1.Primary Tuberculosis of the Cheek: A Common Disease with a Rare Presentation
Neena Chaudhary ; Deepak K Gupta ; Santosha Ram Choudhary ; Leelavathi Dawson
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2014;21(1):66-68
Tuberculosis of the extra-oral region is uncommon and is rarely primary. Extra-oral involvement of the cheek in the absence of tuberculosis elsewhere in the body is rare. To the best of our knowledge, we report here the first case of primary tuberculosis of the cheek in a 31-year-old male presenting as a nodular swelling of the cheek. Previous reported cases of extra-oral involvement of the cheek involved either fistula or sinus of the cheek. Excisional biopsy for tissue diagnosis and bacterial examination with culture should be performed for an early diagnosis as a delay in treatment can lead to devastating consequences.
Tuberculosis
;
Cheek
2.Cost-effective analysis of dual therapy in epilepsy, a study from India
Sarita Goyal ; DC Dhasmana ; Deepak Goel ; MC Gupta ; Taruna Sharma
Neurology Asia 2011;16(4):309-314
Background and Objective: For improving overall care in epileptic patients, careful evaluation of
pharmacotherapy, seizure control, quality of life (QOL) and cost effectiveness are helpful but such
data are relatively meagre from developing countries. The present study was undertaken to audit all
these said factors with different drug combinations comparing older with newer drugs in the setting
of a tertiary care epilepsy hospital in India. Methods: Forty patients were divided into four treatment
groups, of ten each which were valproic acid + lamotrigine (Group-I), valproic acid+ clonazepam
(Group-II), oxcarbazepine + clobazam (Group-III) and phenobarbitone + phenytoin (Group-IV), based
on most commonly used dual therapy in local clinical practice. The patients were followed at monthly
intervals for six months. Effi cacy was assessed by reduction in seizure frequency, QOL was assessed
by using an adapted version of 31- items questionnaire QOLIE-31 (quality of life in epilepsy) and
cost effectiveness was calculated as ratio of direct cost of medicine and improvement in quality of
life. Results: There was a signifi cant reduction in seizure frequency and improvement in QOL in all
four groups at 2nd and 6th months. Cost-effectiveness analysis at the end showed that group-IV paid
the least for same improvement in QOL.
Conclusion: Older drugs are equally effi cacious as compared to newer in controlling seizure frequency
and improving QOL, but are more cost effective.
3.Role of dexmedetomidine as adjuvant in postoperative sciatic popliteal and adductor canal analgesia in trauma patients: a randomized controlled trial
Vanita AHUJA ; Deepak THAPA ; Anjuman CHANDER ; Satinder GOMBAR ; Ravi GUPTA ; Sandeep GUPTA
The Korean Journal of Pain 2020;33(2):166-175
Background:
The effect of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant in the adductor canal block (ACB) and sciatic popliteal block (SPB) on the postoperative tramadol-sparing effect following spinal anesthesia has not been evaluated.
Methods:
In this randomized, placebo-controlled study, ninety patients undergoing below knee trauma surgery were randomized to either the control group, using ropivacaine in the ACB + SPB; the block Dex group, using dexmedetomidine + ropivacaine in the ACB + SPB; or the systemic Dex group, using ropivacaine in the ACB + SPB + intravenous dexmedetomidine. The primary outcome was a comparison of postoperative cumulative tramadol patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) consumption at 48 hours. Secondary outcomes included time to first PCA bolus, pain score, neurological assessment, sedation score, and adverse effects at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 60 minutes, as well as 4, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, and 48 hours after the block.
Results:
The mean ± standard deviation of cumulative tramadol consumption at 48 hours was 64.83 ± 51.17 mg in the control group and 41.33 ± 38.57 mg in the block Dex group (P = 0.008), using Mann–Whitney U-test. Time to first tramadol PCA bolus was earlier in the control group versus the block Dex group (P = 0.04). Other secondary outcomes were comparable.
Conclusions
Postoperative tramadol consumption was reduced at 48 hours in patients receiving perineural or systemic dexmedetomidine with ACB and SPB in below knee trauma surgery.
4.Chemical composition and antibacterial properties of the essential oil and extracts of Lantana camara Linn. from Uttarakhand (India)
Seth Richa ; Mohan Manindra ; Singh Prashant ; Haider Zafar Syed ; Gupta Sanjay ; Bajpai Irshita ; Singh Deepak ; Dobhal Rajendra
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012;(z3):1407-1411
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the essential oil composition as well as antibacterial activities of essential oil and leaves extracts of Lantana camara against five bacterial strains. Methods: Essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation from the leaves and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The antibacterial activities of essential oil and the leaves extracts were tested by using disk diffusion method against five bacterial strains. Results: Thirty seven compounds were identified representing 98.11% of the total oil, of which trans-caryophyllene (13.95%), bicyclogermacrene (9.77%), α-curcumene (8.57%), sabinene (8.28%), (E)-citral (6.90%), 1,8 cineole (5.06%), α-pinene (4.03%), γ-terpinene (3.83%) and germacrene D (3.13%) were detected as major components. In respect to the antibacterial activities, essential oil showed the high degree of sensitivity against Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus except Pseudomonas aeruginosa while extracts of leaves obtained through petroleum ether, benzene, methanol and water exhibited good to moderate antimicrobial activity against all tested bacterial strains. Conclusions: The present study suggested that M. luteus showed best zone of inhibition for the essential oil as well as aqueous extract among all the tested bacterial strains. The most active extract can be subjected to isolation of the therapeutic antimicrobials to carry out further pharmacological evaluation.
5.Tricholithobezoar: An Unusual Late Complication of Neourethral Reconstruction in Aphallia.
Vishwajeet SINGH ; Deepak Sharanappa NAGATHAN ; Rahul Janak SINHA ; Dheeraj Kumar GUPTA
Korean Journal of Urology 2013;54(5):345-347
An 18-year-old man born with aphallia had undergone phallic reconstruction in childhood followed by total urethral reconstruction with a buccal mucosal graft and groin-based pedicle (Singapore) flap urethroplasty at 13 years of age. The patient presented with obstructive voiding symptoms lasting 6 months followed by acute urinary retention. The results of a voiding cystourethrogram showed a filling defect in the distal urethra that had been reconstructed by use of the skin flap. On urethroscopy, a 3 cmx2 cm sized tricholithobezoar was seen in the distal urethra. Pneumatic lithotripsy followed by bulbar urethrolithotomy was performed in the same operation to extract the bezoar. The remaining hairs were mechanically epilated. The patient has been doing well for 6 months of follow-up.
Bezoars
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Hair
;
Hair Removal
;
Humans
;
Lithotripsy
;
Skin
;
Transplants
;
Urethra
;
Urinary Retention
6.Herniation of malignant lung cavity.
Saurabh Kumar SINGH ; Rakesh BHARGAVA ; Zuber AHMAD ; Deepak K PANDEY ; Shirin NAAZ ; Vibhanshu GUPTA
Chinese Medical Journal 2008;121(17):1757-1758
Adenocarcinoma
;
complications
;
Female
;
Hernia
;
etiology
;
Humans
;
Lung Diseases
;
etiology
;
Lung Neoplasms
;
complications
;
Middle Aged
7.The C2 Pedicle Width, Pars Length, and Laminar Thickness in Concurrent Ipsilateral Ponticulus Posticus and High-Riding Vertebral Artery: A Radiological Computed Tomography Scan-Based Study
Manish Kundanmal KOTHARI ; Samir Surendranath DALVIE ; Santosh GUPTA ; Agnivesh TIKOO ; Deepak Kumar SINGH
Asian Spine Journal 2019;13(2):290-295
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective radiological study. PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the prevalence of ponticulus posticus (PP) and high-riding vertebral artery (HRVA) occurring simultaneously on the same side (PP+HRVA) and in cases of PP+HRVA, to assess C2 radio-anatomical measurements for C2 pars length, pedicle width, and laminar thickness. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: PP and HRVA predispose individuals to vertebral artery injuries during atlantoaxial fixation. In cases of PP+HRVA, the construct options thus become limited. METHODS: Consecutive computed tomography scans (n=210) were reviewed for PP and HRVA (defined as an internal height of <2 mm and an isthmus height of <5 mm). In scans with PP+HRVA, we measured the ipsilateral pedicle width, pars length, and laminar thickness and compared them with controls (those without PP or HRVA). RESULTS: PP was present in 14.76% and HRVA in 20% of scans. Of the 420 sides in 210 scans, PP+HRVA was present on 13 sides (seven right and six left). In scans with PP+HRVA, the C2 pars length was shorter compared with controls (13.69 mm in PP+HRVA vs. 20.65 mm in controls, p<0.001). The mean C2 pedicle width was 2.53 mm in scans with PP+HRVA vs. 5.83 mm in controls (p<0.001). The mean laminar thickness was 4.92 and 5.48 mm in scans with PP+HRVA and controls, respectively (p=0.209). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of PP+HRVA was approximately 3% in the present study. Our data suggest that, in such situations, C2 pedicle width and pars length create important safety limitations for a proposed screw, whereas the translaminar thickness appears safe for a proposed screw.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra
;
Cervical Atlas
;
Prevalence
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Vertebral Artery
8.Late-term effects of hypofractionated chest wall and regional nodal radiotherapy with two-dimensional technique in patients with breast cancer
Budhi Singh YADAV ; Anshuma BANSAL ; Philip George KUTTIKAT ; Deepak DAS ; Ankita GUPTA ; Divya DAHIYA
Radiation Oncology Journal 2020;38(2):109-118
Purpose:
Hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) is becoming a new standard in postoperative treatment of patients with early stage breast cancer after breast conservation surgery. However, data on hypofractionation in patients with advanced stage disease who undergo mastectomy followed by local and regional nodal irradiation (RNI) is lacking. In this retrospective study, we report late-term effects of 3 weeks post-mastectomy hypofractionated local and RNI with two-dimensional (2D) technique in patients with stage II and III breast cancer.
Methods:
Between January 1990 and December 2007, 1,770 women with breast cancer who were given radical treatment with mastectomy, systemic therapy and RT at least 10 years ago were included. RT dose was 35 Gy/15 fractions/3 weeks to chest wall by two tangential fields and 40 Gy in same fractions to supraclavicular fossa (SCF) and internal mammary nodes (IMNs). SCF and IMNs dose was prescribed at dmax and 3 cm depth, respectively. Chemotherapy and hormonal therapy was given in 64% and 74% patients, respectively. Late-term toxicities were assessed with the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scores and LENT-SOMA scales (the Late Effects Normal Tissue Task Force-Subjective, Objective, Management, Analytic scales).
Results:
Mean age was 48 years (range, 19 to 75 years). Median follow-up was 12 years (range, 10 to 27 years). Moderate/marked arm/shoulder pain was reported by 254 (14.3%) patients. Moderate/marked shoulder stiffness was reported by 219 (12.3%) patients. Moderate/marked arm edema was seen in 131 (7.4%) patients. Brachial plexopathy was not seen in any patient. Rib fractures were noted in 6 (0.3%) patients. Late cardiac and lung toxicity was seen in 29 (1.6%) and 23 (1.3%) patients, respectively. Second malignancy developed in 105 (5.9%) patients.
Conclusion
RNI with 40 Gy/15 fractions/3 weeks hypofractionation with 2D technique seems safe and comparable to historical data of conventional fractionation (ClinicalTrial.gov Registration No. XXXX).
9.Role of carotid corrected flow time and peak velocity variation in predicting fluid responsiveness: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Deepak SINGLA ; Bhavna GUPTA ; Pragya VARSHNEY ; Mishu MANGLA ; Beeraling Ningappa WALIKAR ; Tiajem JAMIR
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2023;76(3):183-193
Background:
Dynamic parameters used for predicting fluid responsiveness require special equipment and are minimally invasive. Therefore, recent interest in the use of carotid artery ultrasound parameters, such as carotid corrected flow time (FTc) and peak velocity variation (ΔVpeak) has grown. Therefore, we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the ability of carotid FTc and/or ΔVpeak to accurately predict fluid responsiveness.
Methods:
We searched the PubMed and Embase databases for articles evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of carotid FTc or ΔVpeak for predicting fluid responsiveness. Two independent authors performed the search and selected studies published until May 2022. The studies were assessed for the inclusion and exclusion criteria using Rayyan (Rayyan Systems Inc., 2022).
Results:
Ten studies (n=438) that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected. Studies were divided into those assessing carotid FTc and those assessing carotid ΔVpeak. Five studies (six datasets) assessed FTc. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of carotid FTc were 0.76 and 0.88, respectively. The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve for carotid FTc had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9092, with a Q value of 0.8412. Seven studies calculated carotid ΔVpeak. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for ΔVpeak were 0.83 and 0.81, respectively. The SROC curve had an AUC of 0.8941 and a Q value of 0.8250.
Conclusions
Our meta-analysis showed that both carotid FTc and ΔVpeak are useful for predicting fluid responsiveness in anesthesia and critical care settings with good specificity and sensitivity.
10.Leiomyosarcoma, a Nonurothelial Bladder Tumor: A Rare Entity With Therapeutic Diversity.
Dheeraj Kumar GUPTA ; Vishwajeet SINGH ; Rahul Janak SINHA ; Vijay KUMAR ; Deepak Sharanappa NAGATHAN ; Satya Narayan SANKHWAR
Korean Journal of Urology 2013;54(6):409-411
A 22-year-old young woman presented with dysuria and lower urinary tract symptoms that had persisted for 6 months. She was diagnosed with a tumor near the bladder neck. Transurethral resection was done under anaesthesia. The histopathological examination with immunohistochemical staining showed the tumor to be a low-grade leiomyosarcoma. Adjuvant chemoradiation was given, and the patient has been doing well for 12 months of follow-up. Nonurothelial tumors of the bladder are rare and consensus is lacking regarding their definitive treatment. Furthermore, little is known about the natural history and prognosis of this type of bladder sarcoma. We present a minimally invasive treatment for this relatively rare tumor in which bladder preservation was achieved with no evidence of local or distant recurrences during the follow-up to date.
Consensus
;
Dysuria
;
Female
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Hematuria
;
Humans
;
Leiomyosarcoma
;
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
;
Natural History
;
Neck
;
Prognosis
;
Recurrence
;
Sarcoma
;
Urinary Bladder
;
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms