Purpose:To study the reasons for operative death and complications in cases of thoracic tumors,it was important for avoiding the operation risks and raising the survival rate. Methods:Analyzing the 3490 cases of thoracic tumors treated by surgery during 20 years in our hospital. Results:Among these cases,90 patients died and the operation death rate was 2.58%(90.3 400).In the 90 cases,there were lobectomy of lung cancer in 67,and the death rate was 1.72%(67/2 896);carcinoma of esophagus and gastric cardia in 19,the rate 3.91%(16/486);mediastinal tumors in 2,the rate 1.85%(2/108).The chief complications were cardiopulmonary diseases,stress ulcer,postoperative hemorrhage,stump fistula,anastomatic fistula,chylothorax and diaphragmatic hernia.Conclusions:The pulmonary,cardiavescular complications and anastomatic fistula were the major reasons for the operative death,but the first was pulmonary complication.

Objective To identify the effect of long hazardous drinking on cardiovascular function and cardiovascu?lar abnormalities among alcohol dependent patients. Methods A follow-up survey was conducted, 72 potential patients who were diagnosed as having alcohol dependence were recruited into case group and 75 staff who underwent routine health examination were subjected into control group. Furthermore, 52 patients were subdivided into long hazardous drinking group (GroupⅠ) according to the classification of alcohol consumption published by WHO. The rest patients in the case group were considered as not long hazardous drinkers (GroupⅡ). The blood lipid data, echocardiography and ca?rotid artery brachial artery ultrasonography measurement data were compared between the three groups. The high risk fac?tors for cardiovascular abnormalities among alcohol dependence patients were analyzed. And one year after discharge, telephone follow-up method was used to obtain the incidence of cardiovascular accident among patients. Results The dis?tribution of blood lipid data among GroupⅠ, Ⅱ and control group were not significantly different (P>0.05). The LVEF score in GroupⅠwas significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01). The LAAEF score in GroupⅠwas signifi? cantly higher than that in control group and that in the GroupⅡ(P<0.05). While the FDM and IMT score in the GroupⅠwas significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01). In the case group, the duration of drinking alcohol was neg?atively associated with LAPEF (r=-0.246, P=0.014) and LAAEF (r=0.239, P=0.016). The average daily alcohol consump?tion was positively associated with LVEF (r=0.256, P=0.010), while negatively correlated with FMD (r=-0.256,P=0.010). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that long hazardous drinking was an independent risk factor for cardiovas?cular abnormalities (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.060~1.678). Conclusion Long hazardous drinking can reduce left ventricular diastolic and vascular endothelial function. It is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular abnormalities in alcohol de?pendent patient.

AIM: To investigate the related factors of pupil diameter changes in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in patients of different ages and their effects on the operation time and surgical efficacy of patient interface.

METHODS: One hundred and one patients(101 eyes)with femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery were enrolled in this study from March 2017 to June 2018, the age group was divided into middle-aged group(46 cases)and old age group(55 cases). Routine mydriasis was carried out in every patient. The operation time of patient interface, docking time, nucleus radius and pupil diameter before, during and after interface operation, best corrected visual acuity before and after surgery were recorded. The state anxiety questionnaire was used to assess the state anxiety symptoms during interfacing operation and evaluate the clinical efficacy.

RESULTS: The age of patients with femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery was significantly negatively correlated with the diameter of the pupil before, during and after the interface operation, the radius of the nucleus, and the state anxiety score. The interface operation time and the state anxiety score were significantly negative correlation. The pupil diameters of the middle-aged patients(8.89±0.57, 7.52±0.52, 8.96±0.54mm)were significantly greater than those of the elderly group(8.43±0.73, 7.14±0.55, 8.44±0.75mm)before, during and after the interface operation,and the state anxiety score(42.19±9.27)was significantly greater than that of the elderly group(39.80±9.15 points)(P<0.01), however there was no difference in interface operation time, docking time and total effective rate of treatment between the two groups(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: The pupillary changes in middle-aged femtosecond laser-assisted cataract patients are more sensitive and these patients are prone to anxiety, which has certain influence on the progress of the surgery.

Humans ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ; Aortic Valve/surgery* ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Renal Dialysis ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Heart Valve Prosthesis

Humans ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ; Aortic Valve/surgery* ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Renal Dialysis ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Heart Valve Prosthesis

Objective To investigate the role of anandamide(ANA)-mediated cannabinoid receptor 1(CB1) on the acquisition of visceral hypersensitivity in rats, and explore its underlying mechanism. Methods The visceral hypersensitivity non-noxious/noxious colorectal distension (NNCRD/NCRD) model of rat was reproduced by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization combined with NNCRD/NCRD. Fifty-four rats were randomly divided into control group (n=7), saline+CRD group (n=7), OVA+CRD+dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (n=8), OVA+CRD+different concentrations of ANA (0.5, 5.0, 10.0mg/kg) groups (8 each), and OVA+CRD+ANA+AM251 group (n=8). The expression and quantitative assessment of CB1 were monitored by immunoflurorescence and laser scanning confocal analysis. The visceral sensitivity was evaluated by the area under curve (AUC) of myoelectrical activity of abdominal wall muscle. Results By NCRD at 80mmHg, the density of CB1 immunofluorescence intensity was significantly higher in L4-L6 of the spinal cord of the rats in saline+CRD group compared with that in control group (P<0.05). The expression of CB1 was higher in OVA+CRD+DMSO group than in saline+CRD group (P<0.05). By NNCRD at 20 mmHg, no statistical difference was found in the AUC of visceromotor reflex (VMR) among various groups (P>0.05). By NCRD at 80mmHg, the VMR-AUC increased obviously in OVA+CRD+DMSO group as compared with that of saline+CRD group, but it decreased significantly in OVA+CRD+high concentration ANA group (P<0.05). When AM251 was intravenously given, VMR-AUC increased significantly in OVA+CRD+ANA+AM251 group compared with that in OVA+CRD+different concentrations of ANA groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Intravenous administration of ANA may mitigate the visceral nociception induced by basic OVA-sensitization combined with NCRD stimulation in CB1-mediated manner. It indicated that anandamide-mediated CB1 cannabinoid receptor may regulate the development and maintenance of visceral hypersensitivity.

Objective To evaluate the validity and explore the mechanism of renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) in the treatment of dogs with hypertension reproduced by constriction of abdominal aorta. Methods The hypertension model was reproduced by constriction of abdominal aorta in 20 adult healthy dogs. These dogs were then randomly divided into the treatment group and control group (10 each). Renal sympathetic nerve radiofrequency ablation was done in treatment group 1 month after modeling. The foreleg blood pressure, sympathetic activity and norepinephrine overflow rate of dogs in two groups were detected before modeling, and 1, 2 and 3 months after modeling, and the trend of the change was also observed. Results One month after modeling, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were elevated significantly in control group (146.7 ± 21.0, 89.0 ± 12.7 and 108.3 ± 14.9mmHg) compared with those before modeling (119.5 ± 13.2, 76.5 ± 7.8 and 90.9 ± 8mmHg, P<0.05). The renal sympathetic activity impulse and norepinephrine spillover rate were also enhanced significantly (P<0.05). The renal sympathetic nerve activity obviously decreased in the treatment group after the operation, and then increased 2 months after the ablation. The norepinephrine spillover rate in treatment group increased significantly 1 month after modeling (P<0.05), and decreased after ablation, and it lasted to the end of the experiment (P<0.05). One and two months after ablation, the norepinephrine spillover rate was lower in treatment group than in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Renal sympathetic nerve radiofrequency ablation significantly inhibits the elevation of norepinephrine spillover rate and sympathetic nerve activity in dogs with hypertension.

Objective To illustrate the relationship between abdominal fat accumulation and cardiac remodeling in hypertension patients. Methods Visceral fat area (VA) and substantial fat area (SA) were assessed by CT in 380 hypertensive patients (male 198, female 182) with an age range of 21-83 years during the period of Jan 2006 to Dec 2008, and their blood pressure, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), interventricular septum thickness (IVST) were measured at the same time. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to their VA and WC, namely visceral fat obesity (VFO), pseudo-VFO, masked visceral fat obesity (MVFO), and non-obesity; intra-abdominal fat normal group (VA normal), intra-abdominal fat accumulation group (IFA); interventricular septum thickening group, and normal group. The differences in IVST, SA, VA, VA/ SA, WC and BMI were observed between the groups. Results The values of WC, VA, BMI, VA/SA were significantly higher in interventricular septum thickening group than in normal group, while the SA was significantly lower than that in normal group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). IVST, WC, BMI, VA and VA/SA were significantly higher in IFA group than in VA normal group, while SA was obviously higher in VA normal group, and showed statistically significant difference (P<0.05). IVST and VA were significantly higher in VFO group than in other groups (P<0.05), and the VA/SA was significantly lower in VFO group than in MVFO group (P<0.05); the IVST and VA in MVFO group were significantly higher than those in pseudo-VFO group and non-obesity group (P<0.05). The SA in pseudo-VFO group was significantly higher than that in VFO, MVFO and non-obesity groups (P<0.05), however, there was no statistically significant difference in IVST when compared with non-obesity group. Logistic correlation analysis showed VA/SA, VA and WC were the risk factors leading to ventricular septal hypertrophy. Conclusions Masked abdominal obesity is significantly related to septal hypertrophy in hypertension, and VA/SA is an important risk factor for ventricular septal hypertrophy.

AIM:To compare the differences, correlations and consistency of IOL Master 700 or Lenstar LS900 in preoperative ocular biometry and the accuracy of intraocular lens(IOL)degree calculation of cataract patients with high myopia.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 136 cases(136 eyes)of high myopia and cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification at the ophthalmology department of Army Medical Center of PLA from March 2021 to March 2023 were collected, with a mean age of 57.38±8.08 years. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on axial length(AL): 41 eyes in group A(26 mm≤ AL ≤28 mm), 43 eyes in group B(28 mm< AL ≤30 mm)and 52 eyes in group C(AL >30 mm). AL, mean keratometry(Km), anterior chamber depth(ACD), lens thickness(LT)and white-to-white(WTW)were preoperatively measured by two instruments, respectively. Barrett Universal II formula was used to calculate the IOL degrees of all patients, the appropriate reserved diopter was decided individually, and the prediction error(PE)and absolute error(AE)of the two instruments were compared.RESULTS:The AL and ACD of patients in the three groups measured by Lenstar LS900 were higher than the AL measurd by IOL Master 700(all P<0.05), with a difference of AL measured by the two devices: group C>group B>group A. However, there was no statistical significance in LT, Km, and WTW measured by the two instruments(all P>0.05). All biometric parameters measured by the two devices were positively correlated(all r>0.9, P<0.05), and consistent(95% LoA of all groups were narrow). There was no statistically significant difference in AE calculated by the two devices(P>0.05), but the IOL Master 700 calculated a smaller PE than Lenstar LS900(P<0.05), with lower percentage of hyperopic shift in IOL Master 700.CONCLUSION:In cataract patients with high myopia, AL measured by Lenstar LS900 is longer than that by IOL Master 700, and the differences of AL increase along with the growth of AL. Both devices have a good prediction for IOL calculation, but IOL Master 700 has less refractive error, lower percentage of hyperopic shift, and greater clinical advantages IOL Master 700.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is becoming a major challenge for global health and social care. However, the current understanding of AD pathogenesis is limited, and no early diagnosis and disease-modifying therapy are currently available. During the past year, significant progress has been made in clinical research on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of AD. In this review, we summarize the latest achievements, including diagnostic biomarkers, polygenic hazard score, amyloid and tau PET imaging, clinical trials targeting amyloid-beta (Aβ), tau, and neurotransmitters, early intervention, and primary prevention and systemic intervention approaches, and provide novel perspectives for further efforts to understand and cure the disease.
Alzheimer Disease ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Biomedical Research ; methods ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging