Objective To investigate the imaging features of surgical complications of Crohn's disease (CD).Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinical data of 128 CD patients with surgical complications who were admitted to the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2014 to December 2015 were collected.All the patients underwent computed tomography enterography (CTE),magnetic resonance enterography (MRE),magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of anal tube and X-ray examination.The patients underwent surgical therapies after examinations.Observation indicators:(1) clinical characteristics of surgical complications of CD:occurrence of surgical complications of CD,correlation between preoperative complications and Montreal types of CD,(2) diagnostic accuracy of surgical complications and perianal lesions through CTE,MRE and MRI of anal tube,(3) imaging findings of preoperative complications of CD,(4) treatment and follow-up situations.Follow-up using telephone interview and outpatient examination was performed to detect the postoperative recovery and reoperations of patients up to March 2016.Count data were represented as frequency or percentage.The correlation between preoperative complications and Montreal types of CD was represented as the odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI).The features of diagnostic indexes were described as the sensitivity and specificity.Results (1) Clinical characteristics of preoperative complications of CD:all the 128 patients had preoperative complications,including 71 with anal fistula or anal fistula combined with perianal abscess,26 with intestinal fistula,24 with intestinal obstruction,23 with abdominal abscess,3 with digestive tract perforation,1 with kidney stone and 1 with hydronephrosis.Of 128 patients,12 had intestinal fistula combined with abdominal abscess,1 had intestinal fistula combined with intestinal obstruction,3 had intestinal fistula combined with abdominal abscess and intestinal obstruction,1 had intestinal fistula combined with digestive tract perforation and 1 had intestinal fistula combined with hydronephrosis.There was a correlation between lesion location of CD and type of complications.Thirty-five of 51 patients had strictures or penetrationtype lesions,with a correlation between strictures or penetration-type lesions and ileal CD [OR =6.23,95％ confidence interval (95％ CI):2.86-13.61,P ＜ 0.05].Fifty-six of 77 patients had anal fistula,showing a correlation between combined anal fistula and colonic lesions of CD (OR =6.40,95％ CI:2.92-14.01,P ＜ 0.05).(2) Diagnostic accuracy of CTE,MRE and MRI of anal tube:with intraoperative exploration findings as the standard,the sensitivity and specificity of surgical complications of CD were 84％ and 95％ through CTE or MRE,and the sensitivity and specificity of anal fistula were 100％ and 100％ through MRI of anal tube.(3) Imaging findings of surgical complications of CD.① Of 71 patients with anal fistula,65 had 2 or more internal openings or fistula tract of complex anal fistula.The internal opening was a starting point of the fistula tract,and enhanced scans of MRI displayed punctate,shredded or small round abnormal strengthening signals between under mucous membrane of the anal canal and sphincter.The tubular and striped fistula tract was horizontal or vertical distribution,with a lightly high-high signal on T2 weighted-images (WI).The results of enhanced scans of MRI showed that there was an obvious homogeneous enhancement in the fistula tract or enhancement in the fistula tract wall,and no enhancement in the cavity of fistula tract.MRI findings in 38 patients combined with perianal abscess included a obvious high-signal on T2WI,and enhanced scans of MRI showed circular enhancement and no internal enhancement.② Of 26 patients with intestinal fistula,17 had intestinal fistula,imaging findings included multiple thickened intestinal walls and more obvious enhancement compared with normal intestinal canal.There was gathering and adhesions among intestinal canals,showing mash connections and petal-like changes.Fourteen patients had enterocutaneous fistula (6 combined with intestinal fistula and 1 patient combined with intestinal fistula and intestine-bladder fistula).Four patients had intestine-bladder fistula (2 combined with intestinal fistula and 1 combined with intestinal fistula and enterocutaneous fistula).One patient had intestine-vagina fistula.The results of CTE and MRE examinations showed that thickened intestinal canals and intestinal walls in the lesions,and shadows of intestinal canals communicated with the abdominal,bladder wall and vagina,with a high signal on T2WI and enhancement of intestinal wall by enhanced scan.The partial intestinal canals were physically close to other organs,without a connection between them,and anomalous enhancement or local pneumatosis among the adjacent organs were detected.③ CTE findings of intestinal obstruction included constriction of intestinal canal combined with dilatation of proximal intestinal canal.There were 3 enhancement methods of thickened intestinal wall in 24 patients with intestine obstruction.Imaging findings of 12 patients included enhancement in the intestinal mucosa and no enhancement in the submucosa and muscularis mucosa.Imaging findings of 4 patients included enhancement of intestinal mucosa and muscularis mucosa and no enhancement in the submucosa.Imaging findings of 8 patients included homogenous and heterogeneous enhancements in the intestinal walls.④ Twentythree patients were complicated with abdominal abscess,including 15 combined with intestine fistula.The scans of CTE showed that there was a round-like or oval mass in the abdomen,with a high signal on T2WI,fluid-dominated inflammatory exudation around the mesentery,the enhancement of annular wall of mesentery and no enhancement of pus within the mesentery.⑤ Three patients were combined with digestive tract perforation,including 1 combined with intestine fistula.CTE and X-ray detections showed there was a shadow of free gas in the intestinal mesentery and under abdominal diaphragm.⑥ Two patients were combined with kidney stone and hydronephrosis.X-ray findings of kidney stone included the deposition of multiple and sharp-edged dense shadows within the renal calices.CTE findings of hydronephrosis included inflammatory thickening of ureteric wall with proximal ureter dilatation.(4) Treatment and follow-up situations:128 patients underwent successful operation and were followed up for 4-27 months.Of 10 patients undergoing reoperations due to postoperative complications,MRI detection of 7 patients with recurrence of anal fistula showed fistula tract or abscess located at the previous loci was incompletely healed or progressed,morphous and location of lesions were roughly the same as the preoperative situations.The scans of CTE in 2 patients with anastomotic stricture showed that there were the thickening of intestinal wall and obstruction and dilatation at the proximal anastomotic-site.The enhanced scan of CTE in 1 patient with anastomotic fistula showed that there were irregularly cavity-like lesion beside the metal anastomotic ring,and effusion was seen within the lesions,with an edge enhancement.The other 118 patients recovered well without intestinal fistula or intestinal obstruction on CTE or MRE examination.Conclusions Anal fistula is the most common surgical complication of CD,and intestinal fistula,intestinal obstruction and abdominal abscess are also relatively common.The early postoperative complications consist of the recurrence of anal fistula.Location of lesions in CD is associated with the type of complications.CTE or MRE and anal MRI findings have different imaging characteristics for CD combined with different complications,with a certain value in the assessment of abdominal and perianal complications.

Objective To construct a novel tissue?engineered bone matrix gelatin (BMG)/poly[butylene succinate?co?tere?phthalate] (PBST) biphasic scaffold for annulus fibrosus. Methods The PBST spinning fibers were prepared by electrospinning and the porosity and water absorption rate were tested. Rabbit annulus fibrosus cells were isolated, cultured and identified through SafraninOstaining, and collagenⅡimmunohistochemical staining in vitro. And then annulus fibrosus cells were implanted on the PBST fiber, whose growth situation was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Then the BMG/PBST biphasic scaf?fold was constructed by BMG as the outer annular fibrosus and PBST fiber as the inner annular fibrosus. The annulus fibrosus cells were implanted on the biphasic scafflod and cultured for 3, 7 and 21 days in vitro. The biomechanical and biological property was observed at the predetermined time point. Results The porosity of the fiber was 61.83%±7.33%and its water absorption rate was 297.34%± 57.13%. The identified result of annulus fibrosus cells were positive, suggesting that the cells have still kept their annulus fibrosus cells characteristics. The cells growth could be observed through SEM at 3rd and 7th day after implanted on the fi?bers. After cultured on the BMG/PBST scaffold, HE staining proved that the cells could ingress into the inner of fiber with time. SafraninOstaining and collagenⅡimmunohistochemical staining proved that the cells can secreted abundant proteoglycan and collagenⅡ, the special annulus fibrosus cell extracellular matrix. Compared with the BMG/PBST scaffold without cells, the elastic modulus of biphasic scaffold was increased from 14.83±1.02 MPa to 17.56±1.47 MPa after cultured with cells for 21 days in vitro. Conclusion The novel tissue?engineered biphasic scaffold for annulus fibrosus constructed with BMG and PBST fiber spinning has good cytocompatibility and biomechanical characteristics, which provide a basis for the complete tissue engineered interverte?bral disc.

To investigate the expression of vaginal IL-23 and its role in experimental murine vaginal candidiasis and its relationship with infection and immune status, immuno-competent (group A) and immuno-suppressed (group B) murine models of vaginal candidiasis were established in estrogen-treated mice. Non-estrogen-treated mice were used as controls (group C). The level of IL-23 p19 mRNA in murine vaginal tissue was determined by RT-PCR. Significantly increased levels of IL-23p19mRNA were observed on the 4th, the 7th and 14th day after inoculation in immuno-competent group when compared with that in control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). However, significant increase of IL-23 p19mRNA were only observed on the 7th day and the 14th day after inoculatuon in immuno-suppressed groups (P<0.05). On the 4th and 7th day, the levels of IL-23 p19mRNA were significantly increased in immuno-competent group than those in immuno-suppressed group (P <0.05). Local IL-23 may play a role in the pathogenesis of murine vaginal candidiasis and has a protective function during infection. Low vaginal IL-23 level may correlate with the increased susceptibility to Candida albicans in immuno-suppressed group.

Objective To study the correlation of human cytomegalovirus infection with carotid atherosclerosis.Methods A total of 120 patients with carotid atherosclerosis and 140 healthy control patients were recruited for HCMV-PP65 antigen detection and Ultrasound examination.Results In carotid atherosclerosis and healthy patients,58.20％(71 cases)and 6.43％(9 cases)of the subjects were positive for HCMV-PP65 antigen(x2 =32.98,P ＜ 0.05).In carotid atherosclerosis group,69.01％(49 cases)of the patients with positive HCMV-PP65 antigen had instable plaques,while it was 47.06％(24 cases)in the patients with negative HCMV-PP65 antigen.The difference in the positivity of HCMV-PP65 between the two groups were significant(x2 =8.22,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Active infection of HCMV may be associated with Carotid Atherosclerosis and the plaques will be more instable.

Objective To fabricate a novel tissue-engineered cartilage with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) seeded on the chitosan hydrogel scaffold to repair articular cartilage defect.Methods Adipose tissue and costal cartilage were harvested from New Zealand rabbits,and ADSCs in passage one and chondrocytes were obtained after the samples were digested and cultured in vitro.ADSCs were digested,suspended,seeded onto the sterile chitosan gel,and cultured in vitro for 1 week to fabricate the tissue-engineered cartilage.The defects were respectively filled with the tissue-engineered cartilage (composite group),chondrocyte suspension (cell group),chitosan gel (material group) and nothing at all (control group).At postoperative 12 weeks,cartilage repair was evaluated using the gross examination,histological staining,immunohistochemical staining and international cartilage repair society (ICRS) histological score.Results Effect of cartilage repair in composite group was significantly better compared to other groups.The regenerated tissue in composite group seemed tightly bound in normal tissue,with similar structure and extracellular matrix secretion.ICRS histological score in composite group was (13.89 ± 0.14) points,which differed significantly from (7.06 ± 0.19) points in control group,(7.14 ± 0.22) points in cell group and (7.46 ± 0.26) points in material group (P ＜0.01).Conclusion The tissue-engineered cartilage with ADSCs seeded onto the chitosan hydrogel is effective for repair of articular cartilage defect.

Objective To explore the relationship between ileocolonic lesions and perianal fistulas of Crohn's disease as sessed by CT enterography (CTE).Methods Totally 28 patients with initial diagnosis of active ileocolonic lesions of Crohn 's disease were collected,16 with perianal fistula and 11 without perianal fistulas.All patients underwent CTE and pelvic MRI.Total number of lesions,minimum length between every two lesions in colon wall and maximum length of colonic le sions were calculated.The rank sum test was performed respectively.Results Lesions of 14 patients (14/16,87.50％) in perianal fistulas group located in left colon or rectum,while lesions of 6 patients (6/12,50.00 ％) in non-perianal fistulas group located in left colon or rectum,the difference was statistically significant (Z=-2.135,P＜0.05).The mean number of lesions in patients with perianal fistulas was 3.06,while in patients without perianal fistulas was 2.91,there was no statistical difference (P＞0.05).The maximum length of colonic lesions in patients with perianal fistulas was (12.79± 8.30)cm,while in patients without perianal fistulas was (7.04± 3.09)cm,and there was no statistical difference(P＞ 0.05).The minimum length hetween every two lesions in patients with perianal fistulas was (5.23±2.98)cm,while in pa tients without perianal fistulas was (8.44 ± 2.87) cm,the difference was statistically significant (Z =-2.095,P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Crohn's disease complicated with perianal fistulas has relationship with lesion location and smaller length intervals between two lesions in colon wall,and has no relationship with total number of lesions and maximum length of colon lesions.

Objective:To investigate the changes and clinical significance of gastrin 17 (G-17) in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods:One hundred and twenty-four DN patients admitted to Hefei Second People′s Hospital from July 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the DN group, and divided into Ⅰ-Ⅱstage subgroup (68 cases) and Ⅲ-Ⅴ stage subgroup (56 cases) according to the stage of DN.Inaddition, 100 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) patients without DN were selected as the T2DM group, and 100 healthy subjects who examined during the same period were selected as the control group. The levels of G-17, serum creatinine (SCr), evaluated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and other index in each group were detected. The normal level of G-17 was 1-7 pmol/L. G-17>7 pmol/L and ≤ 15 pmol/L was as marginal rising, and G-17>15 pmol/L was as rising.Results:The marginal rising rate of G-17 in the DN group was higher than that in the T2DM group: 43.5%(54/124) vs. 23.0%(23/100); the rising rate of G-17 in the DN group was higher than that in the T2DM group and the control group: 21.0%(26/124) vs. 7.0%(7/100), 4.0%(4/100), and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The marginal rising rate and rising rate of G-17 in Ⅲ-Ⅴstage subgroup were both higher than those in the Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage subgroup and the T2DM group: 58.9%(33/56) vs. 30.9%(21/68), 23.0%(23/100); 32.1%(18/56) vs. 11.8%(8/68), 7.0%(7/100), and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The marginal rising rate and rising rate of G-17 in DN patients with a disease course of ≥3 years was higher than that in patients with a disease course of <3 years and the T2DM group: 53.0%(44/83) vs. 24.4%(10/41), 23.0%(23/100); 27.7%(23/83) vs. 7.3%(3/41), 7.0%(7/100), and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that G-17 was positively correlated with SCr ( r = 0.367, P<0.001) and negatively correlated with eGFR ( r = -0.619, P<0.001) in DN patients. Conclusions:The level of G-17 in ND patients is significantly increased, which is closely related to DN staging and can provide an auxiliary indicator for screening renal function in patients with T2DM.

To investigate the expression of vaginal IL-23 and its role in experimental murine vaginal candidiasis and its relationship with infection and immune status, immuno-competent (group A) and immuno-suppressed (group B) murine models of vaginal candidiasis were established in estrogentreated mice. Non-estrogen-treated mice were used as controls (group C). The level of IL-23 p19 mRNA in murine vaginal tissue was determined by RT-PCR. Significantly increased levels of IL23p19mRNA were observed on the 4th, the 7th and 14th day after inoculation in immuno-competent group when compared with that in control group (P＜0.01, P＜0.05), However, significant increase of IL-23 p19mRNA were only observed on the 7th day and the 14th day after inoculatuon in immuno-suppressed groups (P＜0.05). On the 4th and 7th day, the levels of IL-23 p19mRNA were significantly increased in immuno-competent group than those in immuno-suppressed group (P ＜0.05). Local IL-23 may play a role in the pathogenesis of murine vaginal candidiasis and has a protective function during infection. Low vaginal IL-23 level may correlate with the increased susceptibility to Candida albicans in immuno-suppressed group.

Estimating taxonomic content constitutes a key problem in metagenomic sequencing data analysis. However, extracting such content from high-throughput data of next-generation sequencing is very time-consuming with the currently available software. Here, we present CloudLCA, a parallel LCA algorithm that significantly improves the efficiency of determining taxonomic composition in metagenomic data analysis. Results show that CloudLCA (1) has a running time nearly linear with the increase of dataset magnitude, (2) displays linear speedup as the number of processors grows, especially for large datasets, and (3) reaches a speed of nearly 215 million reads each minute on a cluster with ten thin nodes. In comparison with MEGAN, a well-known metagenome analyzer, the speed of CloudLCA is up to 5 more times faster, and its peak memory usage is approximately 18.5% that of MEGAN, running on a fat node. CloudLCA can be run on one multiprocessor node or a cluster. It is expected to be part of MEGAN to accelerate analyzing reads, with the same output generated as MEGAN, which can be import into MEGAN in a direct way to finish the following analysis. Moreover, CloudLCA is a universal solution for finding the lowest common ancestor, and it can be applied in other fields requiring an LCA algorithm.
Algorithms ; Databases, Genetic ; Metagenomics ; Search Engine ; User-Computer Interface

Objective To explore the effect of cannabinoid receptor 2(CB2)on orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)rate and periodontal tissue reconstruction of pressure area in mice.Methods Thirty CB2-/-male mice and thirty littermate control WT male mice were individually accepted the orthodontic appliance at their age of 6 weeks.The mice were respectively scarified at 3 days,7 days,14 days and 21 days after the operation.Then the tooth movement distance was examined through the stereomicroscope.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to explore the biological responses of periodontium at the distal mesial root pressure area.Anti-tartrate acid phospha-tase staining was performed to calculate the number and distribution of osteoclasts at the distal mesial root pressure area,and MMP-9 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry to examine the number of MMP-9(+)monocytes and multinucleated cells in the same district as the TRAP staining.Results Compared with those WT mice at 3,7,14 and 21 days,OTM distance showed a gradual increased tendency according with experimental time over 21 days.The widths of periodontal ligament on the pressure side were markedly greater in CB2-/-mice than WT mice at 7,14 and 21 days(P＜0.000 1).The numbers of TRAP positive osteoclasts were significantly greater in CB2-/-mice than those in WT mice at 14 days of OTM(P＜0.001).MMP-9 immunohistochemical staining showed that the number of MMP-9(+)monocytes and multinucleated cells was more in CB2-/-mice than that in WT mice at 14 days of OTM(P＜0.05).Conclusion The absence of CB2 accelerates orthodontic tooth movement under or-thodontic force.The absence of CB2 reinforces bone resorption in orthodontic tooth movement compressive area dur-ing orthodontic tooth movement.