BACKGROUND. 2.3 billion Individuals have latent TB infection(LTBI), up to 10 million new cases of TB arise and killing nearly 2 million individuals around this globe, annually [1,2]. In Mongolia, tuberculinskin test is used to detection of mycobacterial infection, which has many disadvantages. Interferon gamma release assay (IGRA, QFT-G), a method advised by WHO, is the most reliable detection of latent infection. If we can detect LTBI in childhood, it is possible to prevent from active TB decreasing prevalence in the future. That is why it is important to screen the LTBI among children. GOAL: To estimate the prevalence of LTBI among 6-13 age children and to define the LTBI risk factors. Methods: We enrolled 9126 children for our study, indicating a possible estimation for LTBI prevalence among 6-13 age children in Ulaanbaatar city. Under ethical permission, our study was performed, as well as the consent of parents and children. We determined the LTBI by using QFT-G. We took a questionnaire about a socio-economic status, a history of TB contact and also conducted anthropometric measurements in all participants. The study design was a descriptive, cross-sectional and a case-control which based on QFT-G results. SPSS version 20.0.0 was used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Regardingthe QFT-G test, 8214(90%) number of children were negative, 908 (10%) were positive, 4 (<0.1%) samples were indeterminable. There were statistically significant differences between control and case group in some questionnaire of socio-economic status. No significant difference was seen between two groups in all anthropometric measurements. In multinomial logistic regression, a tuberculosis contact, a household type, and passive smoking were identified as independent LTBI risk factors (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The LTBI prevalence is high (10%) in school-age children living in Ulaanbaatar. It has increased at 6-13 age (p<0.05). Several important risk factors for LTBI in school age children elicited. Most powerful risk factors were tuberculosis contact (p<0.001), type of residence (p<0.05) and passive smoking (p<0.001).

In order to determine sleep disorders, especially insomnia due to exam stress in medical students, moreover are there any bad effects on performance of mental abilities and emotional competency, we carried out this research. We used Prospective cohort study design, involving III and IV grade 60 students, once these grades are most overloaded courses. The study performed through 2 stages: 1) Just after Final examination of a block, 2) During regular days, after sleeping well. The aim can be divided into three main categories, including evaluation of sleep disorders, estimation of brain performances and emotional competency. An average sleeping time was 3.67±1.45 hours on final exam day, whereas a main sleeping time during regular day was 7.88±1.19 hours. As totally 70% of students were estimated as having insomnia and according to insomnia severity index, 58.3% of them had subthreshold insomnia, 16.7% of them had moderate insomnia. Furthermore, regarding to Epworth sleepiness scale, 36.7% of all participants were evaluated as having mild daytime sleepiness, 13.3% had moderate, and 10% had severe sleepiness, which was more common in male students. The estimation of emotional competency consists of self-awareness, managing emotions, motivating oneself, empathy, and social skill, which were strongly associated with duration of sleep time, as well as, emotion was more stable in 4th grade students. As comparison between mental performances of sufficient and insufficient sleep time, main difference of speed 3428±1249, memory 2984±1063, attention 2472±31, flexibility 4525±1184, and problem solving 945±193 scores.

In this study we aimed to check a hypothesis about water sound (WS) effect can stimulate parasympathetic nervous system. A case-control study design was used. The students in control group did not listen WS, whereas students in case groups had been influenced under WSE by 3 different ways, including audio, video and shower. Data base had been obtained by performance of stress test, measurements of systolic and diastolic pressure, and counts of pulse. For statistical analysis, IBM SPSS 20.0 and Graphpad prism 7.0 were used. Interestingly, 92% of total students had stress. There were no differences between groups before WS effect. After WS effect, ANOVA test detected differences in diastolic pressure (ANOVA, F=6.209, p=0.001), stress score (F=15.21, p<0.001). Paired test was utilized to compare mean of values between before and post WS measurements, finding SP (p=0.001), SS (p<0.001) categories. It showed an effective WS influence. Chi-square test indicated that stress level of all students decreased significantly (p<0.001). But there were no differences between 3 methods of water therapy. In conclusion, WS has an effect of stimulation in immune system, useful for some diseases, in which parasympathetic system decrease and sympathetic system increases.

Нойр булчирхайн цочмог үрэвсэл, эмнэлзүйн урьдчилан тооцоолох дүрэм, Ranson –ийн шалгуур, APACHE II-ийн шалгуур A clinical prediction rule is a type of medical research study in which researchers try to identify the best combination of medical sign, symptoms, and other findings in predicting the probability of a specific disease or outcome. More than 80% of all patients with acute pancreatitis recover promptly without developing severe pancreatitis. The presence of early organ failure (within 24 hours of admission), multiple-organ system failure, and persistent or progressive (present beyond 48 hours after admission) organ failure are associated with prolonged hospitalization, ICU admission, need for surgery, and death. In high developed country, Ranson and APACHE II prognostic criteria are used in order to evaluate patient´s situation and modified treatment tactics. That is give an idea us to carry out retrospective study, by using patients´ documents, who hospitalized in National central hospital in last year. As result, according to Ranson´s criteria 13 (31.7%) of all patients had 0-2 score, which means mortality risk was 1.8%, 20 (48.8%) had 3-4 score (mortality risk is 11%), 8 (19.5%) were estimated 5-6 score, having 33% of mortality risk. Whereas, regarding to APACHE-II criteria 14 (34.2%) of total patients had score of 0-4, showing 4% of mortality risk, 23 (56.1%) were scored 5-9, having 8% of risk, 3 (7.3%) were scored 10-14, having 15% of risk, 1 (2.4%) had 15-19 score, having 24% of risk. Moreover, we determined that incomplete laboratory test, meaning essential prognostic criteria not used in Mongolia.