The effects of Spirulina on intestinal microflora of diarrhea model mice were observed.Diarrhea model mice were geted by gastric perfusion ampicillin,then these mice were given different doses spirulina by gavage.Selective culture media were used to culture bifidobacteria,bacterium lacticum,enteric bacilli,enterococci,bacteroid,clostridium perfringens in feces at different times.In order to find the difference of collecting samples from feces and intestine,the quantity of detection flora in different segment of intestine were compared too.The result showed that in middle dose group and high dose group spirulina can regulate and improve intestinal flora of diarrhea model mice,and effectively shorten time from disturbance to balance.Fecal sample and intestinal contents sample both manifest a same trend,that is the quantity of bifidobacteria,bacterium lacticum in treatment recovery group is significantly higher than saline group,and enteric bacilli,enterococci,bacteroid,clostridium perfringens is significantly lower than saline group,but each index flora in intestinal contents sample has a significant difference in quantity.

ObjectiveTo observe the projections from respiratory neurons of medulla oblongata to the motor neuron pool of phrenic nerve in rat. MethodsBy using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde tracing technique after injecting HRP into phrenic nerve, retrograde labelled neurons were found in C3-C5 segment. Then, HRP was injected into the area where the phrenic motor neurons occupied, retrograde labelled neurons were found in medulla oblongata. ResultsPhrenic motor neurons locate in the C3-C5 segment ipsilaterally, occuping the intermediate portion of anterior horn and appearing typical motor neurons. Retrograde labelled neurons were found bilaterally in medulla oblongata, the neurons were located in nucleus retroambigualis (RNA), ventramedial area to nucleus retrofacialis (NRF). ConclusionThe phrenic motor neurons may receive direct projection of respiratory neuron in medulla oblongata, the projecting neurons are distributed in RNA and NRF area.

Objective To investigate the effect of telmisartan on the oxidative stress induced by high glucose in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) in vitro.Methods HUVEC were cocultured with telmisartan (1?10~(-6) mol/L) and various concentration of glucose(5,30 mmol/L) for 0,12,24,36,48 h respectively. The level of MDA in the supernatants of cultured endothelial cells was measured by thiobarbituric acid test,SOD was determined by xanthine oxidase test.The protein expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors ? (PPAR-?) in HUVEC 24 h was assessed by Western blot after treatments.Results High glucose significantly increase the levels of MDA (before:1.2?0.06 vs after:1.6?0.1 mmol/mL,P

Fourteen psychrotrophic bacteria were isolated from swamp soil collected in Ruoergai plateau wetland,and their generation time and degrading ability of livestock wastewater CODcr was determined.The results showed that the generation time was within 4.9 h to 11.6 h.Based on the generation time,9 psychro-trophic strains(NLJ1,NLJ6,NLJ7,NLJ9,NLJ10,NLJ11,NLJ12,NLJ13 and NLJ14),whose generation time was within 4.9 h to 5.6 h,were chosen to treat livestock wastewater.The results suggested that these 9 strains had different CODcr disposal ability when treating livestock wastewater singly at 6?C for 6 h,and strains NLJ6,NLJ7,NLJ9,NLJ10,NLJ11 and NLJ13 had good ability to degrade livestock wastewater,the CODcr degrading rate was about 60%~70%,hence,they were used as high efficient strains;However,the CODcr degrading rate of the other strains was less than 50%.After inoculating mixture culture of these six strains into the distilled livestock wastewater,after 6 h's treating,the CODcr degrading rate reached to 85.42%.Furthermore,activated sludge collected from Yaan,Dujiangyan and Chengdu were inoculated by the mixture culture of those six strains,and used to treat livestock wastewater for 6 h.The results showed that the average CODcr degrading rate was 81.67%,76.32% and 70.56%,respectively;Variance analysis showed that there was no significant differentiation between each treatment,which revealed that those six psychrotrophic strains had good adaptability to different source of activated sludge.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of endotoxin receptor expression in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).

METHODSHSCs were isolated from normal rats and the expression of endotoxin receptors on quiet HSCs and in vitro activated HSCs was determined using RT-PCR and immunocytochemical staining methods. A rat model of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis was established. The expressions of CD14 and alpha-SMA in liver tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSFreshly isolated HSCs had a low level of CD14 mRNA expression and no expression of TLR4 mRNA was detected. The in vitro activated HSCs had increased expressions of CD14 mRNA and TLR4 mRNA and LPS up-regulated the expression of endotoxin receptors. Immunocytochemical staining showed cytoplasmic and nucleolus staining for CD14 in the cultured HSCs. LPS played a further role on CD14 protein expression. In the development of liver fibrosis, the number of CD14-positive cells in the livers was increased and these cells were distributed along the sinusoids. In the later stage of liver fibrosis, the CD14-positive cells were gathered in the fibrotic septae, which also contained alpha-SMA positive cells.

CONCLUSIONThe activated HSCs expressed endotoxin receptors. The endotoxin receptors may be involved in the role in which HSCs played in the inflammatory process and liver fibrosis development.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Immunologic ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical and radiographic results and influencing factors of hybrid total hip arthroplasty (THA).

METHODSTotally 126 patients (135 hips) from January 1999 to December 2001 accepted hybrid THA were followed up. Components migration, periprosthetic bone changes, the polyethylene wear rate were measured radiologically. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the survival of the acetabular and femoral components. End point was obvious radiological loosening or revision either or both of the acetabular and femoral components for aseptic loosening, infection or osteolysis debridement surgery.

RESULTSA total of 79 cases (85 hips) had been given follow-up. Using revision as the end point, the survival rate of acetabular was 95.2%, cemented femoral components was 98.8%. Using loosening as the end point for failure, the survival rate of acetabular was 97.6%, cemented femoral components was 100%.

CONCLUSIONSThe hybrid total hip prosthesis long-term survival rate was satisfactory, especially in the femoral side. As a result of third-cement technology, the long-term survival rate of the femoral components was close to the modern cementless prosthesis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical application of susceptibility-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (SWAN) in lacunar cerebral infarction imaging.

METHODSForty-two cases of lacunar cerebral infarction, including 18 complicated by high blood pressure, 4 by type 2 diabetes and 12 by both high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes, underwent examinations with SWAN and conventional MRI sequences (including GRE sequence T(1) and T(2), T(2) gradient echo, T(2) FLAIR, DWI). The imaging data were analyzed in comparison with the clinical data of the patients.

RESULTSIn 23 patients with lacunar cerebral infarction, intracerebral micro-hemorrhage displayed point-like, round and oval low signal on SWAN. A total of 123 lesions were identified, distributing from the cortical, subcortical, basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem to the cerebellum. The conventional sequences were more sensitive in detecting the majority of lacunar cerebral infarction than SWAN, while the latter showed better performance in displaying cerebral micro-hemorrhage, tiny blood vessels and small vascular malformations as well as other small vascular diseases. SWAN was superior to other sequences in showing lacunar cerebral infarction complicated by cerebral micro-hemorrhages.

CONCLUSIONMRI SWAN can better display lacunar cerebral infarction associated with cerebral micro-hemorrhages and small veins in the infract region. Identification of the micro-hemorrhages in lacunar cerebral infarction can be critical in determining the proper treatments. Patients with lacunar cerebral infarction are likely to have cerebral micro-hemorrhages in close relation to the number of lacunar infarction sites. The cerebral micro-hemorrhages and lacunar cerebral infraction are both signs of micro-vessel damage of the brain.

Aged ; Cerebral Infarction ; classification ; complications ; diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical results of modified Sutherland pelvic osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH).

METHODSSutherland pelvic osteotomy were performed in 10 patients (11 hips) with DDH. Among them, there were 3 male (3 hips) and 7 female (8 hips) patients, aged (32 ± 8) years. During operation, arthroscopes were performed additionally to remove the existing hyperplasia tissue in the fossae ovalis and trimming acetabulum and glenoid labrum, thus to insure the better match between the femoral head and the realigned acetabulum. The change of imaging indexes were acquired by comparing the preoperative X-ray with the postoperative X-ray. The change of hip function and life quality were acknowledged according to contrast and analysis Harris hip score and Short Form 12-items Health Survey (SF-12) before and after osteotomy.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for a mean of (5.2 ± 2.3) years, the osteotomy were all union in 3 months. The acetabular head index was 71 ± 8 before operation, and 86 ± 4 after operation. The pre- and post-operative centre edge angle were (7 ± 9)° and (33 ± 9)°, sharp angle were (48 ± 4)° and (37 ± 5)°, acetabular index angle were (24 ± 8)° and (11 ± 5)° respectively. The average Harris score improved from 42 ± 13 preoperatively to 90 ± 5 postoperatively, with 100% excellent and good results. Every domains of SF-12 was improved in the different extents postoperatively, the improvement of physical component summary was more conspicuous than mental component summary. The imaging indexes, Harris and SF-12 were all improved with significant difference (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe modified Sutherland pelvic osteotomy is effective. It could increase the load bearing capacity of hip, and improve the quality of life.

Adult ; Arthroscopy ; Female ; Hip Dislocation, Congenital ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Pelvic Bones ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between physical and biological effects of alternating magnetic field and study the influence of the magnetic field on the reproductive function of murine testes.

METHODSThirty ICR mice were randomized into 5 groups: normal control, X-ray radiation, weak magnetic field (1000 Hz), 1 h strong magnetic field and 2 h strong magnetic field (2000 Hz). The mice were sacrificed at 7 days after the exposure for the analysis of testicular sperm motility, observation of histopathological changes in the testis by HE staining and evaluation of the changes by modified Johnsen grade criteria.

RESULTSThe rates of sperm motility were (42.37 +/- 10.24)% in the normal control group, (39.00 +/- 12.35)% in the X-ray radiation group, (36.00 +/- 17.28)% in the weak magnetic field group, (10.72 +/- 5.67)% in the 1 h strong magnetic field group and (4.44 +/- 2.87)% in the 2 h strong magnetic field group, respectively. Johnsen's scores decreased and the testis damage increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONMagnetic field, either strong or weak, may damage the testis function by inducing injury to seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells, thickening of the basal membrane, derangement, exfoliation, massive apoptosis and necrosis of spermatogenic cells in the lumen, situation of the epididymis, and consequently the absence of sperm.

Animals ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Leydig Cells ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Sperm Motility ; Testis ; cytology ; pathology ; radiation effects

Objective To observe the clinical application of all seeing needle system system in diagnosis and treatment of patients with hematospermia. Methods From May 2015 to September 2016, 22 patients with hemospermia were treated with seminal vesiculoscopy and seminal vesicle lithotripsy by using a all seeing needle system instead of traditional seminal vesicle. Results All the patients were successfully found the seminal vesicle gland and successfully entered the seminal vesicle gland, 16 cases had chronic inflammation of the seminal vesicle, dilute iodine rinse, 6 cases of seminal vesicle, holmium laser lithotripsy, stone basket to remove. The average operation time was (15.7 ± 6.2) min. The catheterization was performed the next day after operation. The average hospital stay was 2 d. After follow-up for 3 to 6 months, 20 patients had disappeared (90.9％). No complication was found Disease and long-term complications. Conclusion The all seeing needle system can replace the traditional seminal vesicle for the operation of seminal vesicle. The puncture system is short, directional and maneuverable. It has advantages of short operation time, simple operation, easy to master and no complications.