The 2450 MHz microwave irradiation was applied to the scrotal area of the rabbit and the temperature of the scrotal skin was maintained to 41—42℃ for 20 minutes. Ultrastructural alterations of the mucosa and muscularis of the seminal vesicles were studied by transmission electron microscopy at different intervals from 1 hour to 45 days after treatment. Both the principal cells and the smooth muscle cells were sensitive to microwave irradiation. Ultrastructural changes were detected in a few principal cells and smooth muscle cells after 1 hour. Later, the degeneration became serious 3 to 7 days following exposure, but appeared to be alleviated after 45 days. The main alterations in principal cells were dilatation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Gelgi complex, many myelin figures and accumulation of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm, swelling of microvilli and degeneration of nuclei. There were many vacuoles and myelin figures in the degenerative smooth muscle cells. Some basal cells also underwent degeneration. In addition, thickening and irregular infolding of the lamina propria were noted. The significance of the effects of microwave on the seminal vesicles was discussed.

The ultrastructure and AlP localization of the peritubular tissue of seminiferoustubules in man,rabbits,guinea pigs,rats and mice were observed.Usually,there are three layers of the cell which contains slender and branchcytoplasmic processes in human peritubular tissue.Cells of the inner most layerappear to have the characteristic of myoid cells.The outer layers looked the sameas fibroblasts.The myoid cells are frequently separated by wider intercellular spaces.AlP is localized in the basal lamina,innermost layer of collagenous fibrils zone,cytoplasm and inward plasma membrane of the myoid cells.The ultrastructure of the peritubular tissues of the four rodents are basicallythe same,there are only small differences among them.The myoid cells of rabbit andguinea pig are arranged in one layer and the ends of the adjacent cells may beoverlapped,which have a two-layers appearance.The myoid cells of rat and mouseform just one layer surrounding the tubule.The basal lamina in rabbit appears oneto two layers and in the other three rodents is only one layer.There are tightjunctions,open spaces of 100-200 (?) and wider intercellular spaces between theadjacent myoid cells in these four rodents.The AlP is localized in the basal lamina,inner non-cellular layer,cytoplasm and inward plasma membrane of the myoid cellsas well as endothelial cells of lymphatic sinusoid of all four rodents,but theowtward plasma membrane of myoid cells and outer non-cellular layer have theAlP only in guinea pig,rat,and mouse not in the rabbit.The physiological significance of the peritubular tissue and AlP enzymic sheathwere discussed.

The scrota and testes of the rabbits were exposed to 2450 mHz microwave field and the temperature of scrotal skin was raised to 41-42℃ for 20 minutes. Ultrastructural observations on the peritubular tissue of ductus epididymides were studied at different intervals from 30 minutes to 4 months after the treatment, and alkaline phosphatase cytochemical changes were observed at intervals from 12 hours to 30 days. Pronounced morphological alterations of the smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells of capillaries were detected within 30 minutes to I hour following exposure. After 24 hours to 3 days, the thickening of the peritubular tissue were noted. The thickening and infolding of the proper lamina were also prominent. The degenerative smooth muscle cells generally returned to normal appearance after 3-4 months, but the thickening of the peritubular tissue and infolding of the proper lamina still appeared. Alkaline phosphatase was localized in the basal lamina, proper lamina, the innermost smooth muscle cells cytoplasm and surface vesicles. There were no obvious alterations of alkaline phosphatase activity after 12 hours. After 15 days, the alkaline phosphatase prominently decreased, while after 30 days the alkaline phosphatase increased nearly to normal.

This paper presents the ultrastructural studies of the immediate and delayed effects of Cadmium (Cd) on rat testes and the protective effects of Zinc (Zn) on Cd induced injury. Forty-two rats were divided into three groups: 1) treatment with Cd (2mg/kg body weight); 2) treatment with Cd combined with Zn (80mg/kg body weight); and 3) the controls.The ultrastructural changes of some spermatids, spermatogonia primary spermatocytes and peritubular tissue were detected within 10—30 minutes after Cd treatment. The morphlogical alterations of spermatids and primary spermatocytes appeared first. However, after 1 hour, the changes of testicular capillaries were observed, and those of the Leydig cells were found within 2—4 hours. After 3—7 days, the seminiferous epitheium, peritubular tissue and interstitial tissue were totally necrosed. These results suggest that both seminiferous tubules and testicular capillaries are damaged directly by Cd treatment, but the ultrastructural alterations of the capillaries appear later than those of the seminiferous tubules. The protective effect of Zn on the testicular injury induced by Cd is prominent. However, this effect on the early spermatids is weaker than that on the other germ cells.