The fermentation of ?-mannanase from an alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. has been studied in 16L tank. The optimum ventilation quantity and agitation speed were 1:1 vvm and 500r/min respectively. The fermentation cycle was 40 h and the highest ?- mannanase activity was 300 u/ml.

Objective: To understand and compare the differences in help-seeking behavior among junior high school students and senior high school students and their association with non-suicidal self-injury to provide a basis for the prevention and control of non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students. Methods: Three middle schools in Nanchang were selected,and the survey were conducted among 4 434 students through the General Situation Questionnaire, the Ottawa Self-injury Judgment Entry, and the Middle School Students Help Seeking Behavior Questionnaire, and SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The NSSI detection rate among middle school students was 33.3% , and junior high school students detection rate(36.0%) were higher than high school students(29.6%) (χ 2=19.41，P<0.01). Differences in willingness to ask for help, asking for help from family and teachers, and talking face-to-face for help were statistically significant (all P<0.01) among NSSI participants and non-NSSI participants, for both junior high school and high school students. Females (OR=1.45), class cadres (OR=1.26), urban household registration (OR=1.45), frequent scolding by elders (OR=1.98) and a high academic burden (OR=1.39) all possible increased the risk of NSSI in junior high school students, while assistance to family members (OR=0.95) or teachers (OR=0.95) possible reduced the risk of NSSI in junior high school students. Females (OR=1.50), class cadres (OR=1.34), only children (OR=1.45), fathers with college education and above (compared to junior high school and below) (OR=1.56), frequent scolding by elders (OR=2.08), frequent corporal punishment from elders (OR=4.12) and high academic burden (OR=1.38) possibly increased the risk of NSSI among high school students, while willingness to ask for help (OR=0.82), asking for help from family (OR=0.95) and teachers (OR=0.96) possible reduced the risk of NSSI among high school students. Conclusion There are some differences in help-seeking behavior between junior and high school students, and school and parents should actively focus on middle school students help-seeking behavior and encourage them to seek help.

BACKGROUND:Titanium and its alloys are widely used in orthopedic implants due to their excellent biocompatibility,corrosion resistance,and mechanical properties.However,it has biological inertia itself,cannot provide a good growth environment for osteoblasts,and it is difficult to form good osseointegration. OBJECTIVE:To construct a composite hydrogel material of gelatin methacryloyl and polyacrylamide on the surface of titanium alloy scaffold,and analyze its osteogenic ability in vitro. METHODS:Gelatin methacryloyl was mixed with acrylamide.Crosslinking agent and catalyst were added to synthesize gelatin methacryloyl and acrylamide(Gelma-PAAM)composite hydrogel.The titanium alloy scaffold modified by affinity silane was mixed with the Gelma hydrogel and Gelma-PAAM composite hydrogel to complete the loading(recorded as Ti-Gelma and Ti-Gelma-PAAM,respectively).The swelling ratio and degradation rate of the two hydrogels on the surface of the scaffold were compared.The bonding state between hydrogels and titanium alloy was observed by scanning electron microscope.Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were inoculated into Ti,Ti-Gelma and Ti-Gelma-PAAM scaffolds,separately.Cell proliferation,adhesion,and osteogenic differentiation were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with Gelma hydrogel,Gelma-PAAM hydrogel had higher swelling rate and lower degradation rate.(2)Scanning electron microscope showed that the surface of the two kinds of hydrogels was honeycomb structure.After being combined with porous titanium alloy scaffold,the film was wrapped on the surface of scaffold and filled with pores.Among them,the Gelma-PAAM composite hydrogel coated the scaffold more fully.(3)CCK-8 assay and live/dead fluorescence staining showed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells proliferated well after coculture with Ti-Gelma and Ti-Gelma-PAAM scaffolds and maintained high activity.After osteogenic induction culture,alkaline phosphatase activity,calcium deposition,and osteogenic gene expression of cells of titanium alloy scaffold group were the lowest,and alkaline phosphatase activity,calcium deposition,and osteogenic gene expression of cells of Ti-Gelma-PAAM scaffold group were the highest.(4)Phalloidin cytoskeletal staining exhibited that the cells of pure titanium alloy scaffold group and Ti-Gelma scaffold group were sparse and insufficiently extended,while the cells of Ti-Gelatin-PAAM group had the most adequate stretching and the densest filamentous actin.(5)The results show that Gelma-PAAM hydrogel has good biocompatibility and osteogenic ability,and is more suitable for osteogenic modification on the surface of titanium alloy than Gelma hydrogel.

BACKGROUND:The low catalytic activity and lack of targeting of commonly used metal ions have severely limited the clinical application of chemodynamic therapy in tumor treatment.On the other hand,although the composite nanoplatforms are endowed with tumor-targeting functions by surface functionalization,the lack of tumor microenvironment acidity also severely weakens the efficacy of chemodynamic therapy. OBJECTIVE:To prepare novel composite nanoplatforms and assess their feasibility to enhance the effects of chemodynamic therapy at the cellular level. METHODS:SLC-0111-loaded zeolite imidazole framework-8 doped with divalent iron ions(Fe2+)and divalent cobalt ions(Co2+)(Fe-Co/ZIF-8@SLC-0111)was synthesized by ion-exchange reaction and self-assembly,and loaded with hyaluronic acid(HA)by electrostatic adsorption,followed by obtaining the target nanoparticles Fe-Co/ZIF-8@SLC-0111-HA(abbreviated as FC-S).Meanwhile,nanoparticles Fe-Co/ZIF-8-HA(abbreviated as FC)without SLC-0111 were synthesized by the same method.The nanocomposite platform was tested for particle size,zeta potential,surface morphology,in vitro reactive oxygen species generation,and ability to consume glutathione.Human osteosarcoma cell MG-63 and mouse fibroblast cell L929 were used as experimental subjects.The cytotoxicity of FC-S was detected by CCK-8 assay.Human osteosarcoma cell MG-63 was used as the experimental object to detect the cell internalization of FC-S.In addition to H2O2,the effects of FC-S and FC on intracellular pH,carbonic anhydrase 9 protein expression,cell viability and apoptosis,intracellular reactive oxygen species and glutathione content,and mitochondrial membrane potential were investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The FC-S composite nanoplatform was successfully prepared with a well-defined rhombic dodecahedral structure,uniform size and good dispersion.Its particle size was about 323 nm;zeta potential was about-11.1 mV,and the nanoplatform had a certain reactive oxygen species generation capacity in vitro.(2)FC-S nanoplatforms accumulated intracellularly in a time-dependent manner and could successfully escape from lysosomes.When the mass concentration of FC-S was≤20 μg/mL,there was no obvious cytotoxicity to MG-63 cells and L929 cells,and 20 μg/mL FC-S was selected to act on MG-63 cells in subsequent experiments.(3)Compared with FC group,the protein expression of carbonic anhydrase 9 in MG-63 cells in FC-S group was decreased(P<0.01);the intracellular acidic environment was enhanced;the content of reactive oxygen species was increased(P<0.001);the mitochondrial damage was aggravated;the number of dead cells was increased,and the apoptosis rate was increased(P<0.001).(4)The results indicate that FC-S,as a novel composite nanoplatform,can effectively improve the weakly acidic microenvironment in tumor cells and enhance the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species production,thus enhancing the efficacy of chemodynamic therapy.

Objective: To construct a nonsuicidal selfinjury (NSSI) risk prediction model for middle school students using different machine learning algorithms and evaluate the models effectiveness, so as to provide guidance for the prevention and control of NSSI in campus. Methods: In March 2023, a total of 3 372 middle and high school students from schools in Nanchang, Fuzhou and Shangrao cities in Jiangxi Province were selected by combining stratified random cluster sampling and convenient sampling methods. Questionnaire surveys were conducted using various instruments including general information questionnaire, Selfesteem Scale, Ottawa Selfinjury Scale, Social Support Assessment Scale, Chinese Version of the Olweus Bullying Questionnaire, Event Attribution Style Scale, Adolescent Resilience Scale, and Adolescent Life Events Scale. Data were divided into training set (n=2 361) and test set (n=1 011) at a ratio of 7∶3, and variables were selected based on univariate and LASSO regression results. Four machine learning algorithms including namely random forest, support vector machine, Logistic regression and XGBoost, were used to construct NSSI risk prediction models, and the models performance was evaluated and compared using metrics including area under curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and F1 score. Results: The detection rate of NSSI among middle school students was 34.4%. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in NSSI detection rates among middle school students of different grades, genders, registered residence locations, whether they were class cadres and four types of bullying (physical, verbal, relational bullying and cyberbullying) (χ2=27.17, 15.81, 11.54, 4.63；68.22, 140.63, 77.81, 13.95, P<0.05). NSSI was included as the dependent variable in the LASSO regression model for variable screening, and the results regression identified 10 predictive variables including grade level, selfesteem, subjective support, support utilization, verbal bullying, emotional control, interpersonal relationships, punishment, loss of relatives and property, and health and adaptation issues. The AUC values of random forest, support vector machine, Logistic regression, and XGBoost algorithms were 0.76, 0.76, 0.76 and 0.77, respectively, with no statistically significant differences between pairwise comparisons (Z=-0.59-0.82, P>0.05). Sensitivity values were 0.62, 0.61, 0.62 and 0.61, respectively. Specificity values were 0.74, 0.78, 0.78 and 0.78, respectively. Positive predictive values were 0.56, 0.59, 0.60 and 0.59, respectively. Negative predictive values were 0.79, 0.79, 0.80 and 0.79, respectively. F1 scores were 0.59, 0.60, 0.61 and 0.60, respectively. Conclusions All four nonsuicidal selfinjury risk prediction models perform well, with the Logistic regression model slightly outperforming the others. Schools and parents should pay attention to the predictive factors corresponding to NSSI, so as to reduce the occurrence of NSSI among middle school students.

Objective:To create AAPM TG 119 test plans for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in order to evaluate the accuracy of the United Imaging Healthcare′s URT treatment planning system (URT-TPS). The plans were delivered to the phantom using the United Imaging Healthcare′s URT-Linac 506C.Methods:The overall accuracy of IMRT and VMAT planning, measurement, and analysis were evaluated for four test geometries provided by American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group Report 119(TG-119) on multi-target, prostate, head and neck and C-shape (easy). The dose distributions were measured in the coronal plane. The point measurements were measured by a Farmer type ion chamber and fluence measurements were completed with film and Delta4 phantom, respectively. Measured planar dose distributions were analyzed using gamma index with criteria 3%/3 mm.Results:For IMRT and VMAT plans, the planning results matched the TG-119 planning results. Measured point doses of IMRT and VMAT were within 2.62% and 3.90% of the planned doses, respectively. Measured film dosimetry gamma values of IMRT and VMAT were> 97.50% and> 93.27%, respectively.Conclusion:Based on these analyses which were performed in line with the TG119 recommendations, it is evident that the URT treatment planning system and URT-Linac 506C have commissioned IMRT and VMAT techniques with adequate accuracy.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical expression of P504s,E-cadherin,erythroblast transformation-specific related gene(ERG)and estrogen receptor(ER)in prostate adenocarcinoma in Tibet.Methods The clinical data of 15 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma diagnosed by the Department of Pathology of Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital from September 2013 to September 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were assigned to prognostic grade groups based on Gleason score according to the WHO 2016 criteria.Immunostaining of P504s,E-cadherin,ERG,and ER was performed.Results The age of all 15 patients ranged from 61 to 86 years.The serum prostate specific antigen(PSA)concentration was ≥20 ng/ml in 12 patients and<20 ng/ml in 3 patients.Among the 15 patients,11 underwent needle biopsy,1 transurethral resection of the prostate,and 3 radical prostatectomy.Prognostic grouping results revealed 5 cases in grade groups 1-3,4 cases in grade group 4,and 6 cases in grade group 5.Immunohistochemistrically,15 cases(100%)were positive for P504s,E-cadherin and PSA;one case(7%)was positive for ERG;all cases were negative for P63,ER and CK34βE12.Thirteen cases were followed up for 2-48 months,with 2 cases treated with total prostatectomy and 11 cases with non-surgical treatment.Two cases were lost to follow-up. Conclusions Prostate adenocarcinoma is rare relatively in Tibet.The accuracy of diagnosis can be improved by using multiple immunohistochemical markers.The cases of grades 4 and 5 by pathological confirmed are relatively common in Tibet.P504s and E-cadherin are highly expressed in prostate adenocarcinoma patients in Tibet,while ERG presents low expression,ER is unexpressed.
Adenocarcinoma/genetics* ; Cadherins/genetics* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Erythroblasts ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Receptors, Estrogen ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibet ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate