5.73±0.24)mU/L vs.(5.48±0.32)mU/L;t=-0.863,P=0.416]. Insulin sensitivity index was 0.0145±0.0039,which was significantly lower than that(0.0267±0.0039)in control group(t=4.414,P=0.003). In the 6week,the blood glucose levels of mice in the modeling group were(15.35±1.82),(26.45±1.07),(25.58±1.46),and(26.15±1.00)mmol/L 0,30,60,and 120 min after oral gavage of D-glucose,which were all significantly higher than those in the control group [(6.88±1.75)(t=-8.203,P=0.000),(17.65±2.94)(t=-6.884,P=0.000),(13.18±2.04)(t=-12.110,P=0.000),and(7.37±3.40)mmol/L(t=-12.969,P=0.000)]. In the 8week,serum TC and TG levels of mice in the modeling group were(3.83±0.06)and(2.20±0.20)mmol/L,which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(3.10±0.10)(t=11.000,P=0.000)and(0.90±0.10)mmol/L(t=10.070,P=0.000)]. HDL level of mice in the modeling group was(2.03±0.06)mmol/L,which was significantly lower than that in the control group [(2.48±0.02)mmol/L;t=11.662,P=0.000]. LDL level was increased but showed no significant difference [(0.34±0.08)mmol/L vs.(0.26±0.02)mmol/L](t=1.680,P=0.168). HbA1c content of mice in the modeling group was(7.30±0.31)%,which was significantly higher than that(4.40±0.32)% in the control group(t=-11.587,P=0.000). Conclusion KM mice models of T2DM were successfully established after high-calorie diet and multiple administration of low-dose STZ.