Objective To evaluate the curative effect and indications of medical ozone for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.Methods 10~20 ml(35~45 ug/ml) medical ozone was injected into the lumbar disc percutaneously each case. The patients were followed up for 6~12 months. Results 60 cases (66 lumbar discs) with lumbar disc herniation were treated with the injection of medical ozone. The total effective rate was 96.67% , excellent and good rate was 76%.The efficacy in herniation to be 30% of vertebral canal diameter and lumbardisc bulging group. Conclusion The treatment of lumbar disc herniation with medical ozone is simple,effective and no complications.

Objective To prepare proanthocyanidins/bletilla striata polysaccharide/chitosan microspheres ( PC/BSP/CTS ) and the physic-chemical characterizations were investigated.Methods The PC/BSP/CTS microspheres were prepared by spray drying method.The morphology of PC/BSP/CTS microspheres was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), and its physic-chemical characteristics such as diameters, release in vitro, moisture content, swelling ratio, solid density were studied.ResuIts The PC/BSP/CTS microspheres were successfully prepared by spray drying method, SEM showed that PC/BSP/CTS microspheres had the spherical shape with smooth surfaces.The diameters of microsphere A, B and C were 10~20, 2~15, 10~25μm.The in-vitro release showed that the cumulative release of three kinds of microspheres A, B, C was 25.07 %, 38.83 %and 60.00 % in 24 h, which had no burst release, while with time prolonged to 48 h, the cumulative release was 28.89%, 43.17% and 72.86%, respectively.The results of moisture content, swelling ratio, solid density were 15.35% ~23.51%, 46.50% ~105.80%, 0.375 ~0.496. ConcIusion The PC/BSP/CTS microspheres are successfully prepared by spray drying method which possess good characteristics and sustained-release effect, which would be as a good pulmonary drug delivery system.

Objective To observe the expression of aquaporin-1(AQP1)in rats with acute lung injury induced by radiation,and discuss the protection of Tanreqing for rats with acute lung injury.Methods A total of 20 SD healthy rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups,including the comparison group,the radiation group(0.9％ NaCl 0.2ml),the dexamethasne group(5mg/kg)and the Tanreqing group(0.67ml/kg).Strat intraperitoneal injection one day after radiotherapy,the rats were sacrificed after 7 days.The pathological changes of lung tissues were observed by HE stain.AQP1 expressions in lung tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR test.Results Compared with the radiation group,there was an obvious amelioration in pathological injury of lung tissue in the dexamethasne and Tanreqing groups.AQP1 was increased significantly in comparison group(0.8006±0.05846),but AQP1 was decreased in the radiation group (0.4938±0.03477)(P＜0.05),and AQP1 was increased after the Tanreqing and dexamethasne treatment(0.6492±0.03477,0.6664±0.03251) (P＜0.05).Conclusion Tanreqing may have beneficial effects on radiationinduced lung injury by regulating AQP1 expression in the lungs of rats.

Objective To investigate CT findings of hepatic necrosis and regeneration after liver failure.Methods Five patients with liver failure underwent CT scan before orthotopic liver transplantation.These findings were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with gross specimen and pathologic findings obtained after transplantation.Results Among 5 cases,the CT appearances of liver failure can be divided into 3 types.(1)Massive confluent aggregate foci in 2 patients demonstrated low attenuation and high attenuation as geographical patlerns on CT scans before contrast enhancement.respectively.The histopathological liver changes showed massive necrosis and regencratinn. Regions of necrosis enhanced to attenuation greater than that of normal liver parenchyma in portal-venous phase,the regions of regeneration enhanced to attenuation greater than that of normal liver parenchyma in arterial phase on postcontrast CT images.(2)In 2 patients,diffuse nodules of liver demonstrated high attenuation on plain CT scans,which was nodular necrosis and nodular regeneration pathologically.All enhanced to attenuation greater than that of normal liver parenchyma in arterial phase.The former showed hypointensity in portal-venous phase and equilibrium phase.The latter enhanced to attenuation equal to that of normal liver parenchyma in portalvenous phase and equilibrium phase on postcontrast CT images.(3)Multiple small foci in 1 case demonstrated low attenuatiun on precontrast CT images and enhanced to hyperintensity in portal-venous phase and isointensity in arterial phase and equilibrium phase on postcontrast CT images.The histopathological liver changes showed multiple necrosis.Conclusion Liver failure may reveal characteristic imaging patterns at CT.

Objective ① To investigate the level of the vitamin D endocrine system in peripheral relationships with bone mineral density (BMD) and the disease activity respectively. Methods The level of the 25-hydroxylate vitamin D3 (25OHD3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)D3] in plasma from 43 SLE patients and 44 normal controls were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene expression was determinied by real-time PCR in peripheral blood. BMD measurements in the lumbar spine (L1-4) and left proximal femur (femoral neck) were performed using dual X-ray absorptiometry before treatment. The relationship between the vitamin D endocrine system and the bone mass were studied. We also discussed the relationship between the vitamin D endocrine system and the disease activity. Results The levels of 25OHD3 and 1,25 (OH)2D3 were lower in the initial SLE patients than normal controls (P<0.01, P<0.01). The expressions of VDR gene were significantly increased in initial SLE compared with normal controls (P<0.01). The initial SLE patients had significantly lower BMD values, and higher frequency of osteopenia (35%) at both sites of measurement compared with matched healthy controls (P<0.01). The initial SLE patients were divided into two groups by BMD, abnormal group and normal group. There were no differences in 25OHD3, 1,25 (OH)D3 and VDR gene expression (P0.05). There was no correlation between the vitamin D endocrine system and BMD in initial SLE patients. There was no correlation between the vitamin D endocrine system and the disease activity either. Conclusion Vitamin D endocrine system may play an important role in SLE, but the level of VDR gene is not correlated with BMD and disease activity.

Objective To investigate the effects of lentiviral-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) targeting tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF)-αgene on the expression of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 of murine macrophages RAW264.7, and the efficiency of RNAi experimental gene therapy for the murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Methods The RAW264.7 macrophages were infected by lentivirus-RNAi particles, then stimulated by Lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 expression of RAW264.7 macrophages were measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CIA models were esta-blished in DBA/1 mice using bovine type Ⅱ collagen. The treatment effect of lentivirus-RNAi on CIA were observed through arthritis scores, serum TNF-α measurement and hind paw paraffin section hematoxylin/eosin staining after lentivirus-RNAi particles tail vein injection. Results The TNF-αmRNA relative expression level of lentiviral RNAi group was 0.291 ±0.021, significantly lower than that of negative control group 0.925±0.013 (t=25.4, P<0.01). The inhibition rate in mRNA levels was 68.5%. The serum TNF-α level of lentiviral RNAi group was [(249 ±11) ng/ml], significantly lower than that of negative control [(382±6) ng/ml] (t=10.31, P<0.05). The inhibition rate of protein levels was 34.7%. It had no effect on the IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression. On the 8th day after systemic administration, the arthritis score of lentivirus-RNAi group was 2.50±0.19, which was significantly lower than that of blank controls (3.63 ±0.18) and negative controls (3.75 ±0.16) (F=42.8, P<0.01). From now on, arthritis score of lentivirus-RNAi group and positive control decreased slowly to at least 2 weeks after treatment induction. The serum TNF-α levels of lentivirus-RNAi group and positive controls were [(35±6) pg/ml] and [(32±7) pg/ml] significantly lower than that of negative controls [(47±3) pg/ml] (t=3.03, 4.11, P<0.01) respectively. Morphological examination showed that the lentivirus-RNAi decreased CIA pathological manifestations. Conclusion Lentiviral-mediated RNAi targeting murine TNF-α gene can effectively inhibit TNF-α expression both in vitro and in vivo, which also effectively improve the CIA arthritis score. Lentiviral-mediated RNAi targeting TNF-αgene provides a potential strategy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment.

Current occupational health and occupational medicine teaching content focused on the detection of harmful factors,and more belonged to validation experiments.Closed-end management of experimental teaching,experimental report-based performance evaluation methods and single model of teaching methods reduced the students' study interesting,lack of problem-solving abilities.Therefore,it is necessary to optimize the experimental curriculum,adopt an open experimental teaching,build a reasonable experimental evaluation system and promote the diversification of teaching model.

AIM: To study the protective effect of puerarin on the atherosclerosis of RAW264.7-derived foam cells.METHODS: The model of foam cells was established by incubating the RAW264.7 cells with ox-LDL.The choles-terol uptake was evaluated by a DiI-ox-LDL binding assay.The ability of cholesterol efflux of the RAW264.7-derived foam cells was detected by cholesterol efflux assay.The protein levels of LC3II, P62, CD36, ABCA1, LAL and p-AMPK were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: Puerarin treatment reduced the cholesterol uptake capacity and enhanced the cho-lesterol efflux rate.The protein levels of LC3II, ABCA1 and LAL in puerarin group were higher than that in ox-LDL group, while the protein levels of P62 and CD36 were obviously decreased, and those in rapamycin treatment group had the same change as puerarin group.The protein levels of LC3II, ABCA1 and LAL were obviously decreased and the protein level of p-AMPK was increased after co-treated with 3-MA.CONCLUSION: Puerarin promotes LAL and ABCA1-mediated cho-lesterol efflux in ox-LDL-treated RAW264.7 macrophages, which might enhance autophagy through AMPK-dependent path-way for cholesterol efflux regulation, and reduce the uptake of lipids by CD36 negative regulation.

Objective To detect the expression of ARK5 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)tissue and hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells,and to investigate its effect on the growth of hepatoma cells.Methods The expression levels of ARK5 mRNA and protein were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting in 30 cases of HCC tissue, paracarcinoma tissue,SMMC-7721 cells,and hepatic cells LO2.The SiRNA of ARK5 and negative control (NC) siRNA were constructed and transfected into the SMMC-7721 cells,and used as experimental group and negative control group;at the same time blank control group was set up. The proliferation activity and apoptotic rate of transfected cells were detected by MTT assay and flow cytometry (FCM).Results The PCR and Western blotting results showed that the expression levels of ARK5 mRNA and protein in HCC tissue and SMMC-7721 cells were significantly higher than those in paracarcinoma tissue and LO2 cells (P<0.05 ). The MTT assay results demonstrated that the inhibitory rates of growth of transfected cells in experimental group at 24,48 and 72 h were (19.39±5.42)%, (23.19±0.53)%,and (20.74±1.23)%;there were significant differences compared with blank control group and negative control group (P<0.01).The FCM results indicated that the apoptotic rate of the transfected cells in experimental group was (15.017±0.945)%,there were significant differences compared with blank control group (8.770%± 0.656 )% and negative control group (8.763%± 1.201%) (P<0.05 ). Conclusion The ARK5 expression level is significantly increased in HCC tissue and hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells;the inhibition of ARK5 expression could suppress the growth of hepatoma cells and induce apoptosis. So ARK5 maybe act as a cancer-promoting gene and induce hepatocellular carcinogenesis.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(mPCNL)in the treatment of upper urinary tract calculus. Methods The clinical data of 368 cases of upper urinary tract calculus from 2002 to 2006, which underwent mPCNL, were retrospectively analyzed. Among 368 cases analyzed, there were 116 cases with proximal ureteral cal-culus;190 cases of nonstaghorn kidney stones, 62 cases of staghorn stones. Results There were 344 cases(93.5%)treated with one-stage operation, 24 cases(6.5%) with two-stage. Single channel was used in 856 cases(96.70%), two-channel in 12 cases(3.3%). Complete stone clearance was a-chieved in 337 kidneys, giving an overall clearance rate of 91.6%. The average operative time was 73 min. The duration of hospital stay was 4-8 d with an average of 6 d in one-stage and complete clear-ance patients. Postoperative urinary tract infection was seen in 23 patients(6.2 %). Five(1.4 %) pa-tients required blood transfusion after operation. Two patients with severe bleeding were treated with blood transfusion and super-selective arterial embolization. Conclusion mPCNL has definite efficacy in the treatment of upper urinary tract calculus with little suffering and short recovery time.